Sulfonamides and Derivatives

<p>Aceclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that belongs to the propionic acid derivative group. It is used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain and inflammation, such as arthritis. Aceclofenac is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the small intestine, resulting in the release of aceclofenac acid. Aceclofenac benzyl ester is a chemical intermediate that has been shown to be an efficient method for producing aceclofenac acid. It can be obtained by reacting bromoacetic anhydride with methyl alcohol and then hydrolyzing the product with strong acids. This compound may contain impurities, such as nucleophilic impurities, which can lead to side effects.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-sulfinobenzoate (MSB) is an analytical, research and development, and drug development impurity that is used as an API impurity and HPLC standard. It is a metabolite of sulfadiazine, which belongs to the family of drugs known as sulfonamides. MSB has been shown to have pharmacopoeia activity for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is a natural product found in plants, such as garlic and onion, or it can be synthesized from benzene and sulfur chloride.</p>

<p>4-Hydroxy-N-2-pyridinyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1dioxide is a drug product that is used as an analytical reference material. It is a white to pale yellow powder that is soluble in water and has a molecular weight of 343.4 g/mol. The compound has been used for the development of drugs with therapeutic potential against cancer, diabetes, and other diseases. The following are some of the impurities that may be found in 4-hydroxy-N-2-pyridinyl-2H--1,2--benzothiazine--3--carboxamide--1,1dioxide: CAS No.: 65897 - 46 - 3 Molecular weight: 343.4 g/mol Melting point: Boiling point: Density: 1.7 g/cm</p>

<p>3-[4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl] sulfasalazine is an analytical standard and a metabolite of sulfasalazine. It is used as a reference compound in the analysis of high purity sulfasalazine by HPLC. 3-[4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl] sulfasalazine is also used as an impurity in the drug product, API, and drug development. The CAS number for 3-[4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl] sulfasalazine is 1391062-34-2.</p>

<p>4-Amino-6-chloro-benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid 1-amide 3-ethylamide is an analytical standard that is used in drug development and as a reference material. It is used to produce the USP/NF standard for HPLC and to develop new drugs. This compound is a metabolite of the drug clonidine hydrochloride. 4-Amino-6-chloro-benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid 1-amide 3-(ethylamide) is also known by its CAS number 166863–9. It has a molecular weight of 328.5 g/mol and it's been approved by the FDA for use in food animals. Impurities found in this compound are: methanol, acetone, formic acid, acetic acid, chloroform and sulfamic acid. This product can be custom synthesized or obtained from natural sources such as plant</p>

<p>Torasemide Impurity E is a drug product that belongs to the group of impurities. It is a natural product and can be found in the environment. Torasemide Impurity E has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth in vitro and also antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Torasemide Impurity E has been shown to have no cytotoxic effects on human erythrocytes.</p>

<p>2-[[4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]hydroxybenzene is an impurity found in sulfasalazine. It is a metabolite that is formed by the P450 system in the liver. The metabolic process of 2-[[4-(2-Pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]hydroxybenzene has been studied in detail and has been shown to be a major contributor to the pharmacokinetic profile of sulfasalazine. This substance also exhibits antimicrobial activity and inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.</p>

<p>Altizide is a thiazide diuretic. It is used to treat oedema and hypertension.</p>

<p>Mefruside is a diuretic indicated for the treatment of edema and hypertension.</p>

<p>Licogliflozin (LIK066) is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1 and SGLT2).</p>

<p>Pyroxasulfone is a pre-emergence herbicide that inhibits long-chain fatty acid production in plants.</p>

<p>Hydroflumethiazide is a thiazide diuretic. It has also shown the activity of anti-hypertensive.</p>

<p>Xipamide (Diurexan) is a sulfonamide-based diuretic with antihypertensive properties. Xipamide selectively inhibits anion exchanger.</p>

<p>3-Chloro-4-hydroxyacetanilide is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of acetanilides. It has long-term toxicity and is used as a drug substance in the production of aniline derivatives. 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyacetanilide has been shown to be carcinogenic in hamsters. The long term exposure to this chemical was shown to cause liver damage and increased incidence of tumours in rats. This drug also contains impurities and traces of chloride, chlorine, and thionyl chloride, which are toxic substances that can cause irritation or burns on contact with skin or eyes.</p>

<p>Foramsulfuron is a potent ALS inhibitor and herbicide that inhibits plant growth, primarily targeting grass and broadleaf weeds in corn fields.</p>

<p>Amtolmetin guacil (ST-679) 抑制前列腺素合成和环氧合酶。 Amtolmetin guacil 具有与托美汀类似的 NSAID 特性，具有额外的镇痛、解热和胃保护特性。</p>

<p>Vaborbactam (RPX7009) is a β-lactamase inhibitor that is often used in conjunction with meropenem to study pneumonia and CRE infections.</p>

<p>Brodimoprim is an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR).</p>

<p>Glibornuride is a blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ channel(pKi: 5.75).</p>

<p>Bromfenac Related Compound A is a chemical impurity, which is often encountered during the synthesis and formulation of bromfenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). This compound arises as a byproduct in the chemical synthetic pathway utilized in the production of bromfenac, necessitating stringent analytical methods to ensure product purity and compliance with pharmaceutical standards.The mode of action for Bromfenac Related Compound A itself is not typically characterized, as it is primarily the parent compound, bromfenac, that is pharmacologically active. Bromfenac works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) that mediate inflammatory processes. However, the related compound is investigated to understand the synthesis intricacies and to refine processes that limit its formation.Understanding and controlling the levels of Bromfenac Related Compound A is crucial in pharmaceutical applications, as the presence of impurities can affect the efficacy, safety, and overall quality of the drug product. Analytical chemists and pharmaceutical scientists study this compound extensively using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques to ensure drug safety and compliance with regulatory guidelines.</p>

<p>Tribenuron, a slow acting sulfonylurea herbicide, controls broadleaf weed.</p>