Monosaccharides

<p>Sophorolipids are produced by various yeast species, notably Starmerella bombicola. Acidic Sophorolipids are amphiphilic molecules and therefore possess the attributes of surfactants; however as bio-surfactants they have several advantages over synthetic surfactants including low toxicity, biodegradability and the potential for low cost manufacture.</p>

<p>Phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranoside (TTA) is a synthetic monosaccharide that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. TTA is also known as Fluorination, Monosaccharide, Synthetic, Oligosaccharide, complex carbohydrate and has CAS No. 2872-72-2. TTA can be custom synthesized for research purposes or for commercial use and can be glycosylated to form polysaccharides. TTA is modified through methylation or click chemistry and can be used to modify sugar molecules or other carbohydrates. It is also high purity with less than 1% impurities.</p>

<p>Benzyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a pharmaceutical dosage form of the drug benzyl a-D-mannopyranoside, which is used to control analysis of silver trifluoromethanesulfonate. It is administered orally as a monosodium salt, which is the only form that has been studied in humans. This combination therapy group was found to be more effective than benzyl groups or systematically administered drugs when used as monotherapy. Benzyl a-D-mannopyranoside may be glycosidated by cells in culture and this process may cause symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. However, glycosidation does not occur in humans.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chemical that is extracted from the rhizoma gastrodiae. It is used to treat symptoms of damaged ganglion cells in diabetic patients. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl-b-D-glucopyranoside inhibits chloride channels in neurons by binding with the extracellular receptor site and thereby preventing the influx of chloride ions. This leads to reduced neuronal excitability and decreased symptoms of damaged ganglion cells in diabetic patients. 2,3,4,6 Tetra O acetyl 4 (hydroxymethyl) phenyl b D glucopyranoside has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on structural formula and environmental pollution.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylation product that can be used in chemical synthesis. This compound is an example of a complex carbohydrate and can be modified with methyl or fluorine groups. Methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is also a sugar and an oligosaccharide. This compound has been custom synthesized to meet customer specifications and is available in high purity.</p>

<p>The anomeric position of 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-L-arabinopyranose is anomeric. The yields of the two possible anomers were not determined in this experiment. Hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group in 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-L-arabinopyranose at room temperature resulted in a mixture of the two possible anomers.</p>

<p>L-Glycero-D-manno-heptose is a polymyxin B antimicrobial agent that has been shown to have significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This compound also has an inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-negative species such as Salmonella enterica. L-Glycero-D-manno-heptose inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan by binding to the terminal residues of oligosaccharides, which are linked to D-alanine in the peptidoglycan chain. The terminal residues of oligosaccharides are transferred from the lipid carrier to L-glycero-D manno heptose, forming a stable acylated glycoside. This reaction mechanism is similar to that of polymyxin B, but with a difference in reactivity due to steric hindrance.</p>

<p>2-(D-Gluco-pentylhydroxypentyl)-4(R)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid is a custom synthesis. It is used in the glycosylation of saccharides and oligosaccharides. This product can be modified with fluorination, methylation, or click modification. It is also used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>L-Arabinose-BSA is a Glycosylation, Oligosaccharide, sugar, Synthetic, Fluorination, Custom synthesis, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide, saccharide. It is a Click modification. L-Arabinose-BSA has CAS No. 1590-84-3 and Modification of complex carbohydrate. This product has High purity.</p>

<p>Methyl 3,5-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-ribofuranoside is a synthetic, fluorinated monosaccharide. It is an important building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. The compound is also used for glycosylation reactions, click modification reactions and methylation reactions. Methyl 3,5-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-ribofuranoside can be used as an intermediate to make other products or as a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-3-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl azide is a modified carbohydrate that is used in the synthesis of glycosides. It is a synthetic molecule that is fluorinated at the alpha position of the glycosidic bond to allow for reaction with other molecules. This product has been shown to be stable in acid and base reactions and can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis or modification.</p>

<p>Benzoic acid-acyl-b-D-glucuronide is a β-glucuronide linker that is cleaved by β-glucuronidase enzymes. This allows controlled release of the payload to the targeted cells.</p>

<p>2’-(N-Hexadecanoylamino)-4’-nitrophenyl-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic substrate that is used in diagnostic procedures to identify the presence of lysosomal enzymes. The reaction product, resorufin, is a fluorogenic substrate that reacts with the enzyme hexanoyl coenzyme A reductase and can be detected by spectrophotometry. This experimentally insensitive compound has been used to measure the activity of hexanoyl coenzyme A reductase in skin fibroblasts from patients with ichthyosis vulgaris. Resorufin fluorescence is proportional to the amount of hexanoyl coenzyme A reductase present in cells.</p>

<p>Benzoate is a carboxylic acid that is found in many fruits and vegetables. Benzoate can be metabolized by the body to form hydrogen chloride, which may cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This chemical has been shown to have cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells in vitro. Benzoate also has an anti-inflammatory effect on insulin resistance and can be used as a topical treatment for psoriasis. The mechanism by which benzoate exerts its anticancer activity is not fully understood, but it may involve the production of reactive oxygen species or induction of apoptosis.</p>

<p>L-Sorbose-1-phosphate potassium salt is a sugar phosphate</p>

<p>Oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide (OA7G) is a natural compound that exhibits anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. OA7G binds to p-hydroxybenzoic acid and inhibits the activity of glycosidases, which are enzymes that hydrolyze glycosides. OA7G has been shown to have therapeutic potential in several models of inflammatory bowel disease. In vivo studies show that OA7G may be a useful agent for the treatment of bowel disease by inhibiting angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. Molecular docking analysis showed binding affinity between OA7G and the enzyme dextran sulfate glucuronyltransferase, suggesting a possible mechanism for its anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>An anhydro thio sugar</p>

<p>An anhydro thio sugar</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-talopyranose is a noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme glycosidase. It has been shown to inhibit the enzymatic cleavage of glycoconjugates, such as glycoproteins and glycolipids, as well as antigen binding. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-talopyranose binds to the receptor binding domain on the surface of cancer cells and inhibits the growth of these cells in vitro. This compound also has potent inhibitory activity against influenza virus and is used in the synthesis of glycans for use in vaccines. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-talopyranose can be produced through acid hydrolysis or enzymatic methods.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-D-quinovosamine is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of quinovosamines. It is an acidic molecule with a pKa of 3.5 and is soluble in water, methanol, and acetic acid. N-Acetyl-D-quinovosamine has been shown to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa strains, which are human pathogens. This drug binds to the bacterial cell wall by competitive inhibition and prevents the formation of an antibiotic-inhibitor complex with the enzyme cell wall synthesis that is required for cell wall biosynthesis, inhibiting protein synthesis and cell division. N-Acetyl-D-quinovosamine also inhibits the production of hydrogen fluoride (HF) by bacteria as well as their ability to produce ammonia from nitrite or nitrate ions.</p>

<p>3-O-Benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-glucofuranose (3BZIPF) is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 477.6 g/mol. It is soluble in alcohol and water. 3BZIPF can be used as a sugar substitute or in the food industry. The product can be custom synthesized to meet your requirements.</p>

<p>Methyl b-L-fucopyranoside is a glycosylating agent that is used to modify saccharides and oligosaccharides. It can be used for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, such as polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. Methyl b-L-fucopyranoside is also useful for the synthesis of glycosylated proteins, which are proteins with sugar chains attached to them. The product is a white solid that is soluble in water.</p>

<p>Mannide monooleate is a naturally occurring fatty acid that is found in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. It has shown to be effective in the treatment of a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Mannide monooleate is also being explored as an adjuvant for vaccines, and has shown efficacy against leishmania infection.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2,4-dideoxy-4-fluoro-a-D-glucopyranose is a synthetic, fluorinated carbohydrate. It is a monosaccharide that is made by the substitution of an acetamido group with a fluoro group at C2 and C4 of the glucose molecule. This product has been synthesized using Click chemistry to modify the 2’ position and methylation at C5. The target use for this product is as a sugar in order to glycosylate or polysaccharide. This compound has been shown to have high purity and can be custom synthesized, depending on the needs of the customer.</p>

<p>Chiral synthon; used to synthesise analgoues of natural products</p>

<p>Ethyl a-D-glucopyranoside is an organic acid that has been extracted from the seeds of the plant Reticulata. It contains a mixture of fatty acids and compounds that are collectively known as retinoids. Ethyl a-D-glucopyranoside inhibits beta-glucosidase, aminotransferase activity, and intestinal glucosidases and has been shown to have antioxidant properties. This product may be used for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis, which is characterized by degeneration and inflammation of joints. Ethyl a-D-glucopyranoside may also be used as an agent to help prevent skin aging caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and other factors.</p>

<p>L-Threonic acid-1,4-lactone is a nutrient solution for mammalian tissue. It is a coenzyme that acts as an intermediate in the conversion of dehydroascorbic acid to erythronate and participates in the synthesis of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid from 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid. L-Threonic acid-1,4-lactone has been shown to inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The physiological levels of L-Threonic acid-1,4-lactone are not yet known, but it has been shown to have inhibitory properties on HIV infection at concentrations that do not affect cellular metabolism or induce reactive oxygen species production. L-Threonic acid-1,4-lactone also has been shown to prevent hepatic steatosis and fatty liver disease by inhibiting lipid accumulation via its ability to</p>

<p>Competitive inhibitor of fucosyltransferases FUT3, FUT5, FUT6 and FUT7 with Ki values in low micromolar range. This fluorinated GDP-fucose analog inhibits oligosaccharide core fucosylation of N-linked glycans in animal and plant cells.</p>

<p>L-Psicose is a monosaccharide that is the only metabolite of D-fructose. It is found in many living organisms, such as bacteria and fungi. L-Psicose has been shown to inhibit ribitol dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the production of ribitol, which catalyzes the conversion of ribitol to ribulose 5-phosphate. Ribulose 5-phosphate is an important precursor molecule for glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways. In addition, L-psicose has been shown to bind to proteins through hydrogen bonding, which may prevent the protein from folding properly or interacting with other molecules. This binding can lead to cell death if it inhibits essential cellular functions.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-9-azido-9-deoxy-neuraminic acid (also known as 9AzNeu5Ac) is used as a sialic acid substitute for metabolic glycan labelling, which allows glycan-protein interactions and sialylations to be interrogated. Naturally occurring glycans can be di-sialylated by sialidase and replaced by a sialyl analogue, such as N-acetyl-9-azido-9-deoxy-neuraminic acid, using sialyltransferase. The modified glycans are then resistant to sialidase. Reduction of the azide functionality of N-acetyl-9-azido-9-deoxy-neuraminic acid affords access to an additional 9-amino sialic acid analogue which can be further elaborated to 9-amido analogues.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of Gal-dependent lectin binding; used for synthesis of galactoses</p>

<p>3,4,5,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-myo-inositol is a chiral molecule that is synthesised by the reaction of 3,4,5,6-tetra-O-benzylglycerol with myo-inositol. It has been used as an optical probe to study the function of biomolecules such as membranes and reticulum. The compound was also shown to inhibit the phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase.</p>

<p>4-Hydroxypropofol 1-O-b-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of propofol that is found in human urine. It can be detected by chromatography and UV spectroscopy. 4-Hydroxypropofol 1-O-b-D-glucuronide has been shown to have radical scavenging activity and can be used as an analytical reagent for the validation of analytical methods. This compound has also been analysed for its cytotoxic and antiinflammatory effects on the cytosol of cultured cells, with promising results.</p>

<p>Octyl D-galactofuranoside is a disaccharide that is found in the plant Gossypium hirsutum. It has been shown to have antibacterial activity and can be used as an alternative to antibiotics. Octyl D-galactofuranoside has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by binding to chloride ions and inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It also acts synergistically with other antibiotics, such as penicillin, ampicillin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, erythromycin, and cefadroxil. This compound has been shown to be biodegradable and o-glycosylated. Octyl D-galactofuranoside also has anti-leishmanial activity.</p>

<p>D-Glycero-D-talo-heptitol is a natural product that is found in plants and bacteria. It is an alditol, which is created by the glycosidic bond of a carbohydrate and a hydroxyl group. D-Glycero-D-talo-heptitol has shown to inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, such as 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase, and carbohydrate synthesis, such as fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase. This compound also inhibits the borohydride reduction of glycan precursors. This may be due to its hydrophilic interactions with water molecules and its hydrophobic interactions with other lipid molecules.</p>

<p>Silodosin O-beta-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of silodosin, a drug used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is the glucuronide conjugate of silodosin and its presence in plasma can be quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The solvents used in HPLC are acetonitrile and ammonium formate. The chromatographic separation is achieved with a mobile phase consisting of an organic solvent (acetonitrile) and an ion pairing agent (ammonium formate) that interacts with the analyte and forms an ion pair. The sensitivity of HPLC for this analyte can be improved by using deuterated solvents.</p>

<p>Building block for DNA-related organic synthesis</p>

<p>2,3:4,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-b-D-fructopyranose (IDFP) is a natural compound that has been shown to have pharmacological properties. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme alpha-glucosidase and may be used as a treatment for diabetes mellitus type II. IDFP binds to the active site of the enzyme α-glucosidase, preventing access of the substrate glucose. This causes a decrease in blood glucose levels and has also been shown to reduce cholesterol levels in mice. IDFP is synthesized by reacting ethylene diamine with 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene b -D -fructofuranose. This reaction produces a heterocycle that undergoes asymmetric synthesis using sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen fluoride as catalysts.</p>

<p>Candesartan N-glucuronide is a metabolite of candesartan. It is produced by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, which belongs to the subfamily of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferases. Candesartan N-glucuronide inhibits angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and has minimal effects on angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2). Candesartan N-glucuronide binds to the AT1 receptor and blocks its activation by angiotensin II. This binding inhibits the uptake of sodium ions into cells and causes an increase in potassium ion secretion, leading to vasodilation. Candesartan N-glucuronide also induces the expression of cytochrome P450 3A5, which results in increased metabolism of drugs such as paclitaxel.</p>

<p>3,4,6-Tri-O-benzyl-2-nitro-D-galactal is a nitro compound that is used in the synthesis of glycopeptide antibiotics. It reacts with threonine, forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond to yield the corresponding methyl ester. The nitrate ion can also be used as a nucleophile to form an ether with alcohols or amines. This reaction is stereoselective and yields the desired product in high yields.</p>

<p>L-Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol that is found in various natural products, such as fruits and vegetables. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which is an opportunistic pathogen of human and animal cells. L-Sorbitol can be used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. This compound has also been shown to prevent dehydration in bacteria by acting as an osmotic agent. The effect of L-sorbitol on the growth of bacteria depends on the pH of the environment in which it is dissolved. The optimum pH for this compound is 7.5</p>

<p>Methyl β-L-arabinopyranoside is a monomer that is used for the synthesis of polymers. It has been shown to be an effective polymerization catalyst, with long-term stability and good storage properties. Methyl β-L-arabinopyranoside has been used in gas chromatographic analysis as an analyte to identify hydroxy groups, although it may also interfere with the detection of certain other analytes. This monomer is often used in the production of plastics and rubbers because it enhances bonding between rubber molecules and plasticizers. Methyl β-L-arabinopyranoside has also been shown to have tailing enhancements and extracts that are due to hydroxy groups, which can lead to signal enhancement in gas chromatography. Additives such as ammonium acetate can be added if there is a need to increase sensitivity or reduce tailing effects.</p>

<p>1-Chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-toluoyl-L-ribofuranose is a synthetic glycosylation agent with high purity and custom synthesis. It is a monosaccharide that can be used for the modification of complex carbohydrates, such as saccharides and polysaccharides. 1-Chloro-2-deoxyribofuranose is also known to react with other types of sugars to form glycosylated products. This product can be fluorinated or methylated to create new derivatives.</p>