Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Impurity Cytarabine EP Impurity A
Applications Antiviral agent. Used for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
References Weber, G., et al.: Cancer Res., 43, 3466 (1983), Broet, P., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 19, 2778 (2001), Galmarini, C., et al.: Leukemia, 15, 875 (2001), Barth, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 64, 6287 (2004), Song, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 489 (2004),

Stability Unstable in Solution
Applications Methyl p-toluate is an impurity of 3-Toluoyl Decitabine (T536260), which is an intermediate of decitabine (A796950 for β-Decitabine). It is used as cancer treatment, in particular to inhibit the growth of pancreatic endocrine tumor cell lines.
References Deng, T., et al.: Life Sci., 84, 311 (2009), Horne, H., et al.: Mol. Cancer Res., 7, 199 (2009), Zinner, R., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 8, 521 (2009),

Impurity Aciclovir EP Impurity J
Applications O-(Guanin-9-yl)methyl Acyclovir (Aciclovir EP Impurity J) is a dimer impurity of the antiviral agent Acyclovir (A192400).
References Ashton, D.S. et al.: J. Chrom. A, 707, 367 (1995);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Adenine Hemisulfate can be one of the factors that influence in vitro growth and shoot multiplication of pomegranate. It can be used in biological study along with varied levels of sucrose, light intensity, and MS medium hydrogen ion concentration where those factors can all significantly influence multiplication and growth of Punica granatum shoots.
References Singh, P., & Patel, R., M.: Bioscan, 9, 1031-1035 (2014)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Labelled Biopterin. A pteridine widely distributed in nature; naturally occurring as the L-erythro-form. Considered as a growth factor for some insects. Fluoresces with a blue color in alkaline solution.
References Klatt, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 13861 (1994), Mitnaul, L., et al.: Biochemistry, 92, 885 (1995), Thony, B., et al.: Biochem. J., 347, 1 (2000),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Has neuroprotective properties improving axonal wiring. Has been used to treat stroke patients to restore neural function. Neuroprotective product.
References Vandemeulebroucke, A., et al.: Biochem., 49, 8999 (2010), Nestor, G., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 10799 (2010),

Applications Nootropic. Analog of Piracetam with psychostimulant activity.
References Son, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 36, 657 (2004), Hlinak, Z., et al.: Behaviour. Brain Res., 161, 213 (2005),

Impurity Dapagliflozin Impurity
Applications Ent-α-C Dapagliflozin is an enantiomer of Dapagliflozin (D185370), a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.
References Kasichayanula, S. et al.: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 13, 47 (2011)

Impurity Azacitidine USP Related Compound C
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 1-(Diaminomethylene)-3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-urea Picrate is a related compound of Azacitidine, a DNA metnyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor for treating myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
References Rajendiran, C., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2012135405 A1 20121004 (2012); Ziemba, A., et al.: Chemother Res Pract 965826, 9 (2011); Beisler, J. A., et al.: J. Carbohyd. Chem 4, 281 (1977)

Impurity Valaciclovir EP Impurity M
Applications N-Formyl Valacyclovir (Valaciclovir EP Impurity M) Valacyclovir (V085000) impurity.
References Furman, P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 20, 518 (1981),

Impurity USP Capecitabine Related Compound B
Applications 5’-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine is a metabolite of the chemotherapeutic agent Capecitabine (C175650). 5’-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine is an antitumor agent efficient in tumors, cell lines or in fibroblasts tranformed by H-ras or trk oncogenes.
References Ingle, J., et al.: Cancer, 67, 886 (1991); Harvey, J., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 17, 1474 (1999); Asai-Sato, M., et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 115, 539 (2005); Rastelli, F., et al.: Tumori, 94, 370 (2008);

Applications Acetyl Vitamin B12 is a derivative of Vitamin B12 (V676020). Vitamin B12 gets converted by the body into its bioactive forms, methylcobalamin and cobamamide, which serve as enzyme cofactors. Severe deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia and/or neurological impairment.
References Rickes, et al.: Science, 107, 396 (1948); Kirschbaum, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 183 (1981); Grasbeck, R., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 17, 99 (1984)

Applications Labelled 5-FU, a potent antineoplastic agent in clinical use. Also an inhibitor of DNA synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Rudy, B.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 2, 221 (1973), Miyashita, O., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 29, 3181 (1981), Hansen, R.M., et al.: Cancer Invest., 9, 637 (1991),

Impurity Capecitabine EP Impurity F/ USP Capecitabine Related Compound C
Applications Capecitabine-2',3'-cyclic Carbonate (Capecitabine EP Impurity F) is a capecitabine related compound C is an impurity in Capecitabine (C175650), an antineoplastic agent. Capecitabine is a prodrug of Doxifluridine (D556750).
References Muss, H., et al.: New Eng. J. Med., 360, 2055 (2009), Takahashi, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 37, 956 (2009), Saltz, L., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 27, 653 (2009), Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 187, 84 (2009),

Applications An impurity of Emtricitabine synthesis.