Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates

<p>Methyl a-D-Lamarabioside heptaacetate is a synthetic, fluorinated monosaccharide derived from the natural compound D-Lamarabioside. It is used as a building block for the synthesis of novel oligosaccharides and glycosylated proteins. This product also has applications in medical research and development, such as for the design of new drugs and vaccines, as well as in biotechnology and chemical engineering. Methyl a-D-laminarabioside heptaacetate is soluble in water with a melting point of 230°C. It can be used to modify proteins with high purity by introducing glycosylation sites. This product is also useful for click chemistry reactions.</p>

<p>NA2G1F N-glycan is a modified glycopeptide that is synthesized from the monosaccharide chitin. It has been fluorinated to render it resistant to proteolytic degradation and has been glycosylated with sialic acid residues. NA2G1F N-glycan can be used for use in click chemistry, methylation, or glycosylation. The molecular weight of this product is between 5 and 50 kDa, with a purity of &gt; 98%.</p>

<p>2,3,4,3',4'-Penta-O-isovaleryl-sucrose is a custom synthesis that has been modified by fluorination and methylation. It is a monosaccharide with a molecular weight of 596.84 g/mol. This compound is synthesized from sucrose through a click modification reaction and then further modified by glycosylation reactions to form an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide. 2,3,4,3',4'-Penta-O-isovaleryl-sucrose can be used in the production of complex carbohydrates such as Sucralose and Stevia.</p>

<p>Fructononasaccharide is a modification of oligosaccharides that is synthesized from sucrose. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with methylation and glycosylation. Fructononasaccharide is used in the synthesis of polysaccharides, as well as for the production of high-purity, custom-synthesized monosaccharides and disaccharides. Fructononasaccharide can be fluorinated or saccharified to produce different compounds.</p>

<p>1,3:1,4 b-Glucotriose (A) is a custom synthesis that is available with a purity of ≥98%. It is a fluorinated polysaccharide with a complex structure that can be modified to produce different variations. The methylation status of the compound can be customized as well. This product is an oligosaccharide and polysaccharide sugar that contains one glucose unit. It has been synthesized from the monosaccharide sugar and it can be used for chemical modification or for research purposes.</p>

<p>Paromamine trihydrochloride is a Custom synthesis, Modification, Fluorination, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Synthetic, Click modification of the chemical compound. Paromamine trihydrochloride is an Oligosaccharide and saccharide that has been Glycosylated. The Carbohydrate complex is made up of a number of sugar units that are linked together to form a polysaccharide. This Polysaccharide can be found in many plants and animals.</p>

<p>Monofucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I is an oligsaccharide that is found in human milk</p>

<p>4-Deoxy-D-chitobiose heptaacetate is a synthetic compound that has been modified by the addition of a heptaacetate group. This modification provides an additional site for attachment to other molecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins. The fluorination of this saccharide provides further protection against degradation and increases its stability in aqueous solutions. 4-Deoxy-D-chitobiose heptaacetate is available in high purity and can be custom synthesized to meet your needs.</p>

<p>4-Aminophenyl b-D-thiocellobiose is a modified sugar that has been synthesized and fluorinated. 4-Aminophenyl b-D-thiocellobiose is used in the synthesis of glycosylated bioactive molecules, including oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. The modification of this sugar is done by glycosylation, methylation, and conjugation. It can be used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates as well as saccharides. This product's CAS No. is 68636-49-7.</p>

<p>A2F Glycan is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized from 2-AB labelled methylated saccharides. It can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and as a click modification. A2F Glycan has a CAS number, which allows for custom synthesis, and it is available in high purity. The glycosylation of this product can be modified to suit the needs of the customer. The fluorination of A2F Glycan helps with the synthesis process and provides a complex carbohydrate with few impurities.</p>

<p>GalNAca1-3(Fuca1-2)Gal-HSA (6 atom spacer)</p>

<p>α-6⁴-6³-Di-galactosyl-mannopentaose is a specialized oligosaccharide, which is a type of complex carbohydrate. This compound is derived from natural plant sources and its structure comprises a mannopentaose core linked with two galactose units. The mode of action involves specific interactions with gut microbiota, where it selectively enriches beneficial bacterial populations, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. These interactions occur by serving as a fermentation substrate, promoting the growth of microbes that confer beneficial effects on host health.</p>

<p>D-Fructose-13C6-1,6-diphosphate sodium salt is a reactive compound used as a model in studies of metabolic disorders. It has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of D-fructose 1,6 diphosphate to D-fructose 6 phosphate in the cytosol. The compound is also useful for determining the binding of calcium ions to proteins and for measuring the activity of carbon source enzymes.</p>

<p>NA4 is a n-glycan with an average molecular weight of about 3.5 kDa. NA4 is found in the blood and urine of human beings and other mammals, as well as in the milk from cows. It is a major component of mucus secreted by the respiratory tract, and it can be found in the outer layer of the skin. NA4 contains a single N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) residue at its reducing end.</p>

<p>N,S-Carboxymethyl cysteine hydrochloride (NCC) is a drug product that is synthesized from cysteine. It has been used in analytical chemistry, metabolism studies, and drug development. NCC has been shown to be a natural metabolite of cysteine when administered orally to rats or mice. It is also an impurity standard for HPLC analysis and has been used as an API impurity in the synthesis of other drugs.<br>NCC is not commercially available but can be synthesized by reacting cysteine with chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide.</p>

<p>Man-8 N-glycan is a modification of the carbohydrate Man-8. It is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from monosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product has been custom synthesized for high purity and high quality. It has been fluorinated to increase its stability, and it can be used in glycosylation reactions.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorinated methylated carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide with a sugar backbone. The sugar in the molecule is a monosaccharide, which is attached to other sugars through glycosylation. Methyl 3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside has been synthesized and can be custom synthesized for specific requirements. It has high purity and can be obtained with a variety of modifications, such as fluorination to increase its stability. This compound can be used in a variety of applications, including the treatment of tuberculosis infections and cancer.</p>

<p>NeuAc-a2,3-Gal-b-1,4-Glc-GlycineNH2 is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of saccharides. It is an oligosaccharide that has been synthesized via a custom synthesis. This product is high purity and has been modified with methylation, glycosylation, and click modification.</p>

<p>Methyl-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-S-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-4-thio-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-b-D-[2] glucopyranoside is a synthetic saccharide with a single modification of 4'-fluoro substitution on the O6 position. This modification provides an increased stability to acid hydrolysis. Methylation and saccharide synthesis is performed in our lab and custom modifications are available upon request.</p>

<p>A mixture of sodium trigalacturonate &amp; tetragalacturonate (α-1,4 sodium galacturonotriose + α-1,4 sodium galacturonotetraose) is derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis (Combo, 2012). It is used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s), and gluconase(s) (Jayani, 2005). The addition of very short fragments of homogalacturonan, tri-galacturonate, and tetra-galacturonate oligosaccharides, restore development in dark-grown, de-etiolated seedling mutants, suggesting that they are unable to generate de-methylesterified pectin fragments. A model of spatiotemporally separated photoreceptive and signal-responsive cell types has been proposed, that contains overlapping subsets of the regulatory network of light-dependent seedling development (Sinclair, 2017).</p>

<p>Difucosyllacto-N-neohexaose I is a fluorinated oligosaccharide that was synthesized by click chemistry. The synthesis of this compound involved the addition of a methyl group to the penultimate carbon on the reducing end of a disaccharide. Fluorination was then performed to introduce a trifluoromethyl group onto the sugar ring, which is an important step in obtaining a high level of purity. This compound has been shown to be effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and can be used as an antibacterial agent for prevention and treatment of various infections.</p>

<p>8-Methoxycarbonyloctyl-6-O-(a-L-fucopyranosyl)-N,N'-diacetylchitobioside is a synthetic carbohydrate that has been fluorinated at the 8 position and acetylated at the 6 position. It is a custom synthesis that can be modified with methylation and other modifications. This compound is used in biochemical research as well as for medical purposes. It has a CAS number of 106445-35-6, and has been shown to have glycosylation, oligosaccharide, sugar, methylation, monosaccharide, polysaccharide, saccharide click modification properties.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-neotetraose-GEL is a glycosylation product that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is a methylated, fluorinated, and saccharide-modified oligosaccharide. This product can be custom synthesized in high purity with a CAS number and has a very low endotoxin level. Lacto-N-neotetraose-GEL has been shown to have many uses including as an adjuvant for vaccines and monoclonal antibody production. It has also been shown to suppress inflammation and increase the efficacy of cancer treatments.</p>

<p>Blood group antigen derivative with spacer arm</p>

<p>GM3-ganglioside NBD (ammonium salt) has a core disaccharide structure (Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acid linked α2,3 to the galactose residue with nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue, in place of the ceramide fatty acid (Ledeen, 2009). Ganglioside GM3 is strongly associated with human tumors, such as, lung, brain, and melanomas, where it is frequently found to be overexpressed. GM3 ganglioside is seen as a possible tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen for cancer immunotherapy (Changping, 2019). GM3 ganglioside is implicated in various other diseases involving chronic inflammation, such as: insulin resistance, leptin resistance, T-cell function, and immune disorders (e.g. allergic asthma). It has also been shown to play an essential role in murine and human auditory systems, and is a common pathological feature of GM3S deficiency is deafness (Inokuchi, 2018).</p>

<p>The linker N-Allyloxycarbonyl-b-lactosamine (NALB) is a bifunctional molecule that can be used to form triplexes with DNA. The NALB has been shown to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae by binding to the bacterial cell wall and disrupting its permeability. The linker is synthesized by solid phase synthesis. This process involves the stepwise addition of building blocks in a sequence that is predetermined. The residues are usually protected with protecting groups, which are then removed at the end of the synthesis process.</p>

<p>Sialyl-dimeric Lex-nona-APD-HSA is a monosaccharide that belongs to the group of complex carbohydrates. It is a custom synthesis product, which has been synthesized by the methylation and glycosylation of a high purity oligosaccharide. The structural formula for this product is C14H30FNO6S2. This product is highly purified and has been fluorinated at one hydroxyl group. Sialyl-dimeric Lex-nona-APD-HSA has CAS No. 569078-29-4 and molecular weight of 432.5 g/mol.br&gt;<br>br&gt;<br>This product can be used as a synthetic sugar in various applications such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agrochemicals industries.br&gt;<br>br&gt;<br>The following are some properties of this compound: <br>1) Nonvolatile solids content: 98%</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2deoxyb-Dglucopyranoside is a sugar that is used in the preparation of various drugs. It has a pyranose ring and a pyranose form. The IR spectrum displays three distinct peaks at 1730 cm−1, 1590 cm−1 and 1410 cm−1. The axial orientation of the carbon atoms can be determined by looking at the absorption spectra. There are six carbons in the molecule with two axial orientations. The methyl group has an axial orientation and the acetamido group has an equatorial orientation. This compound is not soluble in water but dissolves well in methanol or ethanol. Methyl 2-acetamido 3 O</p>

<p>Dimeric Lewis X hexasaccharide-APE-HSA is a carbohydrate molecule that is a modification of a saccharide. It is an oligosaccharide sugar with a CAS number. The monosaccharide sugar in this molecule has been synthetically modified and fluorinated to yield the desired product. This complex carbohydrate has been custom synthesized for high purity and has undergone methylation and glycosylation reactions to achieve the desired modification. The final result of these modifications is a dimeric Lewis X hexasaccharide-APE-HSA, which will be used as an immunogen.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-1-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranoside is a glycosylated polysaccharide that has been modified by methylation and fluorination. It is synthesized from the monosaccharide D galactopyranose with a 2,3,4,6 tetra O acetyl group at the 1 position.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-6-O-(a-2-N-acetylneuraminyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl serine (GalNAc) is a synthetic carbohydrate that contains a biotin moiety. It is synthesized by the glycosylation of 2,3,4,6 tetraacetamido sugar with 2,3,4,6 tetraacetamido sugar and 1,2,3 octaacetamido sugar. The product can be modified with methyl or fluorine groups to make it more reactive in click chemistry. This product has been shown to have high purity and can be used in custom synthesis projects.</p>

<p>3,2'-Di-O-acetyl-3',4'-O-carbonyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-lactal is a fluorinated oligosaccharide that is custom synthesized for glycosylation and polysaccharide modifications. This product has been shown to be resistant to degradation by enzymes, including aminoglycosides, beta-lactam antibiotics, and penicillin. 3,2'-Di-O-acetyl-3',4'-O-carbonyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl--lactal is a high purity product with CAS number 207787 - 39 - 0.</p>

<p>N-Diphenylmethylene-O-(2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-hepta-O-acetyl-b-D-lactosyl)-L-serine, benzyl ester is a complex carbohydrate that is used for the modification of saccharides. This compound has been synthesized using Click chemistry and NMR spectroscopy. It has a CAS number of 337903-59-0 and is an off white solid with a melting point of 155°C to 158°C.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-b-D-glucopyranoside is a suppressor of genes that has been shown to be active in the treatment of leukemia. It suppresses transcription by inhibiting histone H3 acetylation and DNA replication by binding to the dna replication complex at sites of replication. The suppression of genes may be due to its ability to inhibit translation by blocking signal sequences and hybridization with complementary mRNA.</p>

<p>Quantification of a-D-glucopyranoside-b-D-fructofuranosyl octadecanoate is possible by real-time PCR. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is used to detect the presence or absence of DNA or RNA. This process starts with the enzyme DNA polymerase and deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates, which use a primer sequence to synthesize complementary strands of DNA from the template. The resulting double stranded DNA molecule is then heated to separate the two strands, and one strand is used as a template for the next cycle of synthesis. Real-time PCR is an analytical technique that permits quantification in real time because it includes an internal control; this technique can also be used to measure gene expression levels in developmental processes. Quantitative results were obtained using real time PCR analysis on conidia and mycelium of pathogenic fungi.</p>

<p>Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is expressed in the brain and is involved in the development of myelin. This compound has been shown to inhibit the transfer of sulfate groups, which are essential for the synthesis of GAGs. Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine inhibits transglycosylation reactions, which is a process by which sugar moieties are transferred from one molecule to another. This inhibition results in decreased cross-coupling reactions and decreases the production of GAGs. Methyl b-N-acetyllactosamine has been shown to have potent inhibitory properties against sulfonylating enzymes, such as regiospecifically catalyzed sulfonylation and transglycosylation. It also has been shown to inhibit the transition state in an enzymatic reaction involving triazoles.</p>

<p>The 6-O-[2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-D-galactopyranose is a disaccharide carbohydrate that can be found in the blood group H. This particular carbohydrate is an example of a sialic acid, which plays an important role in the immune system and other biological processes. Lectins are proteins that bind to carbohydrates and are often used as probes to study glycan structures. Lectin binding assays have been used to characterize this molecule as well as oligosaccharides, glycans, and biohazards.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3-O-(methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-a-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonate)-2,6 -di--Obenzyl b--D--galactopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate. This compound has been custom synthesized for research purposes. The chemical structure of this compound is a methylated oligosaccharide with the following modifications: click modification and fluorination.</p>

<p>Hyaluronate fluorescein is a synthetic, high purity complex carbohydrate with a molecular weight of 1500kDa. It is a modification of the naturally occurring polysaccharide hyaluronan. It is composed of repeating units of the monosaccharide D-glucuronic acid and the disaccharide N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Hyaluronate fluorescein is synthesized by methylation and glycosylation of D-glucuronic acid, followed by fluorination to produce the fluorinated saccharide hexafluoro-D-glucuronic acid, which reacts with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in an amidation reaction. The product can then be modified to produce hyaluronate fluorescein.</p>

<p>Man-6 N-Glycan is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is also classified as a polysaccharide and carbohydrate. The glycosylation of this product involves the addition of a sugar to the glycan, which is then modified by methylation or fluorination. This product has been shown to be stable in a buffer solution at pH 7 and can be used for click chemistry. The purity is high with no detectable impurities.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthetic product. It is a complex carbohydrate made of an oligosaccharide and polysaccharide. This product is modified with saccharide and methylation. Methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy 3 O-(2,3,4,6 tetra -O acetyl b -D galactopyranosyl) a D glucopyranoside has CAS number 62998 28 1 and its purity level is high. The fluorination of this compound provides it with an additional feature of being water soluble. The synthesis of this product involves the use of the sugar in order to produce glycosylations.</p>

<p>The major gel forming component in agar, agarose, consists of a linear chain of sequences of 1,3 linked β-D-galactopyranosyl units and 1,4 linkages to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranosyl units. Gelation is done via the formation of double helices (Arnott, 1974). Agar's properties are similar to gelatin as it is primarily used as a plating gel for microbial cultures (Lahaye, 1991). However, agar is a good substitute for animal-based gelatin in vegetarian foods and is easy to use in food gels in a similar way to the carrageenans. Common food applications of agar include: puddings, custards, and soft candies. Agar improves the texture of processed cheese and frozen desserts, and is also added to baked goods to inhibit staling. A creative food application uses agar-based gel cubes that are infused with fruit extract or wine to make a vegetable-based aspic (Armisén, 2009).<br>Agar contains two polysaccharides Agarobiose and Agaropectin. Both Gelidium latifolium and Gelidium amansii are sources of both Agar and Agarose. The images were kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.<br>Agaropectin<br>Agaropectin is a sulphated non-gelling galactan comprising about 30% of Agar. Half ester sulphate is present in varying amounts plus D-glucuronic acid and small amounts of pyruvic acid. As with Agarose the main chain has alternating residues of D-galactose and L-galactose heavily modified with acidic side-groups which are usually sulfate, glucuronate, and pyruvate. Pyruvic acid is possibly attached in an acetal form to the D-galactose residues of the agarobiose skeleton. No formal structure of Agaropectin appears to have been published.<br>Agarose<br>Agarose is a linear gelling polysaccharide of (1-3) linked β-D-galactopyranose residues linked to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranose via 1-4 bonds. Agar contains about 60% Agarose.</p>

<p>Tetradecasaccharide dp14 is a custom-synthesized, fluorinated, methylated, and modified saccharide. Tetradecasaccharide dp14 has been shown to have a variety of biological activities that are dependent on the type of modification. For example, this compound inhibits the enzyme alpha-glucosidase in vitro and in vivo. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars. Tetradecasaccharide dp14 also has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as an antifungal agent against Candida albicans.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-4,6-O-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-a-D-galactopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide with a polysaccharide. It is a fluorinated complex carbohydrate that has been modified for high purity. Methyl 2 acetamido 3 O (2,3,4,6 tetra O acetyl b D galactopyranosyl) 2 deoxy 4,6 O (4 methoxybenzylidene) a D galactopyranoside is composed of monosaccharides and sugar.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-{4-O-[2,4-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-Ac-2-PhthN -bDGlc)-3,6-di-O-(3,4,6,-tri-OAc)aDMan]-bDMan} 3,6 di O-(3,4,6,-tri Ac) a D Man] 2 PhthN b D Glc} 6 O (tri Ac) a L Fuc} 2 PhthN b D Glc} 3 O Bn 6 O (tri Ac) a L Fuc} 2 PhthN b D Glc} is an oligosaccharide. It is custom synthesized to include methylation and glycosylation modifications. This product is for use in research only and should not be used in humans.</p>

<p>Sialyl-Lea-APD-HSA is a methylated, saccharide polysaccharide that has been modified with Click chemistry. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been synthesized by glycosylation and fluorination. The CAS number for this product is 123456-78-9. This product can be custom synthesized to order in high purity and with high quality.</p>

<p>Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is used as a model for the longum subsp. of human milk oligosaccharides. The Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I oligosaccharide was synthesized from sucrose and alpha-(1,2)-fucopyranosyl chloride, which were then reacted with para-nitrophenyl bromide (PNP). This product has been shown to inhibit the growth of respiratory pathogens in vitro by binding to c-reactive protein. It also binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins and can act as an adjuvant for vaccines.</p>

<p>Ganglioside GM3NeuGc (sodium salt) has a core disaccharide structure (Galβ1,4Glc) with N-glycolyl sialic acid linked α2,3 to the galactose residue, and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GM3(NeuGc) ganglioside is of interest due to its restrictive expression in normal human tissues, according to immunohistochemical studies, using either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. However, both immunohistochemical and biochemical methods have strongly suggested its over-expression in human breast tumours (Oliva, 2006). It is seen as a possible tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen for cancer immunotherapy (Changping, 2019).</p>

<p>Heparin derived dp24 saccharide ammonium salt is a complex carbohydrate and a saccharide. It is used for the modification of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The compound has been shown to reduce blood coagulation by preventing the binding of calcium ions to thrombin, which then blocks the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Heparin derived dp24 saccharide ammonium salt has high purity and can be custom synthesized with high quality. The compound is also methylated, glycosylated, or click-modified.</p>

<p>Globotriose conjugated to human serum albumin (HSA)</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified by fluorination, saccharide modification, and methylation. This product is synthetically produced and can be custom synthesized to meet your specifications. It has a high purity level of 99% with a monosaccharide content of 97%.</p>

<p>Hydroxyvarenicline N-oxide is a drug product with a purity of 98.0%. It is an analytical standard used in metabolism studies, drug development, and pharmacopoeia. It has been shown to be metabolized by CYP450 enzymes to form its metabolite hydroxyvarenicline N-oxide sulfate. The CAS number for this compound is 2306217-11-6.</p>

<p>Globo-N-tetraose conjugated to HSA with acetyl-phenylenediamine spacer</p>

<p>Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) is a glycolipid that has been shown to be an activator of the protein growth factor-β1. It is involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and may have potential as a biomarker for cancer. Gb3 is also a drug transporter and it has been shown to have long-term efficacy in the treatment of sarcoidosis. Gb3 has been found in high concentrations in patients with HIV infection, suggesting that it may play a role in HIV replication. Studies have also shown that Gb3 may be involved in cardiac pathology and its structural analysis can help in understanding its function. Symptoms or conditions associated with elevated levels of globotriaosylceramide include: <br>• Carcinoma<br>• Cardiac disease<br>• Infectious diseases<br>• HIV infection</p>

<p>Hepta-O-acetyl-b-Lactosyl-N-Fmoc-L-threonine is a substance that can be used for the diagnosis of radiation exposure. It is a liquid that is injected into the body, where it accumulates in tissues such as bone marrow. The presence of Hepta-O-acetyl-b-Lactosyl-N-Fmoc-L-threonine in bone marrow cells can be detected using an imaging technique called balloon injury. This liquid also has synergistic effects with radiation and may be useful for the treatment of diseases such as thrombolysis.</p>

<p>Blood group B trisacchharide-APE-HSA is a synthetic carbohydrate that inhibits the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. The methylation of saccharides and polysaccharides can be accomplished by the addition of an amine to the 3′ hydroxyl group. In this reaction, the sugar is attached to a protein carrier (e.g., human serum albumin) via an amide bond, which prevents its degradation by proteases in the body. The modification of saccharides and polysaccharides is also accomplished through click chemistry, which is based on copper catalysis. This process involves attaching two functional groups through a copper-mediated reaction, forming a new carbon-carbon bond. Modification of saccharides and oligosaccharides can be accomplished using either chemical or enzymatic methods. Sugar modification can be achieved using high purity enzymes that have been custom synthesized for specific purposes (e.g., glycosylation). Carbohydrate modification can</p>

<p>3-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-galactose is a synthetic compound that is synthesized by the reaction of 3,4,6-trihydroxypyranose with trifluoroacetic anhydride. The product can be purified to the desired level of purity using preparative HPLC or recrystallization. The CAS number for this compound is 97096-73-6.END&gt;</p>

<p>Intermediate in the development of anti-cancer vaccines</p>

<p>Sialyl-Lex-hexa-APD-HSA is a high purity synthetic glycosylation that is custom synthesized. It has been modified with fluorination, methylation, and click modification. Sialyl-Lex-hexa-APD-HSA can be used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and is available in CAS Number: 75869-57-3.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-[3-O-(methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-a-D-galacto--2--nonulopyranosylonate)-2,6--di -O--benzyl b D galactopyranosyl]-2,3,6--tri -O benzyl b D glucopyranoside is a glycosylation product of the monosaccharide 4 methoxyphenol and 4 O-[3 O methyl 5 acetamido 4 7 8 9 tetra O acetyl 3 5 dideoxy D glycero 2 a D galacto 2 nonulopyranosylonate] 2 6 di O benzyl b D galactopyranoside. It has been modified by fluorination at the C1</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of saccharides. It is a member of the class of oligosaccharides and has a CAS number of 60831-31-4. This compound is synthesized from benzyl 2,3,4,6 tetra acetyl b D galactopyranoside in which a sugar molecule has been added to the end of the chain. Benzyl 2 acetamido 2 deoxy 3 O (2,3,4,6 tetra O acetyl b D galactopyranosyl) a D glucopyranoside is also known as 2 alpha -D glucopyranose or α -D glucopyranose. This</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-[6-O-(methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-b-D-galacto 2 nonulopyranosylonate)-2,3 -di -O -benzyl b D galactopyranosyl]-2,3,6 -tri -O benzyl b D glucopyranoside is a modification of a sugar molecule. It is an oligosaccharide that belongs to the category of complex carbohydrates. The sugar is synthesized from monosaccharides and polysaccharides. The chemical name for the sugar is 4 methoxyphenyl 4 O-[6 O (methyl 5 acetamido 4 7 8 9 tetra O acetyl 3 5 dideoxy D glycero b D galacto 2 nonul</p>

<p>Chitotetraose tetradecaacetate is a condensation product of chitin and sephadex, which is synthesized from chitin and sodium chloride. It is an acetolysis substrate that has a sensitivity of 3.2 ug/ml in the fluorometric assay. Chitotetraose tetradecaacetate also exhibits high sensitivity to micrococcus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.3 ug/ml.</p>

<p>3,6-Di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-mannopyranosylethylidyne)-1,2-O-ethylidene-b-D-mannopyranose is a synthetic glycoside that is used as an intermediate in the production of other compounds. It has been modified with fluorine to give it increased stability. This product is also known as 3,6:3',4',6'-di(1,2:1') ethylidene-.beta.-D-.mannopyranose and has CAS number 230963–26–5.</p>

<p>This is a custom synthesis for a polysaccharide. The CAS number is not available. It is a complex carbohydrate that contains an oligosaccharide. This polysaccharide has been modified with methylation and glycosylation, as well as click modification. It can be fluorinated to increase the purity. It is a sugar with high purity.</p>

<p>8-Methoxycarbonyl-3-benzyl-3',4',6',6-tetra-O-acetyl-N,N'-diacetyl b-chitobioside is a synthetic product that belongs to the class of glycosides. This compound has been modified by the incorporation of methyl and fluorine atoms. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides for use in biotechnology research.</p>

<p>Hyaluronate rhodamine is a synthetic, high-purity, fluorinated, hydrophilic oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate with a molecular weight of 1500kDa and a very low viscosity. Hyaluronate rhodamine has been modified to include Click chemistry that provides the potential for site-specific modification on the sugar backbone. The fluorination process can be customized to produce the desired degree of substitution (DS) and functionalization for specific applications. This product has been glycosylated and polysaccharide modified to create an oligosaccharide that is suitable for use in therapeutic and diagnostic applications.</p>

<p>3,2'-Di-O-acetyl-3',4'-O-carbonyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl lactal is a custom synthesis of a fluorinated carbohydrate. It is a modification of an oligosaccharide and can be used in the synthesis of saccharides and polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 163228-35-1. This compound has been modified with click chemistry to add methyl groups to the hydroxyl group on the sugar ring. This compound has been used as a monosaccharide or as a part of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>NA2FB N-Glycan is a custom synthesis that is prepared on a glycosylation scale. The monosaccharide units are linked by alpha-1,6 or alpha-1,3 glycosidic bonds to form a linear chain. The saccharides are attached to each other via the formation of beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds. NA2FB N-Glycan has a high purity and modification. It is available in various forms such as oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, saccharide and carbohydrate. This product can be used for research purposes or as raw material in the production of medicine.</p>

<p>This is a custom synthesized, high purity and complex carbohydrate. The synthesis process involves the following steps: 1) Acetylation of a monosaccharide, 2) Fluorination, 3) Methylation, 4) Oligosaccharide formation, 5) Polysaccharide formation with glycosylation and 6) Click modification. <br>Benzyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-D-galactopyranose is an oligosaccharide that has been modified by methylation and click chemistry. It has CAS No. 77562-20-0 and can be used as a sugar in various applications.</p>

<p>Food additive; soil suspension polymer in detergents; thickening agent</p>

<p>4-Pentenyl 2,4-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6-di-O-benzyl a D mannopyranoside is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the modification of 2,4 di O-(3,4,6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranosyl) 3 6 di O benzyl a D mannopyranoside. It is a complex carbohydrate and has the CAS number 59061–68–0. It is soluble in water and has a molecular weight of 1,000. The molecular formula is C22H34N2O11. The structure of this compound consists of two monosaccharides: 4 pentenyl (C5H10) and 2</p>

<p>Hyaluronate fluorescein is a large molecular weight, high-molecular weight, high-purity, highly modified carbohydrate. It is a synthetic oligosaccharide that has been chemically modified with methylation and saccharide. Hyaluronate fluorescein is synthesized using Click chemistry to add a fluorescent tag at the reducing end of the molecule. This product can be used for custom synthesis and glycosylation. Hyaluronate fluorescein is available in various sizes including 250kDa.</p>

<p>Benzyl 3-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a monosaccharide that is used in the synthesis of glycosylated proteins and peptides. It is a complex carbohydrate with an Oligosaccharide chain. This product has been fluorinated and custom synthesized to be high purity and available for immediate shipping.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate that has been modified with methylation and glycosylation. It is an oligosaccharide that is found in human serum albumin. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA has been shown to have antitumor activity. It also inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are enzymes that maintain the integrity of bacterial DNA. This compound binds to two sites on the 16S ribosomal RNA of bacteria and can inhibit protein synthesis, leading to cell death by inhibiting production of proteins vital for cell division. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-APD-HSA has undergone fluorination and click modification.<br>Methylation: A process whereby a methyl group (-CH3) is added to an organic molecule via a chemical</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-3,4-di-O-acetyl-6-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-aDglucopyranosyl)-2deoxy-. D.galactopyranoside (BzAGDP) is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the group of oligosaccharides. It is an important component of glycoproteins and glycolipids in the cell membrane. BzAGDP has been synthesized by custom synthesis and has high purity with a CAS number of 80612-95-5. The chemical name for BzAGDP is benzyl 2 acetamido 3,4 di O acetyl 6 O (2,3 4 6 tetra O acetyl a D glucopyranosyl) 2 deoxy-. D galactopyranoside. The molecular formula is C21H32O7 and the molecular weight</p>

<p>Hyaluronate biotin is a custom synthesis of 750kDa. It has been modified with fluorination, methylation and click modification. This product is a glycosylation of saccharide, which is a carbohydrate that can be found in many foods and is used as a sweetener. The saccharides are complex carbohydrates that consist of long chains of monosaccharides or simple sugars. Click modification is the process by which a small molecule, usually an azide group or nitrenium ion, reacts with an electron-deficient alkyne group to produce a new covalent bond without breaking either existing bond.</p>

<p>Benzyl 4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,3-di-0benzyl 6-O-benzoyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate that belongs to the class of oligosaccharides. It has been modified by fluorination and methylation. This compound is also glycosylated and click modified.</p>

<p>5-O-(5-Amino-5-deoxy-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-1-N-[(S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutanoyl]paromamine is a Glycosylation agent that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It can be used for Click modification, fluorination, saccharide, modification, sugar, and oligosaccharide synthesis. This product is CAS No. 51417-97-9 and has purity &gt;99% (HPLC).</p>

<p>An antioxidant used in food and feeds, produced from starch, using enzymes</p>

<p>This is a custom synthesis of 1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-azido-2-deoxy--aDglucopyranose. This product is a synthetic oligosaccharide that has been modified to contain fluorine atoms at the C1 and C6 positions. It has a CAS number of 5243787 and is available in high purity. It is also an Oligosaccharide and Polysaccharide.</p>

<p>Sambubiose is a flavonol glycoside that is found in the lacrimal gland of rabbits. It has been used as a dietary supplement and is said to be synthesized by hydrolysis of the starch-bound glucose disaccharides, maltose and maltotriose. Sambubiose is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, which may be due to its low solubility in water and acidic pH. It is also poorly absorbed because it contains a glycosidic bond and a non-reducing terminal sugar group. Sambubiose can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5 ppm for the methylene protons from the OH group of the glycosidic bond. The chemical shift at 2.7 ppm corresponds to the methylene protons from the hydroxyl group on malonic acid (a component of sambubiose).</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-4-O-(2,6-di-O-benzyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that belongs to the class of complex carbohydrate. It has been modified by methylation and glycosylation. This product is a fluorinated saccharide and has been synthesized using click chemistry. The purity of this product is high.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-GEL is a synthetic monosaccharide that is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III-GEL is synthesized from fructose, which is methylated with chloromethylated N,N'-diacetylchitobiose as the methylating agent and sodium methoxide as the catalyst. The resulting glycoconjugate is then treated with hydrofluoric acid to introduce fluorine atoms into the carbohydrate backbone.</p>

<p>Monofucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose II is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of modified carbohydrates. This molecule is a monosaccharide with a chemical modification that has not been reported before. The modification is methylation of the hydroxyl group at position C1 and glycosylation of the hydroxyl groups at positions C2 and C3. Monofucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose II has shown high purity and can be custom synthesized to meet your needs. It can also be used for click chemistry, which allows for chemists to create new molecules by adding different functional groups to existing molecules.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a modified sugar that can be used for synthesis of saccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. This product has been custom synthesized to be a high purity compound with CAS No. 130234-66-1. It has been fluorinated and is available in the glycosylation form.</p>

<p>Lewis A trisaccharide methyl glycoside tetrabenzylether is a synthetic glycosylated oligosaccharide. It is a custom synthesis product that can be modified to the customer's specifications. The modification reaction yields a high-purity, complex carbohydrate with a saccharide content of 95%. This product is soluble in DMSO and DMF and is stable at pH 3-11.</p>

<p>Methylation, Custom synthesis, Click modification, CAS No., Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide, saccharide, Carbohydrate, Fluorination, complex carbohydrate, High purity, Modification. Monosaccharide sugar. Synthetic.<br>2-Anhydro-4-O-(a-L-idopyranosyluronic acid 2-sulfate)-D-mannofuranose 6-sulfate trisodium salt is a methylated and modified form of D-mannose. It is a monosaccharide with a molecular weight of 376.34 and a CAS number of 64459-77-5. This product can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides or polysaccharides as well as in the production of high purity mannose derivatives with modified linkages.</p>

<p>a1-3,a1-6-Mannotriose-BSA is a carbohydrate that is synthesized by the modification of maltotriose with a fluorinated alcohol. It is an oligosaccharide made up of three glucose units linked together in a 1,3 configuration and one glucose unit linked together in a 1,6 configuration. The molecular weight of this carbohydrate is 793 Daltons. This product has been shown to be high purity and custom synthesis for use in research.</p>

<p>O-(Methyl b-d-glucopyranosyluronate)-(1,3)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose HCl is a synthetic monosaccharide with a molecular weight of 338.18 g/mol. It has very high purity and can be custom synthesized to suit customer needs. This product is used in glycosylation reactions and as a sugar donor in click chemistry reactions.</p>

<p>Methylation of 4-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,2-ethylidene bDmannopyranosyl)-1,2-ethylidene bDmannopyranose with methyl iodide and potassium carbonate in the presence of sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of 4-O-acetyl 3,6 di O-(3,4,6 tri O acetyl 1 , 2 ethylene b D mannopyranosyl)-1 , 2 ethylene b D mannopyranose. This compound is a polysaccharide that is similar to cellulose. It is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>NGA2 Glycan, 2-AB labelled is a complex carbohydrate that is custom synthesized for research purposes. It is a high purity, high quality product that has been fluorinated and glycosylated. NGA2 Glycan, 2-AB labelled is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product can be used for glycosylation, methylation and click modification.</p>

<p>2,3,2',3',4',6'-Hexa-O-acetyl-1,6-anhydro-b-D-maltose (HAP) is a custom synthesis that can be modified with fluorination, methylation, and monosaccharide. HAP is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is glycosylated and has a saccharide and sugar. HAP has the CAS No. 28868-67-9. This product can be used as an additive in food production or as a pharmaceutical agent.</p>

<p>3-O-Benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl b benzylidene 4,6-O-(2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl)-a D glucopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate with a molecular weight of 1.097 grams per mole. It has been synthesized by the modification of the sugar unit with methylation and glycosylation to yield 3-O-(2,3,4,6 tetraacetyl)-b benzylidene 4,6 O-(2,3,4 6 tetra acetyl) a D glucopyranoside. The carbohydrate is then modified with fluorination to yield 3-O-(2 3 4 6 tetraacetyl)-b benzylidene 4 6 O-(2 3 4 6 tetra acetyl) a D glucopyranoside. This product is offered at high purity and custom synthesis</p>

<p>Lewis Y tetrasaccharide-APE-HSA is a synthetic, high purity glycosylated oligosaccharide. It is composed of a Lewis Y tetrasaccharide linked to an APE peptide and HSA. The Lewis Y tetrasaccharide has been custom synthesized with click modification and fluorination. The APE peptide has been modified with glycosylation and methylation. The HSA has been modified with glycosylation, methylation, and acetylation. The oligosaccharide was synthesized using the solid phase method on a CEM Liberty Star Column. This glycoconjugate is CAS No., which can be found at Pubchem CID: 10609300.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllacto-N-biose is a regiospecific, biochemically defined carbohydrate. It is a component of the glycan chains that are present on the surface of cell membranes. Lacto-n-biose has been shown to have inhibitory activity against the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex bacteria.</p>

<p>2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-a-D-lactosyl fluoride (HAP) is a synthetic compound that has been modified with fluorine and methyl groups. It is a monosaccharide with a glycosylation pattern that includes a terminal glucose unit. HAP has been shown to be an effective carbohydrate in the synthesis of complex carbohydrate structures.</p>

<p>Sulpho Lewisx Na is a high purity, custom synthesized sugar that has been modified using a click chemistry reaction. It has been fluorinated and glycosylated to produce a complex carbohydrate. Sulpho Lewisx Na is a synthetic oligosaccharide produced with the intention of mimicking the structure of Lewisx in order to study its properties. The CAS number for this compound is 2641-19-2 and it can be found under the name Oligosaccharide, Monosaccharide, saccharide, Carbohydrate on Pubchem CID 1039264.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-benzyl-6-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-(2,3,4,6,-tetra-O-(2′,3′,4′,-triacetyl)benzoyl) -2′ deoxy -2′ phthalimido -bD glucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is a modification of the natural product Dioscorea polysaccharides that has been modified by an acetylation reaction with 2,3,4 triacetylbenzoic acid and then further modified by a benzoylation reaction with methyl 3 tosylate. Methyl 3 O benzyl 6 O (2 3 4 tri O benzyl a L fucopyranosyl) 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b</p>

<p>GlcNPhth[346Ac]b(1-3)Gal[246Bn]-b-MP is a complex carbohydrate that is derivatized with methyl, click, and fluorination. It has been modified with saccharides, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides to create a custom synthesis. This product is available for purchase at the desired purity level. GlcNPhth[346Ac]b(1-3)Gal[246Bn]-b-MP is Glycosylated, Methylated, Clicked, Polysaccharide Fluorinated Saccharide Modified with Oligosaccharide Synthetic CAS No Monosaccharide Custom Synthesis High Purity.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl is an Oligosaccharide. It is a polysaccharide that consists of a mixture of different sugars including monosaccharides and disaccharides. 2 Acetamido 3 O-(2,3,4,6 tetra O acetyl b D galactopyranosyl) 4,6 di O acetyl 2 deoxy a D galactopyranosyl Fmoc L serine is used in the synthesis of various saccharides and carbohydrates. The chemical name for this compound is Methylation Custom synthesis Click modification CAS No 125760 30 7. The molecular weight for this compound is 548. The</p>

<p>6-O-Benzoyl-1,2,3-tri-O-benzyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a -D-galactopyranosyl)-b -D -galactopyranoside is an oligosaccharide that has been custom synthesized by our company. It is a complex carbohydrate with a molecular weight of 1,216. The CAS number for this product is 105838-36-5. This product also has a high degree of purity and can be used in Click modification and Modification reactions. 6 O Benzoyl 1 2 3 tri O benzyl 4 O</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-6-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a synthetic sugar. It is a monosaccharide that is synthesized from 2,3,4,6 tetraacetyl b D glucopyranosyl b D glucose and triethylene glycol. This compound can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Chondroitin sulphate hexasaccharide ammonium salt is a synthetic glycoconjugate that is used as a drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint diseases. It is a complex carbohydrate consisting of glucuronic acid, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and sulfate residues. Chondroitin sulphate hexasaccharide ammonium salt has high purity and can be custom synthesized to your specifications. This product is methylated with an acetyl group at carbon 6. The monosaccharides are modified by glycosylation with glucose or mannose residues. Chondroitin sulphate hexasaccharide ammonium salt has been click-modified to include a carboxylic acid moiety on the primary amine group at carbon 2 and an amino group on the terminal amino group at carbon 3.</p>