APIs for research and impurities

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N-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazol-2-yl)-N-methylpropylenediamine hydrochloride is an impurity that can be found in some commercially available drugs. It is a metabolite of the drug N-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazol-2-yl)propylenediamine and is used as a reference standard for HPLC analysis. This compound has been shown to have antiplatelet activities.

Elsinochrome A is a drug product that has not been approved for human use. It belongs to the class of drugs called natural products and has not been synthesized. Elsinochrome A is a metabolite of erythromycin, which is produced by the fungus Elsinoë sp. The chemical structure of this natural product was determined using spectral analysis, and it was found to be similar to the antibiotic erythromycin. Elsinochrome A has shown promising results in pharmacological studies as a potential drug candidate for tuberculosis treatment because it inhibits bacterial growth by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing transcription and replication.

Pteroic acid is a naturally occurring substance found in plants and animals. It has inhibitory activities against enzymes such as butyrate kinase, acetyl-CoA synthetase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. Pteroic acid is used to synthesize quinoxalines, which are used for the treatment of cancer. Pteroic acid also inhibits cell growth by inhibiting protein synthesis. This is done by conjugating with amino acids and inhibiting their uptake into the ribosome. The inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase may be due to its ability to reduce levels of glutathione, which is an inhibitor of this enzyme.

Ergosterone is a potent anticancer agent that has been shown to induce apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines. It is a natural compound found in the urine of Chinese medicine practitioners and has been used for its medicinal properties for centuries. Ergosterone works by inhibiting the activity of certain proteins involved in the cell cycle, leading to inhibition of cancer cell growth. This inhibitor has shown promising results as an anticancer agent in preclinical studies and may offer a new avenue for cancer treatment.

Impurity A is an impurity of the drug product, dexamethasone. The impurity is a natural metabolite of dexamethasone that is found in the urine of patients taking this medication. Impurity A is chemically identified using HPLC and its purity verified using GC-MS and LC-MS. This impurity can be used as a reference standard for analytical purposes and as an impurity standard for pharmacopoeia testing.

Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It has been shown to reduce the number of exacerbations in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Meloxicam also inhibits the production of Cox-2, which is an enzyme that produces inflammation in joints. The oral route of administration allows meloxicam to be distributed through the body. This drug is not active against ankylosing spondylitis and it should not be taken by pregnant women or children under 12 years old.

Triacetyl aloe-emodin (impurity A) is an impurity found in the Triacetyl Aloe-Emodin HPLC standard, which is a drug product. It is not approved for use as a drug and should be used only for research and development purposes. The impurity can be custom synthesized or purchased from a specialty chemical supplier. Impurities are not typically found in the final drug product but can occur during synthesis or purification of the API. This impurity is not present in any pharmacopoeia and has no known biological activity. The CAS number of this impurity is 25395-11-3.

Vandetanib N-oxide is a drug product that is custom synthesized for research and development purposes. It has been shown to have high purity, analytical, and natural properties. Vandetanib N-oxide can be used as a metabolite or impurity standard in pharmacopoeias, such as the USP. The compound also has niche use in drug development and metabolism studies.

Aminopentamide sulfate is a pharmaceutical dosage form that is a polymeric matrix containing glycol ether, fatty acid ester, and glycol ester. It is used as a local anesthetic to numb the skin and other tissues. Aminopentamide sulfate can be administered topically or by injection into the body. It has been shown to have therapeutic effects on animals with pain-related conditions such as arthritis and neuropathy. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds in aminopentamide sulfate are thought to be formed between the carbonyl group of atropine sulfate and the hydroxyl groups of benzimidazole derivatives. These functional groups form hydrogen bonds with fatty alcohols in the matrix, which may help stabilize it.

5-O-Desethyl amlodipine is a metabolite of amlodipine. It has been used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of amlodipine and its metabolites in human plasma and urine. 5-O-Desethyl amlodipine has been reported to be excreted in human breast milk at a concentration that is about 20% of that found in maternal plasma. The drug product is manufactured by HPLC and is classified as a high purity pharmaceutical drug, which means it is free from extraneous substances such as other drugs, proteins, or bacteria.

1-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline is a synthetic compound which has been used as a lead compound for the development of drugs with dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitory activity. In vitro studies have shown that 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline inhibits human serum dopamine β-hydroxylase and can be used to study the possible role of this enzyme in Parkinson's disease. This drug is racemized in the body and has been found to be effective against Parkinson's disease in rats. It is also an enantiomer that has industrial applications for the production of polyurethane foam insulation coatings.

Ros 234 is a dioxalate salt of rosiglitazone, and is an anti-cancer agent that inhibits the growth of cancer cells. Ros 234 has been shown to inhibit inflammatory conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and colitis. It also modulates immune and autoimmune responses.

Alloc bromoridane is a drug product that contains the active ingredient bromoridane. Bromoridane is a natural metabolite of the plant alkaloid berberine and has been shown to inhibit the activity of bacterial type IIA topoisomerases from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The chemical name for Alloc bromoridane is 2-[2-(4-bromobenzoyl)phenyl]dihydropyrimidine, and it has CAS number 117348-70-6. Bromoridane is an impurity standard in pharmacopoeias such as USP XXII, European Pharmacopoeia 6th Edition, Japanese Pharmacopoeia 2006, and Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005. Alloc bromoridane is used in research and development for pharmaceuticals or as an analytical reference material.

Cis-Tadalafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5, which is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing men with ED to achieve and maintain an erection. Cis-Tadalafil is also used to treat symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) in men. This drug has been shown to be effective in treating PPH by reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving exercise capacity. Cis-Tadalafil belongs to the carboline class of drugs and is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that selectively inhibits cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). This drug has been shown to be highly effective in treating both ED and PPH with minimal side effects.

3-Dimethylaminopropyl-2-benzylaminobenzoate hydrochloride is a versatile compound with various characteristics and applications. It has been found to have diverse effects on different biological processes. This compound has shown potential as an antimuscarinic agent, which means it can block the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the body.

Desfluoro ezetimibe is a synthetic cholesterol-lowering drug that inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption. It is chemically synthesized, and the process includes the introduction of fluorine at the 3-position of the C-ring. Desfluoro ezetimibe is not metabolized in humans, but it may be subject to oxidative degradation. The product is also subject to oxidation by light and air, which may result in formation of impurities. The drug substance has been validated as well as its isomers and efficiencies in mass spectrometry detection.

Roflumilast impurity A is a metabolite of roflumilast. It is a drug product that is used as an analytical standard for the determination of roflumilast in HPLC analysis. Roflumilast impurity A is not natural and is synthetic. It has been shown to be a substrate for CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes. Studies have shown that it may be involved in the metabolism of roflumilast through hydroxylation and deamination.

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