DNA Cross Linkers

<p>Stability Temperature and Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A water soluble, bulkier analogue of the charged MTS reagent MTSET. Charged MTS reagents have been used successfully with SCAM (substituted cysteine accessibility method) to probe the topology and function of a number of ligand-gated ion channels and transporter proteins.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2S,2’S,5S)-5-Hydroxy Lysinonorleucine is one of the stereoisomers of 5-Hydroxylysinonorleucine, reduced collagen cross links.<br>References Astbury, C., et al.: Br. J. Rheumatol., 33, 11 (1994), Watts, N., et al.: Clin. Chem., 45, 1359 (1999), Banse, X., et al.: Bone, 31, 70 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications A sulfhydryl and carbohydrate reactive, heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent. Glycoprotein reactive.<br>References Yoshitake, S., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 101, 395 (1979), Chamow, S.M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267(22), 15916 (1992)<br></p>

<p>DNA alkylating agent; highly potent metabolite of nemorubicin</p>

<p>Nitrogen mustard derivative; DNA crosslinking agent; anti-cancer agent</p>

<p>Topoisomerase II inhibitor; daunorubicin analog; anti-leukemic; anthracycline</p>

<p>Nimustine is an antineoplastic agent that is being studied for use in treating Glioblastomas. It is suggested to be a DNA alkylating agent although, its exact mechanism is still unknown.</p>

<p>Temozolomide is an imidazotetrazine alkylating agent. It has anti-tumor activity against a broad spectrum of tumors, such as leukemias, lymphomas and solid tumors. Temozolomide induces G2/M arrest, preventing cells from entering mitosis and, therefore, apoptosis. As a drug resistance-modifying agent it is used for studying drug resistance mechanisms in glioblastoma cell lines.</p>

<p>Carmustine is a DNA alkylating agent which also cross-links DNA. As a result, Carmustine disrupts the function of DNA, resulting in the arrest the cell cycle and apoptosis. Consequently these properties of Carmustine, in addition to its ability to easily transmit through the blood-brain barrier, means it can be used as a cancer treatment, treating cancers such as, breast, ovarian and pancreatic as well as lymphomas and leukemias. Furthermore Carmustine can contribute to cytotoxic effects through its ability to carbamoylate DNA repair enzymes and proteins.</p>

<p>Platinum-based anti-tumor drug</p>

<p>Ifosfamide is an alkylating agent and immunosuppressive drug used in chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers such as ovarian, testicular, cervical and bladder. This drug interferes with the normal process of DNA replication causing damage to the DNA in cancer cells hence preventing them from growing and dividing.</p>

<p>Platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent</p>

<p>Nitrogen mustard derivative; DNA crosslinking agent; anti-cancer agent</p>

<p>Inhibits DNA topoisomerase II; antineoplastic; immunomodulatory; antimicrobial</p>

<p>Cisplatin, also known as cisplatinum, is a platinum-based anti-cancer agent that inhibits the EGFR, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase. It has been shown to have anti-cancer effects in melanoma cells and to inhibit tumor growth in mice. Cisplatin acts by interfering with the mechanism of DNA repairing. It loses one chloride ligand and binds to DNA to inhibit the synthesis, causing DNA damage, and thus inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In certain studies, the use of cisplatin in combination with other metal chelators has shown improvement in the uptake of the anticancer drug. CisplatiN - Bio-X™ is part of our Bio-X™ Range. These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready to use products for assay development, screening or other R&amp;D work. With a solubility datasheet and convenient vials, all of our Bio-X™ products are in stock across our global warehouses for rapid delivery and ease of use.</p>

<p>Procarbazine is an alkylating agent used in chemotherapy to treat brain cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma. It methylates guanine in DNA which causes the strands to become prone to breakage, thus inhibiting both DNA and RNA synthesis. The drug has been shown to be effective in vitro against a variety of human carcinoma cell lines.</p>

<p>Carboplatin is an antineoplastic alkylating agent that is used in the treatment of ovarian cancer. This drug attaches alkyl groups to nucleotides leading to the formation of monoadducts. Carboplatin’s main mechanism of action is preventing DNA strands from separating for synthesis and transcription.</p>

<p>Lomustine is an alkylating agent that is used as chemotherapy for treating metastatic brain tumors and relapsed Hodgkin’s disease in combination with radiation treatments. This drug causes alkylation and cross-linking of DNA, thus inducing cytotoxicity. Furthermore, this drug inhibits DNA synthesis.</p>

<p>Mitomycin C is a cytotoxic agent that belongs to the class of mitomycins. It has been used for the treatment of a range of cancers and for ocular surface diseases, such as the glaucoma surgery trabeculectomy. In this case it is administered to reduce post-operative scarring which could otherwise lead to failure of the procedure. Mitomycin C is an alkylating antibiotic that inhibits DNA synthesis by cross-linking the DNA double helix. Mitomycin C also stimulates the production of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Clinically, mitomycin can be used both intravenously and topically, and has been studied in a range of wound healing models.</p>