Enzyme Substrates

5-Bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that yields a magenta-colored product after cleavage. The chromophore 5-bromo-6-chloro-indoxyl is released, generating the observable color. It is used in lysosomal storage disorder screening.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2-O-a-L-fucopyranosyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,6,8,10,12-pentaoxoheptaacetic acid is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used for the detection of peroxidase and other enzymes. The reaction product is a yellow fluorescent product which can be measured using a fluorometer. It is sold as an aqueous solution at 1mg/mL in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4.

4-Nitrophenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a useful substrate for enzymatic assays. This high-sensitivity chromogenic pNP substrate offers enhanced selectivity and increased detection ability, allowing for a broad range of applications in the field of glycosidase research. Featuring rapid colorimetric readouts with easily detectable endpoint determination, this substrate delivers clear and accurate results every time.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-cellobiopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme β-glucuronidase. It is used in diagnostic applications such as food testing, bacterial culture media and environmental testing. The product has CAS number: 123591-77-0.

This Clips-O substrate 7-(4'-L-Alaninamido)-rac-(3'-octanoyloxy)butyloxy) coumarin allows the detection of three enzymatic activities (L-alanine aminopeptidase, C8-esterase and oxidation of 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyloxy either enzymatically or by exposure to sodium periodate) with one single substrate and give a positive fluorescent signal only in presence of all activities. The main virtues of Clips-O substrates are an increased stability towards non-enzymatic hydrolysis that results in a reduced background and high sensitivity.

N-Acetyl-L-glutamine p-nitroanilide is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used in the diagnosis of bacterial infections. It is a ligand that can bind to enzymes involved in the production of bioluminescence, such as luciferase, and can be used for the detection of bacteria. It is also used for food testing, environmental testing, and diagnostics. N-Acetyl-L-glutamine p-nitroanilide has high purity and high quality, which makes it suitable for conjugation with other molecules.

Aldol acetate is a chromogenic substrate that is used in food testing and diagnostics. Aldol acetate can be used in the detection of aminopeptidase and dipeptidyl peptidase activities, as well as in the determination of urinary proteins. Aldol acetate can also be used to detect anaerobic bacteria. This compound is conjugated with various ligands for use in immunoassays, such as beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-naphthyl phosphate ester, and phenyl phosphate ester. This product has been shown to be useful for chemiluminescent assays of DNA polymerases and reverse transcriptases in environmental samples. It has also been shown to be useful for bioluminescent assays of DNA polymerases and reverse transcriptases in environmental samples.

Aldol® 470 N-tosyl-L-alanine ester is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in enzyme and chromogenic assays. It is a high purity, high quality, and highly soluble substrate for chemiluminescent reactions. Aldol® 470 N-tosyl-L-alanine ester can be used to detect the presence of bacteria in culture media and as an indicator of bacterial growth. It is also used to test for the presence of different types of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of alcohols.

Aldol® 450 acetate is an enzyme substrate that is used in the detection of aldolase activity. Aldol® 450 acetate has been shown to be a useful alternative to the traditional bioluminescence and chemiluminescence methods for detecting aldolase activity. It has also been shown to be effective as a fluorogenic substrate for detecting aldolase activity in food products. Aldol® 450 acetate can be conjugated with other compounds, such as ligands and dyes, to enable it to detect different enzymes.
Aldol® 450 acetate has an absorption maximum at 450 nm and fluoresces blue-green under longwave UV light excitation. It is soluble in water and exhibits excellent stability at high temperatures (up to 50°C) and pH (1-14).

Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

AquaSpark® Alkaline Phosphatase Substrate is a stand-alone reagent - no additives such as enhancers or detergents are required to start a strong light reaction. AquaSpark® Alkaline Phosphatase Substrate is superior to other luminogenic alkaline phosphatase substrates as it shows significantly higher signal intensities and very low background.Application Examples:

6-Bromo-2-naphthyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a strong inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, which are both known to cause bacterial infections in humans. 6BNA inhibits the enzyme alpha-mannosidase, which hydrolyzes terminal α-(1,4)-linked mannose residues from oligosaccharides and glycoproteins. This drug has a high affinity for the active site of alpha-mannosidase and an IC50 value of 0.2 mM, making it an effective inhibitor.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-xylobioside is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used as a diagnostic agent. It has been used in the identification of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, which are differentiated by the color of the reaction. This substrate has also been used to detect the presence of certain enzymes produced by bacteria. 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-xylobioside has shown to be an effective enzyme substrate for detecting bacterial growth in culture media and is often used as a fluorogenic substrate in food testing.

Aldol® 515 beta-D-xylopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that is used in food testing. It is an alternative to the more common glucose and sucrose, which are not suitable for some types of assays. Aldol® 515 beta-D-xylopyranoside is also used in diagnostics as a ligand for fluorescent antibody staining and chemiluminescence assays. It has been shown to increase the sensitivity of these tests by up to 10 times. The substrate has been tested extensively and is safe for use with a wide range of bacteria including E. coli, S. typhimurium, M. tuberculosis, and C. albicans at concentrations up to 100 mM without any inhibitory effects on growth or viability.
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6,8-Difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that reacts with oxygen in the presence of luciferase to produce light. This product is an excellent replacement for luminol, especially in applications where aqueous solvents are not suitable. 6,8-Difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranoside has been extensively tested and shown to be nonhazardous in a variety of different culture media. It is also nonhazardous to the environment, as it can be easily degraded by microorganisms.