Fatty Acids and Lypidic Derivatives

<p>Applications A metabolite of Ezetimibe. Antilipemic.<br>References Shah, V., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 17, 1551 (2000), Van Heek, M., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 134, 409 (2001), Patrick, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 430 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Lubiprostone is a bicyclic fatty acid metabolite analog of Prostaglandin E1. It activates specific chloride channels in the gastrointestinal tract to stimulate intestinal fluid secretion, increase gastrointestinal transit, and improve symptoms of constipation.<br>References Farthing, M., et al.: Drugs, 56, 11 (1998), Pare, P., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 96, 3130 (2001), Sloots, C., et al.: Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 16, 759 (2002), Coremans, G., et al.: Digestion, 67, 82 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Bezafibrate EP Impurity D<br>Applications Bezafibrate Ethyl Ester is a derivative of Bezafibrate (B341000); an antilipemic.<br>References Zimmerman, R., et al.: Atherosclerosis 29, 477 (1978); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 539 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Obeticholic Acid Methyl Ester is a bile acid derivative useful in research.<br>References Pellicciari, R., et al.: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 50, 4265 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Octanoic Acid, is found naturally in the milk of various mammals. Its esters can be used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes. It is also an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer. Caprylic acid is also used in the treatment of some bacterial infections.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lide, D. R., et al.: CRC Handbook chem. Phys., 70th Ed. (1990); Beare-Rogers, J., et al.: Pue Appl. Chem., 73 (4), 685 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications An inactive metabolite/product of Thromboxane A2 (TBXA2): a compound involved in platelet activation and aggregation in case of a wound. Urinary analysis of TXB2 accurately reflects intrarenal TXA2 synthesis while measurement of 11-dehydro TBX2 (D230555) and 2,3-dinor thromboxane metabolites gives the best estimate of systemic TXA2 secretion.<br>References Needleman, P. et al.: Nature, 261, 558 (1976); Patrono, C. et al.: J Clin. Invest., 77, 590 (1986); Patrono, C. et al.: Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res., 11, 493 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite from endophytes of the medicinal plant Erythrina crista-galli.<br>References Stadler, M., et al.: Planta Med., 60, 128 (1994), Kopcke, B., et al.: Phytochemistry, 60, 709 (2002), Chu, M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 66, 1527 (2003), Weber, D., et al.: J. Antibiot., 57, 559 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Palmitoleic Acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid which contributes to reduced protein oxidation in mammals.<br>References Mendez, L. et al.: Free Rad. Biol. Med., 55, 8 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atorvastatin 2-Hydroxy Lactone<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br></p>

<p>Applications (1R,​3R)​-1-​(1,​3-​Benzodioxol-​5-​yl)​-​2,​3,​4,​9-​tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,​4-​b]​indole-​3-​carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is an impurity of Tadalafil (T004500) and is a β-​carboline derivative. (1R,​3R)​-1-​(1,​3-​Benzodioxol-​5-​yl)​-​2,​3,​4,​9-​tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,​4-​b]​indole-​3-​carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride can be used to produce Tadalafil.<br>References Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Slovenia: Eur. Pat. Appl., EP 2107059 A1 20091007 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate of Rosuvastatin (R700500).<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Bis(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)propane is a metaboolite of gemfibrozil (G305750). Gemfibrozil is a serum lipid regulating agent used as an antihyperlipoproteinemic.<br>References Kissebach, A.H., et al.: Atherosclerosis, 24, 199 (1976), Lewis, J.E., et al.: Pract. Cardiol., 9, 99 (1983), Rubins, H.B., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 341, 410 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Vardenafil Intermediate.<br>References Terrett, N.K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 1819, (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ontazolast is a leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor.<br>References Lazer, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 913 (1994); Hauss, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 164 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Pravastatin (P702000), a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase.<br>References Serizawa, N., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 604 (1983), White, H.D, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 343, 317 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications ω-Muricholic Acid is used in the regulation of weight gain and lipid metabolism by bacterial bile acid modification in gut for the control of obesity and hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Joyce, Susan A., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 7421 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tadalafil-13C2,d3 is labelled Tadalafil (T004500) which is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor.<br>References Carrier, S., et al.: Can. J. Urol., 10(1), 12 (2003), Doggrell, S.A., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 75 (2005), Forgue, S.T., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 61, 280 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Atorvastatin-d5 tert-Butyl Ester is the labeled analogue of Atorvastatin tert-Butyl Ester (A791740), an impurity arising in the synthesis of Atorvastatin (A791750), a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Kearney, A.S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 1461 (1993); Heinonen, T.M., et al.: Clin. Ther., 18, 853 (1996); Whitfield, L.R., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 25, 97 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hexadecyl-octadecanoic Acid is a branched saturated fatty acid.<br>References Gronowitz, S., et al.: Lipids, 28, 889 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications A related dimeric impurity of Sildenafil (S435000).<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfolithocholic Acid is an derivative of Lithocholic Acid (L469180), a cholic acid derivative and TGR5 modulator found in ox bile, human bile, rabbit bile, and in ox and pig gallstones.<br>References Kelsey, M. I., et al.: Chem. Carcinogen., 14, 205 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Simvastatin impurity.<br>References Vuletic, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 37, 715 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lomitapide is a drug used in the treatment of obesity and aids in lowering LDL cholesterol and overall cholesterol levels in subjects.<br>References Cuchel, M. et al.: Lancet., 381, 40 (2013); Stefanutti, C. et al.: Atherosclero. Suppl., 14, 19 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications S)-4-Phenyl-2-oxazolidinone is an intermediate for the synthesis and development for cholesterol absorption inhibitor AZD4121.<br>References Soloshonok, V.A., et al.: Tetrahedron. Lett., 46, 1107 (2005); Luo, Y., et al.: Chinese. Chem. Lett., 17, 1551 (2006); Karlsson, S., et al.: Org. Process.Res. Develop., 16, 586 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Misoprostol (M368750) impurity.<br>References Lee, H.K., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 73, 306 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholic Acid-24-13C (CAS# 52886-36-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications The N-oxide impurity of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Dapoxetine (D185700).<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-α-Lipoamide may be used in treatment of insulin resistance by stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. When used in combination with Alprostadil, it has shown to have a good therapeutic effect on early diabetic nephropathy.<br>References Shen, W., et al.: MCBU, 31, 93 (2012); Li, Z., et al.: Chongqing Yixue, 40, 2514 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications S-Desethylpiperidino S-[2-Carboxyl-2-oxo-ethyl-(2-aminoethyl)amino] Vardenafil is an impurity of Vardenafil (V098001, 2HCl); a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor.<br>References Bischoff, E., et al.: J. Urol., 165, 1316 (2001); Kim, N.N., et al.: Life Sci., 69, 2249 (2001); Kendirci, M., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 923 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Vildagliptin is an impurity of Vildagliptin (V305000). Vildagliptin is a DPP-​4 enzyme inhibitor, has anti-oxidant properties and used as an apoptotic agent on pancreatic cancer . Vildagliptin is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improve the endothelial function of patients.<br>References Amritha, C.A., et al.: J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 9, FC14 (2015); Cosenso-Martin, L.N., et al.: Diabetol. Metab. Syndr., 7, 70/1 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Ezetimibe (E975000), an antihyperlipoproteinemic. A Cholesterol absorption inhibitor.<br>References van Heek, M., at al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 283, 157 (1997), van Heek, M., at al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 129, 1748 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tadalafil EP Impurity A N-Desmethyl Impurity<br>Applications (6R,12aS)-N-Desmethyl Tadalafil (Tadalafil EP Impurity A N-Desmethyl Impurity) is an intermediate in the synthesis of novel potent arylated analogues of tadalafil (T004500).<br>References Beghyn, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 789 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phospho(enol)pyruvic Acid Monopotassium Salt is a reactant used in the preparation of substrate analogs of creatine kinase with anticancer activity.<br>References Bergnes, G., et. al.: Oncol. Res., 8, 121 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid-d5 Sodium Salt is the labelled version of Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt (T009025) which can be otained from 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810), a derivative of the bile acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid (C291900). 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) is a potent activator of the farnesoid X nuclear receptor which reduces liver fat and fibrosis in animal models of fatty liver disease.<br>References Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., et al.: Lancet., 385, 956 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic, Unstable in Solution<br>Applications A metabolite of Clofibric Acid.<br>References Ding, A., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 23, 369 (1995), Sallustio, B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 147, 459 (1997), Akira, K., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 457 (1998), Sallustio, B., et al.: Curr. Drug Metab., 1, 163 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Erucic acid is a long-chain alcohol that acts as an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation in the heart. Erucic acid originates in rapeseed plants, and is the major fatty acid constituent of rapeseed plant oil extracts and canola oil.<br>References Christophersen, B. &amp; Bremer, J.: BBA-Lipid. Lipid Met., 280, 506 (1972); Ecke, W., et al.: Theor. Appl. Gen., 91, 972 (1995); Metz, J., et al.: Plant Phys., 122, 635 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications An Atorvastatin (A791750) derivative which have improved stability.<br></p>

<p>Applications An isomeric impurity of Orlistat (O686500) with modulatory activity on endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol metabolism.<br>References Ortar, G. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 6970 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tadalafil Hydroxypiperidone, is an impurity of Tadalafil (T004500), a phosphodiesterase 5-inhibitor used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.<br>References Carrier, S., et al.: Can. J. Urol., 10(1), 12 (2003), Doggrell, S.A., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 75 (2005), Forgue, S.T., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 61, 280 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Impurity N<br>Applications 2-Methyl Simvastatin is an impurity of Simvastatin (S485000), a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase.<br>References Andelija, M., et. al.: J. Liq. Chromatogr. R. T., 32, 874 (2009); Hoffman, W.F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 849 (1986); Mol, M.J., et al.: Lancet, 2, 936 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acyl Glucuronide is a bile acid and steroid conjugate.<br>References Maekawa, M., et al.: Steroids, 80, 80 (2014); Goto, J., et al.: Steroids, 63, 180 (1998); Murao, N., et al.: Chromatography, 19, 276 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel C-11 epoxy fatty acid, from timothy chokes, stromata of E. typhina, has antifungal activity against Cladosporium herbarum.<br>References Koshino, H., et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 53, 2527 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt can be otained from 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) which is a derivative of the bile acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid (C291900). 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) is a potent activator of the farnesoid X nuclear receptor which reduces liver fat and fibrosis in animal models of fatty liver disease.<br>References Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., et al.: Lancet., 385, 956 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4’-Fluoroacetophenone is an intermediate used for the synthetic preparation of various pharmaceutical good and agricultural products.<br>References Xiao, Z.J., et al.: Chem. Eng. Sci., 84, 695 (2012); Vitale, P., et al.: Tetrahedron., 22, 1985 (2011); Kawano, S., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 75, 1055 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isoallolithocholic Acid is used as a steroid compound as T regulatory lymphocyte modulators and uses for treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune disorders.<br>References Littman, D. R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. 160pp. (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triphenylphosphine is used in the synthesis of Chlorambucil with cytotoxicity in breast and pancreatic cancers. Also used in the preparation of α-Tocopherol analogues for monitoring antioxidant status.<br>References Millard, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 9170 (2013); Krumova, K. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 17135 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tadalafil (T004500) derivative. Used in the preparation of pyrazinopyridoindole derivatives for their PDE5 inhibitory activity.<br>References Beghyn, T. et al.: Bioorgan. Med. Chem. Lett. 17, 789(2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Desmethyl analog of Rosuvastatin Lactone (R700550); an intermediate in the production of Rosuvastatin (R700500) derivatives.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labeled Lauric Acid which may be used in combination with drug loading to reduce side effects, such as irritation with clarithromycin.<br>References Liu, X. et al.: Int. J. Pharma., 443, 318 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Atorvastatin is a synthetic drug product. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, atorvastatin acid, in the body. Atorvastatin is used for lowering blood cholesterol levels in people with hypercholesterolemia and reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. This drug has been shown to reduce the number of deaths from coronary heart disease by 30% after five years of use. Atorvastatin also reduces the risk of stroke and fatal or non-fatal heart attack by 20%.</p>

<p>N-Formyl-D-leucine (1R)-1-[[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyl]methyl]dodecyl ester is a research and development impurity standard that can be custom synthesized for drug product development. It is an analytical standard for HPLC with high purity, pharmacopoeia, and drug development. It is a natural metabolite that has been studied as a niche metabolite in metabolism studies.</p>

<p>(3R,5S,6E)-7-[1-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acid sodium salt is an impurity standard for the drug product. It is a synthetic metabolite that binds to proteins and has been found in human urine. The chemical synthesis of (3R,5S,6E)-7-[1-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-6 heptenoic acid sodium salt was performed using a high purity custom synthesis and high purity pharmacopoeia grade reagents.</p>

<p>N-Formyl-L-leucine (1S)-1-[[(2R,3R)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyl] methyl] dodecyl ester is an impurity in the drug product. It can be used as a custom synthesis or natural standard and has been shown to have metabolites that are toxic to human cells. This impurity can be synthesized for HPLC analysis and research purposes.</p>

<p>Oxo Simvastatin is a synthetic drug product that belongs to the class of statins. It is used as a research and development impurity standard in pharmacopoeia, and as a high-purity analytical standard in niche applications. Oxo Simvastatin is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to form a variety of metabolites, including simvastatin acid, which can be measured using HPLC.</p>

<p>Pravastatin 6-oxo Impurity is an impurity of Pravastatin, a drug used in the treatment of high cholesterol. The impurity has been identified through analytical methods and is characterized by HPLC analysis. This substance has been shown to be present in at least 0.1% of the drug product and may be present as a result of incomplete synthesis or a side-reaction during synthesis.</p>

<p>4'-Acetyl simvastatin is a synthetic statin that inhibits cholesterol synthesis by competitively inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. The reaction yield of 4'-acetyl simvastatin is high, and it has been shown to be effective at a lower dose than other statins. Impurities are not detected in this drug, and it has a low toxicity profile. Some impurities may be formed during the synthesis process due to reactions with acid catalysts, esterases, or expressed chloride. Other impurities such as hydroxyanisole and amination reaction products can be found in this drug due to its manufacturing process, which includes methyl alcohol and chemoenzymatic reactions.</p>

<p>N-Formyl-D-leucine (1R)-1-[[(2R,3R)-3-Hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyl]methyl]dodecyl ester is a synthetic metabolite that is used as an impurity standard for the analysis of N-formylmetabolites in drugs. It is also used to study the metabolism of drugs. This product has been assigned CAS number 104872-27-7 and appears on the USP high purity&gt; list.</p>

<p>(3R,5R)-Pitavastatin Calcium Salt is a drug product that is used in the development of pharmaceuticals. It is a synthetic compound with an impurity standard and a metabolite impurity. The CAS number for this product is 254452-96-5. (3R,5R)-Pitavastatin Calcium Salt has been shown to be metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP2C8 enzymes, which may result in a decrease in potency or activity. This product also has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. (3R,5R)-Pitavastatin Calcium Salt was prepared by solid phase synthesis using a fluorous biphasic approach.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about (3S,4S,3’S)-Ezetimibe including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>iso-Gemfibrozil is a natural, synthetic drug product. It is an impurity standard for the pharmacopoeia and analytical standards for HPLC. iso-Gemfibrozil is metabolized in the liver to its active form, gemfibrozil. Impurities are not detected by HPLC and can be found in low levels in the API impurity standard. It has been used as a research and development candidate in clinical studies on atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.</p>

<p>(3R,5S,6E)-7-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-[methyl[(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)sulfonyl]amino]-5-pyrimidinyl]-3,5-dihydroxy- 6-heptenoic acid sodium salt is a synthetic drug product. It is an impurity standard in the synthesis of Metabolism studies. The CAS number is 1714147-50-8 and the chemical name is (3R,5S,6E)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-[methyl[(2-hydroxy-2 methylpropyl)sulfonyl]amino]-5-pyrimidinyl]-3,5dihydroxyheptenoic acid sodium salt. The molecular weight is 781</p>

<p>5-Oxo Rosuvastatin is a drug product that has been synthesized from natural ingredients. It is an analytical standard for the impurity, 5-oxo-rosuvastatin, which is a potential impurity in the API, rosuvastatin. This drug product has been custom synthesized in order to provide an Impurity Standard for HPLC. This drug product is also used as a Synthetic Reference Standard for Drug Development and Research and Development.</p>

<p>(3S,5R)-Atorvastatin calcium is an analytical standard for the drug atorvastatin. It has a purity of 99.9% and is manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the pharmacopoeia. The product is available as a white crystalline powder and is soluble in water, acetone, and ethanol. (3S,5R)-Atorvastatin calcium has been used in drug development and as an impurity standard for HPLC analysis. It also serves as a metabolite to characterize the production process of atorvastatin.</p>

<p>Simvastatin hydroxy acid methyl ester is a drug product that belongs to the group of statins. It is an impurity standard for synthetic simvastatin as well as a natural metabolite formed from simvastatin through oxidation and hydroxylation. This impurity is used in analytical and pharmacopoeia testing for simvastatin, and has been shown to inhibit the production of cholesterol by blocking the synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR).</p>

<p>(4-Chlorophenyl)[4-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl]methanone is a drug product that is Custom synthesized to meet the requirements of pharmacopoeia, analytical, and drug development. It has been studied for its metabolism and toxicity profile in animals. This compound is a metabolite of chlorpheniramine, which is used as an antihistamine. Metabolites of this compound have also been identified in humans. The CAS Registry Number for this compound is 154356-96-4.</p>

<p>Lovastatin is a cholesterol-lowering drug that acts by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. It is also used to prevent organ rejection after a liver transplant, and has been shown to have anti-aging effects. Lovastatin has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels, which may be due to its ability to inhibit cellular proliferation in rat hepatocytes. This drug has been shown to have an effect on DNA damage and post-translational modification of proteins, as well as on health care foods. Lovastatin is a member of the statins family of drugs, which are all natural products isolated from fungi or bacteria. The active form of lovastatin is made in the laboratory by chemical synthesis, using recombinant DNA technology. The recombinant gene encoding lovastatin was cloned into an expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli cells (E.M.).</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Tadalafil spiro-urethane impurity (EP impurity F) including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>3-[4-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-butanone is an impurity in the drug product, N-{3-[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-butenyl}acetamide. It can be used as an analytical reference standard for determining the presence of impurities in pharmaceutical products. 3-[4-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-butanone is not a natural component of the API and is typically synthesized with high purity. This compound has been shown to be metabolized by human liver microsomes and rat lung microsomes. The metabolic pathways are unknown but may include oxidation, hydrolysis, or conjugation reactions.</p>

<p>Simvastatin 4'-methyl ether is a metabolite of simvastatin. It is an impurity in the drug product and can be used as an analytical standard for HPLC. It is not a drug product or a pharmaceutical ingredient, but it can serve as an impurity standard for pharmacopoeia.</p>

<p>Atorvastatin is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is responsible for the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. This inhibition reduces the production of cholesterol and other lipids in the liver. Metabolism studies have shown that atorvastatin undergoes extensive presystemic metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes, primarily CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. The drug is converted to inactive metabolites that are eliminated primarily through renal excretion. Atorvastatin has not been found to inhibit any of the following: cytochrome P450 1A1/2, 2C8/9, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4/5 or glucuronidases.</p>

<p>Fenofibrate impurity G is a drug product that is synthesized from natural sources and is not chemically modified. It has the CAS number 217636-48-1. Fenofibrate impurity G is an analytical standard in the field of drug development and pharmacopoeia. It can be used as a metabolite or impurity standard in research and development, HPLC standard, or as a niche product for pharmaceutical companies. Fenofibrate impurity G can be synthesized to create new chemical entities.</p>

<p>(S)-3''-Hydroxy pravastatin sodium salt is a drug product that is custom synthesized. It is the sodium salt of (S)-3''-hydroxypravastatin, which has been shown to be a natural product with high purity. The metabolite of (S)-3''-hydroxypravastatin sodium salt is 3'-hydroxypravastatin. This product can be used for analytical purposes as well as in pharmacopoeia, drug development, and research and development. It can also be used as an impurity standard for HPLC and GC analysis.</p>

<p>The Z-isomer impurity of pitavastatin is a synthetic compound that has been used as an analytical standard and pharmacopoeia reference. The Z-isomer impurity is not found in nature, but is generated by the hydrogenation of the natural product. It has been shown to be metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzymes, which are the primary enzymes responsible for drug metabolism. This impurity does not have any therapeutic effect on the body, but can be used as a research and development standard for HPLC.</p>

<p>(betaR,deltaR)-2,3-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)-beta,delta-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrole-1-heptanoic acid hemicalcium salt is an impurity that is used in the production of a drug product. This product is metabolized to (betaR,deltaR)-2,3-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-beta,delta-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrole 1 heptanoic acid which is used as an analytical standard for HPLC.</p>