Monosacáridos

D-Glucono-1,5-lactone is a chemical compound that is a member of the class of compounds known as diketones. It can be used in chemical biology and polymer chemistry to probe hydrogen bonding interactions, polymer compositions, and redox potentials. D-Glucono-1,5-lactone has been shown to inhibit the growth of cells in culture by inhibiting DNA synthesis. This inhibition is due to its ability to bind with high affinity to nucleic acids and prevent the formation of the enzyme complexes required for transcription and replication. The effects are reversible.

N6-Benzyladenine-7-glucoside is a benzyladenine derivative that is the major precursor of dihydrozeatin, an important plant growth regulator. N6-Benzyladenine-7-glucoside has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the uptake of radioactive n6-benzyladenine in tobacco leaves. It also inhibits the uptake of radioactive adenine and guanine in tabacum l. explants and tissues. The compound can inhibit cell division by interfering with hormonal treatments that promote growth and development. The inhibition of cell division may be due to interference with the auxin transport system in plants, which leads to decreased levels of endogenous auxins and growth regulators, such as cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene.

Keratin-reducing component in cosmetic applications; used in Glc conjugation

Substrate for glucuronosyltransferases

Methyl L-fucopyranoside is a saponin glycoside that has been shown to have anti-tumor effects. It acts by binding to the nucleophilic sites on the cancer cells and inhibits their growth. The molecule is chiral, which means that it can exist in two different forms, or enantiomers. The structure of this compound has been determined using vibrational spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is also a synthetic product that can be made from an acid catalyst and an oligosaccharide molecule. Methyl L-fucopyranoside has been shown to inhibit glycoconjugates and muscari alkylation, as well as having liquid chromatographic properties.

1,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-2-O-(1H-imidazole-1-sulfonate) a-L-arabinofuranose is a methylated and modified arabinofuranose. It is one of the most common monosaccharides in nature. This compound is an important component of polysaccharides such as cellulose and starch. 1,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-2-O-(1H-imidazole-1-sulfonate) aL arabinofuranose is used to create saccharide derivatives that are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry.

L-Arabinaric acid dipotassium salt is a custom synthesis of an L-arabinaric acid, which is a monosaccharide that is found in the cell wall of bacteria. This compound has been modified to be resistant to fluorination, methylation, and click chemistry. The modification process includes the use of Oligosaccharides, saccharides, and polysaccharides as well as glycosylation and sugar. L-Arabinaric acid dipotassium salt can also be used for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.

N-Propanoyl mannosamine is a biochemical that belongs to the group of glycoconjugates. It is an intracellular messenger that modulates the concentration of intracellular calcium and controls the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). N-Propanoyl mannosamine has been shown to stimulate axonal growth in cell culture, which is mediated by the polysialic acid receptor. This molecule also has a role in human osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
N-Propanoyl mannosamine can be synthesized from dopamine and erythrose via a series of reactions involving acidification, oxidation, reduction, and decarboxylation. The synthesis of this molecule requires blood group O as an acceptor.

Inhibitor of β-galactosidase

L-Gluconic acid calcium salt is a white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The structure of this compound has not been fully elucidated, but it is known to be a modification of L-gluconic acid, which is a monosaccharide. This product can be used as a biochemical reagent for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

Phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-thioglucopyranoside (PTATG) is a synthetic sugar that is used as a building block in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It can be fluorinated to form phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrafluoro-β-D-thioglucopyranoside (PTFFTG). PTATG and PTFFTG are potential anticancer drugs.

D-Glucono-1,4-lactone is a sugar that is produced by the action of glucoamylase on starch or cellulose. It can be used as a source of food for yeast, in the production of polyesters and plastics, and as a precursor to vitamin C. The pH optimum for D-glucono-1,4-lactone production is between 3.5 and 4.5. X-ray crystal structures have shown that the enzyme binds to crystalline cellulose via hydrogen bonding interactions, which are formed by hydroxyl groups on the enzyme and carboxyl groups on crystalline cellulose. These interactions are important for the cleavage of glucose from crystalline cellulose by D-glucono-1,4-lactone. D-glucono-1,4-lactone has been shown to reduce blood glucose levels in rats with metabolic disorders when administered orally at doses

methyl ether of glucose with the anomeric position free.

Leucine-​derived gamma-hydroxynitrile glucoside

Potent and specific inhibitor of α-mannosidase I. It is active against the Golgi isoform (GMI) of the enzyme and blocks carbohydrate branch elongation from immature to complex and hybrid N-glycans. Its anti-viral activity against HIV-1 is characterized by the alteration of N-glycan pattern and shift to high-mannose glycans on viral glycoprotein gp120, resulting in decreased infectivity of newly synthesized virions.

Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, occurs widely in plants, such as, the fruits of the Sorbus and Crataegus spp.  Commercially it is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of glucose (Collins, 2006).  Sorbitol is approved as a sugar substitute with the E number 420 and has ‘generally recognized as safe’ status (GRAS) from the US Food and Drug Administration. It is about 60% as sweet as sucrose and is a mild laxative.  Sorbitol has a wide range of other functional properties, including: humectancy, plasticizing ability, non-cariogenicity, and good chemical stability in harsh conditions, such as, alkaline pH and heat. Toothpaste production is the second largest application of sorbitol, accounting for 50,000 tons a year in Western Europe alone.  Other important uses of sorbitol as a humectant, include: formulation of cough syrups, multivitamin preparations, emulsions, and suspensions (O’Neil, 2013).

2-C-Methyl- D- xylonic acid g- lactone is a monosaccharide that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates. This compound is a fluorinated carbohydrate, which has been modified to include a methyl group at the C2 position. The chemical name for this compound is 2-C-Methyl-D-xylonic acid g-lactone and it has CAS No. 4983-92-1. This compound can be synthesized as a custom order and its purity exceeds 99%. Its synthesis can involve glycosylation or methylation, depending on the desired product.

Methyl β-D-ribopyranoside is a sugar alcohol that belongs to the group of pentoses. It is a potential precursor for the synthesis of phosphite, which is a reactive anion used in organic chemistry. Methyl β-D-ribopyranoside has been shown to regulate the growth of bacteria and fungi by altering their metabolic pathways. This compound also has shown to be programmed death in certain bacterial strains, although it is not clear how it induces this programmed death. Methyl β-D-ribopyranoside can also affect the rhizosphere and can be used as a substrate for anions and sugar alcohols.

Propofol-4-Hydroxy-4-D-glucuronide is a fluorinated monosaccharide that has been synthesized using the glycosylation, polysaccharide and modification methods. This compound is a custom synthesis that has been modified with methylation and click chemistry. The CAS number for this product is 54910-87-6. This product is a complex carbohydrate with high purity.

2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl chloride (TAOC) is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe that has been used to study the structure of nuclei. It is synthesised by reacting acetyl chloride with sucrose in a reaction catalyzed by sodium hydroxide. The compound can be detected in quadrupole and resonance spectroscopy due to its high sensitivity to nuclear magnetic resonance. This NMR probe is typically used to study the structures of nuclei or for the analysis of polysaccharides.

Methyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside is a conjugate molecule made via a Fisher glycosylation with MeOH. It has been shown to have pesticidal activities and can be used in the production of pesticides or glycoconjugates. Methyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside is of interest as a vaccine adjuvant, due to its ability to activate the immune system. This compound also has anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose is a selectively protected intermediate, where the anomeric 1-O-hydroxyl group is free. This hemiacetal has been used successfully as an intermediate for glucosylation couplings, where it was converted into 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose trichloroacetimidate using trichloroacetonitrile in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate and DBU. Importantly, this imidate donor with no neighbouring participating groups is commonly used for the selective formation of α-glucosides. 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose can also be oxidized to the lactone, or reduced to give the open chain form. Additionally, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose can be used for the preparation of glucono-1,5-lactone hydrazine, which was used, in-turn, to form a glucosylidene-spirocyclopropane.