Metabolismo

<p>JTV-803 inhibits factor Xa (K(i) 0.019 µM, IC(50) 0.081 µM), 100x more selective vs thrombin, extends clotting times dose-dependently.</p>

<p>Kelatorphan is an enkephalin degrading enzyme full inhibitor.</p>

<p>JNJ-42259152 is a phosphodiesterase 10A PET tracer.</p>

<p>AS1468240 is a factor Xa inhibitor. It has significant oral anticoagulant activity.</p>

<p>L 670630 is a potent and orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.</p>

<p>M-0002, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of ascites.</p>

<p>KRP-109, a neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor, acts by decreasing expression of TGF-ß Signal Related Genes.</p>

<p>JGB-1-155, serving as a positive allosteric modulator (N-PAMs), effectively enhances the activity of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) with an EC 50 of 3.29 μM. It mitigates oxidative stress by elevating NAD+ levels in THP-1 human monocytes and reduces TNFα-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HT-22 cells [1].</p>

<p>7,7-Dimethyl-(5Z,8Z)-eicosadienoic acid (DEDA, 5 μM) significantly impacts the response to βA(25-35) stimulation. It reduces the formation of ROS.</p>

<p>MR-2-93-3, a long-chain fatty acid, functions as a carrier for polynucleotides [1].</p>

<p>Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are lipids recently discovered to be modulated by dietary influences such as fasting and high-fat feeding, and they play a role in enhancing insulin sensitivity. These compounds typically feature a carbon-16 or carbon-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) esterified to a carbon-16 or carbon-18 hydroxy fatty acid. A specific example is 12-SAHSA, which consists of stearic acid linked to 12-hydroxy stearic acid. Notably, 12-SAHSA levels are found to be moderately increased in the serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, a model characterized by adipose tissue-specific overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-10 (compound 32) serves as an inhibitor for ICMT, exhibiting potent activity with an IC50 value of 0.184 μM [1].</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-24 (compound 63) is an inhibitor of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT), exhibiting potent activity with an IC50 value of 0.19 μM [1].</p>

<p>(R)-Palmitoyl-(2-methyl)ethanolamide (Me-PEA) acts as a competitive inhibitor against [3H]-AEA metabolism, exhibiting a K i value of 6.6 μM [1].</p>

<p>SHP2-IN-20 (compound 193), a potent SHP2 inhibitor, exhibits an IC50 of 3 nM, making it suitable for glioblastoma research [1].</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-40 (compound 19) is a potent inhibitor of ICMT, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.031 μM [1].</p>

<p>Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) have emerged as significant regulators of metabolic processes, influenced by dietary changes such as fasting and high-fat diets, and are linked to improved insulin sensitivity in mice. These compounds typically feature a fatty acid chain, either C-16 or C-18 in length (for example, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid), esterified to a hydroxy fatty acid of similar length. A specific FAHFA, 12-POHSA, involves the esterification of palmitoleic acid to the 12th carbon of stearic acid. Notably, 12-POHSA levels are markedly higher in the serum of AG4OX mice, which exhibit enhanced glucose tolerance due to overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue. Given the capacity of FAHFAs to enhance glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and exert anti-inflammatory actions, 12-POHSA holds potential as a bioactive lipid implicated in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.</p>

<p>C24:1 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/24:1(15Z)) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C24:1 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/24:1(15Z)) is 1246298-58-7.</p>

<p>FAAH Inhibitor 2 (Compound 17b) is an irreversible inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.153 μM [1].</p>

<p>CHK-336 (Example 1), an orally active LDHA inhibitor (IC50 &lt;1 nM), suppresses lactate production in mouse hepatocytes and is applicable in hyperoxaluria</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-45 (compound 24) serves as an ICMT inhibitor, demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.132 μM [1].</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-51 (compound 43) serves as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.55 μM [1].</p>

<p>"9322-O16B, an ionizable cationic lipid, facilitates the generation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) [1]."</p>

<p>Hypogeic acid is isolable from cultures of autotrophic bacteria linked to sulfate accumulation in biofilters [1].</p>

<p>Anandamide (AEA), an endogenous cannabinoid, interacts with both central (CB1) and peripheral (CB2) cannabinoid receptors. Its effects are concluded through the cellular uptake and enzymatic breakdown of its amide bond by fatty acid amide hydrolase. Arachidonoyl-N-methyl amide, an analog of anandamide, specifically targets the human CB1 receptor, displaying a binding affinity with a Ki of 60 nM. It completely inhibits rat glial gap junction intercellular communication at a concentration of 50 µM.</p>

<p>Cis-8-Octadecenoic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid and isomer of oleic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, trans-petroselinic acid, and cis-petroselinic acid, is present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oil and milk fat.</p>

<p>SREBP/SCAP-IN-1 (compound 10b) serves as a selective inhibitor of SREBP/SCAP [1].</p>

<p>C24:1 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:1) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C24:1 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:1) is 1246298-60-1.</p>

<p>8(Z)-Eicosenoic acid, a cis-unsaturated free fatty acid featuring a 20-carbon chain, enhances acetylcholine (ACh) receptor channel currents without causing depression and augments PCKε phosphorylation of a substrate peptide in Xenopus oocytes. This acid comprises 6% of the fatty acid composition in seed oil extracted from B. collina.</p>

<p>9(E),11(E)-Conjugated Linoleic Acid (9(E),11(E)-CLA) belongs to a group of eight geometric isomers of linoleic acid, characterized by adjacent double bonds. This specific isomer, 9,11 all-trans linoleic acid, was first discovered in ground beef and is found in various dairy products as well. Notably, it has been shown to decrease mammary tumors in rats with dietary inclusion as minimal as 0.1%. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1181]</p>

<p>QH536 degrades HMGCR (EC50: 0.22 μM), has anti-inflammatory properties, and avoids cholesterol buildup; useful for cardiovascular and NASH research.</p>

<p>FR-190809 is a nonadrenotoxic and orally efficacious inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) (IC50: 45 nM).</p>

<p>Clocortolone pivalate, a synthetic steroid, treats dermatitis and psoriasis.</p>

<p>SH-BC-893: Oral anti-cancer sphingolipid analog, prevents ceramide-related mitochondrial issues, and tackles diet-related obesity.</p>

<p>DPM-1001 trihydrochloride: Potent PTP1B inhibitor, IC50 100 nM, oral, non-competitive, anti-diabetic.</p>

<p>sEH/AChE-IN-4-15 is a dual sEH and AChE inhibitor crossing the BBB, with IC50s: 3.1 nM (hsEH), 1660 nM (hAChE), 179 nM (hBChE), 14.5 nM (msEH), 102 nM (mAChE).</p>

<p>NUCC-0223619 is an IDO1 inhibitor that induces the degradation of IDO protein and can be involved in the synthesis of PROTAC.</p>

<p>ATX inhibitor 15, an indole-based carbamate, has a 2.17 nM IC50 against ATX, suppresses pro-fibrotic genes, and protects against mouse lung fibrosis.</p>

<p>Hypusine is an N-terminal amino alcohol derivative of Lys occurring in bovine brain &amp;</p>

<p>BAY-7081 is a cyanopyridone-based compound that functions as a potent, selective, and orally active PDE9A inhibitor, demonstrating an inhibition concentration (</p>

<p>CP-113818 is a potent inhibitor of cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and can be used to study Alzheimer's disease.</p>

<p>IDH1 Inhibitor 7 is an IDH1 inhibitor with an IC 50 of less than 100 nM .</p>

<p>RORγt modulator 4 is a RORγt modulator that regulates IL-17A production activity in cells derived from mouse spleen.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-22 (compound 62) acts as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.63 μM [1].</p>

<p>(R)-Avanafil ((R)-TA1790) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.2 nM, utilized for the research of erectile dysfunction [1</p>

<p>BMS-186511: An FT inhibitor targeting malignant cells in NF1, halting growth and spread without affecting related enzymes.</p>

<p>hCAIX-IN-15 is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 38.8 nM, exhibiting broad-spectrum anticancer</p>

<p>α-Glucosidase-IN-28 (Compound 18) is an α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.62 μM and Ki value of 3.93 μM.</p>

<p>hCAIX/XII-IN-8 (compound 3g) is a potent inhibitor of the human carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII, with inhibition constants (K i) of 8.5 nM for CA IX and 6.</p>

<p>Cav 3.2 Inhibitor 4 (Compound 21) is a selective and potent inhibitor of the T-type calcium channel (Ca v 3.2), demonstrating peripheral restriction with an</p>

<p>MLS000545091 is a potent and selective human epithelial 15-lipoxygenase-2 mixed-type inhibitor.</p>

<p>BBT has anti-hyperglycemic activity, protecting beta cells from cytokine or streptozotocin-induced cell death, and restoring beta cell function.</p>

<p>TMDJ-035 is a selective inhibitor of the RyR2 (ryanodine receptor 2).</p>

<p>Chinese gallotannin, a non-specific promiscuous inhibitor of α-amylase, exhibits a K(i) value of 0.82 μg/mL against human salivary α-amylase and shows potential</p>

<p>BMS-262084 is a potent selective β-lactam trypsin inhibitor with therapeutic potential in the treatment of asthma.</p>

<p>Pactimibe is a ACAT inhibitor. It has anti-atherosclerotic activity.</p>

<p>First potent oral dual IDO1/IDO2 inhibitor with antitumor properties; IC50: 28 nM (IDO1), 144 nM (IDO2).</p>

<p>Bemoradan is an inhibitor of the rolipram-insensitive cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from canine heart tissue</p>

<p>3-Hydroxycarbofuran, a principal metabolite of Carbofuran, acts as a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) [1].</p>

<p>Frunexian (EP-7041) is a selective and potent inhibitor of coagulation factor XI/activated factor XI, specifically targeting XIa.</p>

<p>Dieicosanoin is a diacylglycerol that incorporates arachidic acid, a saturated long-chain fatty acid featuring a 20-carbon backbone. This acid is derivable from sources such as peanut butter and anaerobic fungi [1] [2].</p>

<p>Compound 105 (h15-LOX-2 inhibitor 1) is a potent inhibitor of human epithelial 15-lipoxygenase-2 (h15-LOX-2), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.34 μM [1].</p>

<p>Yonkenafil HCl, a PDE5 inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.</p>

<p>Niraxostat (Y-700) is one of the isocytosine derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitors.</p>

<p>Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are recent discoveries in endogenous lipids that are influenced by dietary changes such as fasting and high-fat diets, showing a link with enhanced insulin sensitivity in mice. These compounds typically feature a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) bound to a hydroxy group on another C-16 or C-18 fatty chain. A specific FAHFA, 9-POHSA, consists of palmitoleic acid connected at the hydroxy stearic acid's 9th position. This molecule, in particular, exhibits notably increased levels in the serum of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which express the Glut4 glucose transporter predominantly in their adipose tissue. Given the broader family of FAHFAs' roles in enhancing glucose tolerance, promoting insulin secretion, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects, 9-POHSA emerges as a potential bioactive lipid involved in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-29, also known as compound 66, effectively inhibits ICMT with an IC50 value of 0.019 μM [1].</p>

<p>CAXII-IN-1, antitumor, selectively inhibits CA XII with Ki of 3.8 nM for hCA XII and 56 nM for hCA IX.</p>

<p>Gentisuric acid, an Aspirin metabolite and a substrate of α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), mitigates DNA damage induced by Mitomycin C. [1] [2]</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-28 (compound 65) serves as an inhibitor of ICMT, exhibiting significant potency with an IC50 value of 0.008 μM [1].</p>

<p>Monohydroxy melphalan, a degradation product and DNA alkylating agent derived from melphalan, results from melphalan hydrolysis in aqueous solutions such as cell culture medium and human plasma. It enhances DNA adducts in ML-1 myeloblastic leukemia cells based on concentration and induces cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 28.1 μg/ml.</p>

<p>(R)-tert-OMe-byakangelicin, a furanocoumarin, exhibits inhibitory effects on liver drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) activity and can be isolated from the immature</p>

<p>α-Glucosidase-IN-29 (compound 19) is an inhibitor of α-glucosidases, exhibiting an IC50 value of 1.21 μM and a Ki of 1.80 μM.</p>

<p>Dendrogenin A (DDA) is a compound acting as a selective liver X receptor (LXR) modulator, cholesterol epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (Ki = 120 nM), and a metabolic</p>

<p>Arachidonoyl amide (AMC-AA) is a fatty acid amide among several that serve to quantify fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity. FAAH, with its relative lack of selectivity, processes various amide head groups beyond ethanolamine, the head group of its primary endogenous substrate, anandamide (AEA). The interaction of AMC-AA with FAAH leads to the liberation of fluorescent aminomethyl coumarin, which has an absorption peak at 360 nm and emission at 465 nm. This fluorescence release facilitates the rapid and efficient assessment of FAAH activity through the utilization of either a standard cuvette or a microplate fluorometer.</p>

<p>LY-338979 is an impurity of pemetrexedone.</p>

<p>PF-04957325 is an inhibitor of PDE8.PF-04957325 has an IC50 of 0.7 nM for PDE8A.PF-04957325 can be used for the study of autoimmune encephalomyelitis.</p>

<p>PPACK: synthetic peptide, irreversibly inhibits thrombin (Ki = 0.24 nM), prevents platelet activation.</p>

<p>Homonojirimycin is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-13 (compound 49) functions as an inhibitor of ICMT, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.47 μM [1].</p>

<p>9(Z),11(E)-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Methyl Ester, identified in lemon grass (C. flexuosus), serves as a standard for quantifying conjugated linoleic acids in thermally stressed olive oil and trans fats in bakery products. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1255]</p>

<p>Dioleyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC) is a cationic lipid utilized as a transfection reagent [1].</p>

<p>CMI-392 is a dual 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist (IC50s: 100 and 10 nM).</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-14 (compound 50) serves as an inhibitor of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT), exhibiting potent activity with an IC50 of 0.025 μM [1].</p>

<p>(±)-HIP-A is an excitatory amino acid transporter blocker.</p>

<p>L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride , is formed by posttranslational hydroxylation of some lysine residues. It is an amino acid, is exclusive to collagen protein.</p>

<p>Magmas-IN-1 (compound 9), a small molecule Magmas inhibitor (SMMI), targets the mitochondria-associated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF</p>

<p>CI-1044 is an inhibitor of PDE4 (IC50s: 0.29, 0.08, 0.56, 0.09 μM for PDE4A5, PDE4B2, PDE4C2 and PDE4D3).</p>

<p>EMD638683 is a highly selective SGK1 inhibitor with IC50 of 3 μM. EMD638683 R-Form is the R-form of EMD638683.</p>

<p>TMP780 is an inverse RORγt agonist (IC50: 13 nM). RORγt is a tractable drug target for the treatment of cutaneous inflammatory disorders.</p>

<p>N-Methyl Palbociclib is an impurity of the orally active selective CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor Palbociclib (PD 0332991).</p>

<p>RP 70676 is a potent ACAT inhibitor(rat and rabbit ACAT with IC50 of 25 and 44 nM ).</p>

<p>cis-Clopidogrel-MP derivative, also Clopidogrel-MP-AM, is a 3'-methoxyacetophenone Clopidogrel metabolite and oral P2Y12 receptor platelet inhibitor.</p>

<p>Brodimoprim is an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR).</p>

<p>11-Dehydro Thromboxane B3 (11-dehydro TXB3) serves as a urinary metabolite of TXA3 in humans following an increased dietary intake of EPA.</p>

<p>GNE-783 is a selective inhibitor of CHK1.</p>

<p>ML395 is a potent, selective PLD2 allosteric inhibitor with potent antiviral activity (IC50 =360 nM).</p>

<p>FABP4/5-IN-4 (compound E1) effectively inhibits FABP 4 and FABP 5, displaying IC50 values of 3.78 μM and 5.72 μM, respectively. It is significant in the management of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus [1].</p>

<p>Tisolagiline (KDS2010) is a potent, highly selective and reversible MAO-B inhibitor oral activity for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and obesity.</p>

<p>LFHP-1c, a neuroprotective PGAM5 inhibitor, demonstrates efficacy in preserving blood-brain barrier integrity following ischemic stroke.</p>

<p>Quercetin 7-glucuronide (Quercetin 7-O-β-glucuronide), a Quercetin metabolite found in Madagascarian Uncarina species, has the capability to inhibit LDL</p>

<p>Arbaprostil, a synthetic PGE analog, guards stomach lining, aids ulcer healing, and blocks pancreatic function and tumor growth.</p>