Others

Applications Ethyl Ethanesulfonate is used as a reactant in stereoselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions. Also used in the preparation of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium alkanesulfonate ionic liquids.
References Stadler, D., Bach, T.: Chem. Asian J., 3, 272 (2008); Blesic, M., et al.: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 11, 8939 (2009);

Applications A labelled metabolite of Zopiclone.

Impurity Diazepam EP Impurity E
Applications 6-Chloro-1-methyl-4-phenyl-2(1H)-quinazolinone (Diazepam EP Impurity E) is an impurity of Temazepam (T017200), which is a pharmacologically active metabolite. It is used as a sedative and hypnotic drug.
References Sarteschi, P., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 22, 93 (1972), Schwandt, H.J., et al.: Xenobiotica, 4, 733 (1974), Curry, S.H., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 57, 427 (1976), Heel, R.C., et al.: Drugs, 21, 321 (1981)

Applications Diazepam is an anxiolytic; muscle relaxant (skeletal); anticonvulsant.Diazepam is a controlled substance (depressant).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References MacDonald, A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 79 (1972); Mandelli, M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 3, 72 (1978); Bertilsson, L., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 45, 85 (1990); Murray, J.B., et al.: J. Psychol., 124, 655 (1990); Pellock, J.M., et al.: Drug Saf., 27, 383 (2004);

Impurity Abiraterone Impurity 5
Applications 17-Iodo-androsta-5,16-diene-3β-ol is an analog of Abiraterone (A108490) and is used as a reagent in the synthesis of C-17-heteroaryl steroidal CYP17 inhibitors/antiandrogens which exhibit antitumor activity. Abiraterone Impurity 5
References Handratta, V.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 2972 (2005)

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is an organic compound derived from benzidine. DAB is water-soluble as the tetrahydrochloride salt and is used in immunohistochemical staining of nucleic acids and proteins. Within research in Alzheimer's disease, Aβ protein amyloid plaques are targeted by a primary antibody, and subsequently by a secondary antibody, which is conjugated with a peroxidase enzyme. This will bind DAB as a substrate and oxidize it, producing an easily observable brown colour. 3,3’-Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride hydrate is also available as the tetrahydrochloride salt and as the free base.

Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate for ?-glucosidase activity (EC 3.2.1.20, ?-1,4-glucosidase, also known as maltase). The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by bacteria producing this enzyme in liquid or solid media, yielding orange color. Green fluorescence is also generated if a suitable matrix is present such as: cellulose acetate filters, polypropylene tubes or microplates and polyethylene vials. Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

4-Nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucuronide is a chromogenic substrate widely used for detecting and quantifying the activity of alpha glucuronidase enzyme. Upon cleavage by the enzyme, it releases the yellow-colored 4-nitrophenol, whose absorbance can be monitored spectrophotometrically. This substrate is routinely employed in biochemistry and molecular biology applications, such as enzyme assays, enzyme kinetics studies, and characterization of recombinant enzymes. As a non-toxic and easy-to-use reagent, 4-Nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucuronide provides a convenient and sensitive method for studying alpha-glucuronidase activity in various biological samples, including cell extracts, tissue homogenates, and purified enzyme preparations.

BIOSYNTH Culture Medium for the isolation andidentification of Escherichia coli O157:H7

5-Amino-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (AIG) is a chromogenic substrate that is used for the detection of beta-galactosidase activity. AIG is also used in food testing, diagnostics, and environmental testing. The detection of beta-galactosidase activity can be done by either using the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl galactopyranoside or the bioluminescence system of firefly luciferase and luciferin. This product has a CAS number of 110114-03-0 and a molecular weight of 417.5 g/mol.

5-Bromo-3-indolyl phosphate disodium salt is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used for the detection of bacterial activity. It reacts with oxygen to produce light, which can be measured using a luminometer. It is also used as a chromogenic substrate for detection of bacterial activity in culture media. The enzyme reaction produces an intense blue fluorescence and is used for diagnostic purposes in food testing and medical diagnostics. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl phosphate disodium salt has been shown to be effective against many bacteria and fungi, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. This product is chemically stable at room temperature but should be stored at 4°C or below.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-fucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used is for the enzyme beta-fucosidase.

2-Nitrophenyl a-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate commonly used to assay the activity of glucosidases. Upon cleavage of the glycosidic bond by glucosidases, the released 2-nitrophenyl group yields a yellow color detectable by spectrophotometry. This substrate has high sensitivity and is widely used in a variety of applications, including drug discovery and enzyme kinetics studies.

Ostazin Brilliant Red H-3B Galactomannan is a chemiluminescent substrate used for the detection of β-1,4-galactomannans. It reacts with the glucose residues on the mannan backbone to produce a red fluorescent product. This product can be detected by spectrophotometry at an excitation wavelength of 395 nm and emission wavelength of 510 nm. The Ostazin Brilliant Red H-3B Galactomannan substrate is useful in detecting Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group A streptococci, Group B streptococci, Group D streptococci, Group G streptococci, and Group C streptococci.

1-Naphthyl β-D-glucopyranoside can be used as a chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidases. It can also be used as a fluorogenic substrate to study carbohydrate metabolism and in screening enzyme inhitibitors in pharmacologic research.

Chromogenic substrate for β-D-Cellobiosidase yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.

Aldol® 515 L-alanine amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of L-alanine aminopeptidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by L-alanine aminopeptidase produced by microorganisms, grown in liquid or solid media yielding red color. In addition, red fluorescence is generated when a fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 L-alanine amide can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.