Antibiotic

<p>L-Azatyrosine from Streptomyces chibaensis is an antitumor antibiotic reversing Ras-transformed cell behavior.</p>

<p>Deacetylcephalothin Sodium Salt is an impurity in the synthesis of Cefalonium. It used as a long-acting intramammary cerate for the infusion of dairy cows.</p>

<p>Sinafloxacin Mesylate is a quinolone antibiotic potentially for the treatment of bacterial infections.</p>

<p>Epitetracycline is an epimer of the antibiotic tetracycline . Epimers of tetracycline form without catalysis and are considered degradation products. Epitetracycline has decreased activity as an antibiotic or a Tet repressor effector but may have stronger toxic effects in animals.</p>

<p>Azaserine (CI-337) is a tumor-inhibiting antibiotic isolated from a species of Streptomyces and functions as an inhibitor of glutamine amidotransferase.</p>

<p>Lincomycin-B is a lincosamide antibiotic isolated from the actinomycete Streptomyces lincolnensis.</p>

<p>Tebipenem is an orally available carbapenem antibiotic. It displays broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria.</p>

<p>Vincristine, a microtubule disruptor, inhibits mitosis in cancer cells, useful in leukemia research.</p>

<p>Camptothecin (CPT) belongs to the alkaloid group of natural products and is a specific DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitor (IC50=679 nM) with specificity.</p>

<p>LY 186826 is an antibacterial agent with bicyclic pyrazolidinone properties.</p>

<p>Riodoxol is an antiviral agent that effectively affects the reproduction and maturation of viruses.</p>

<p>AFK-108 is a fungicide agent.</p>

<p>Amcinafal is an active diol,and used against virus replication and interferon production.</p>

<p>Compound 5, an antiviral agent, effectively targets murine norovirus, with potential in infectious disease and oncology research.</p>

<p>Phenosulfazole is a potent antiviral agent which has the potential for the research of poliomyelitis virus [1].</p>

<p>Saquayamycin B, a glycoside, targets Gram-positive bacteria and both adriamycin-sensitive and -resistant P388 leukemia cells.</p>

<p>Vidarabine phosphate is an adenosine monophosphate analog.</p>

<p>MptpB-IN-1: orally active, potent MptpB inhibitor; reduces drug-resistant tuberculosis.</p>

<p>Niclosamide Monohydrate is used for the treatment of most tapeworm infections by inhibiting DNA replication.</p>

<p>4-((4-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid is a sulfonamide compound that can be used as an anti infective agent [1].</p>

<p>Chitin synthase inhibitor 4: a CHS inhibitor with antimicrobial properties, potential fungicide.</p>

<p>SQ109 (NSC-722041) is an effective inhibitor of the trypomastigote form of the parasite (IC50 = 50 nM). SQ109 is an antitubercular agent and targets MmpL3.</p>

<p>Ormetoprim (Ro 5-9754), an antibiotic approved for use in the United States, is used to prevent the spread of disease in freshwater aquaculture.</p>

<p>RMI 10874 is a tilorone analogue. Tilorone is an orally bioavailable antiviral agent.</p>

<p>SSJ-183 is a low-toxicity and orally available and anti-malarial drug with an IC50 = 7.6 nM against P. falciparum and no lethality at doses up to 2000 mg/kg po.</p>

<p>Albitiazolium bromide is an antimalarial compound disrupting phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in Plasmodium, transported via NPP and cation carriers.</p>

<p>Linogliride fumarate, a guanidine derivative, stimulates insulin release by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels, enhancing glucose tolerance.</p>

<p>Pyrrofolic acid shows high anti-folate biological activity for S. faecalis.</p>

<p>S 863390 is a renin inhibitor.</p>

<p>Tunicamine is a reversible polyprenol-phosphate inhibitor.</p>

<p>Chitin synthase inhibitor 2 (2b) has an IC50 of 0.09 mM, K i 0.12 mM, shows in vitro antimicrobial activity and boosts fluconazole/polyoxin B.</p>

<p>CRK12-IN-1: strong inhibitor of CRK12, kills T.b. brucei &amp; T. congolense (EC50s: 1.3 &amp; 18 nM).</p>

<p>BRD-8000.3 is a narrow-spectrum antimycobacterial targeting EfpA, inhibiting lipid transport in drug-tolerant Mtb and useful in structural and functional.</p>

<p>Alalevonadifloxacin HCl is a novel l-alanine ester prodrug of levonadifloxacin.</p>

<p>Pafuramidine is an orally bioavailable prodrug of formamidine which was developed for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis.</p>

<p>Exeporfinium chloride(XF-73) is an antimicrobial agent that can weaken bacterial cell walls.</p>

<p>Epirubicin, a doxorubicin derivative, is an antineoplastic, inhibits topoisomerase, DNA/RNA synthesis, and Foxp3, reducing T cell activity.</p>

<p>Linogliride: a guanidine derivative, inhibits insulin release, and enhances glucose tolerance by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pancreatic beta cells.</p>

<p>Verticillin A, an apoptosis inducer, inhibits Leiomyosarcoma and Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor growth.</p>

<p>Pentachloropseudilin inhibits Myosin-1 and speeds up TGF-β receptor turnover, suppressing TGF-β activity.</p>

<p>FR900098, a fosmidomycin derivative, has potent antimalarial effects, targeting DOXP reductoisomerase and eradicating P. vinckei in mice at &gt;10 mg/kg.</p>

<p>Abimtrelvir exhibited antiviral activity.</p>

<p>Rosaramicin, a lipid-soluble basic macrolide, is an antibacterial substance similar to erythromycin but with a better activity against Gram-negative bacteria.</p>

<p>Xenalamine is a synthetic compound of antiviral.</p>

<p>Pyrazofurin, a pyrimidine analogue, blocks cell growth and DNA synthesis by targeting UMP synthase &amp; orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase (IC50: 0.06-0.37 μM).</p>

<p>DDD01035881 is a anti-malarial drug that blocks parasite-to-mosquito transmission by targeting the Plasmodium vesicle membrane protein Pfs16.</p>

<p>Ferric citrate as a source of iron used in cell culture applications can provide iron with a less toxic form compared to free iron salts.</p>

<p>Lipoxamycin hemisulfate (Lipoxamycin) is an inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase (IC50 = 21 nM) with antifungal activity.</p>

<p>Lincophenicol is an Escherichia coli ribosomal peptidyltransferase-catalyzed puromycin reaction inhibitor.</p>

<p>Acyclovir monophosphate, a strong anti-HSV agent, inhibits viral DNA polymerase, blocking DNA synthesis and chain elongation.</p>

<p>Carnidazole (ME-108) shows antiprotozoal activity and can be used in studies about the treatment of Trichomonas infection.</p>

<p>Nortopixantrone HCl (BBR 3438) is a novel 9-azacyclonopyrazole that shows antitumor activity in a human prostate cancer model.</p>

<p>Azidamfenicol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase with a Ki of 22 µM. Azidamfenicol is a broad-spectrum chloramphenicol-like antibiotic.</p>

<p>Quinupristin, a macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotic, inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria.</p>

<p>Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.</p>

<p>Antiviral agent 17, EC50 0.015 μM in human assay, effective against murine norovirus, may aid infectious/malignant disease research.</p>

<p>Trombodipine (PCA-4230) is a platelet aggregation inhibitor with antithrombotic activity and protection against Listeria monocytogenes.</p>

<p>Nilofabicin (CG-400549) is a potent inhibitor of enoyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase fall(FabI) and can be used in studies about the treatment of complicated</p>

<p>Oseltamivir acid methyl ester, a CES1-convertible neuraminidase inhibitor, serves as an antiviral prodrug.</p>

<p>CcpA-IN-1 is a Staphylococcus aureus antibiotic exhibiting significant bactericidal activity (MICs=460 nM) [1].</p>

<p>DuP-721: broad-spectrum, oral antibiotic targeting various bacteria, including M. tuberculosis.</p>

<p>OM173-αA is a quinone bacterial metabolite that inhibits the growth of the bacteria M.</p>

<p>N-(3-Oxobutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C4-HSL) serves as an autoregulator for carbapenem antibiotic biosynthesis in Erwinia carotovora ATCC 39048 and induces the expression of rhiI in R. leguminosarum [1].</p>

<p>Aranciamycin (Compound 1), an anthracycline antibiotic, exhibits collagenase inhibitory activity (IC50 3.7*10^-7 M) and can inhibit DNA synthesis in tumor cells</p>

<p>Cladosporin, from Cladosporium cladosporioid fungus, halts dermatophyte growth on agar at 75 μg/mL.</p>

<p>SDH-IN-3 is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor, demonstrating potent antifungal activity with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 7.2 μg/mL and an</p>

<p>4'-Acetyl-chrysomycin B, a 4'-acetylated analog of chrysomycin B, exhibits anti-Gram-positive bacterial and antimicrobial activities [1].</p>

<p>Caerulomycin A (Caerulomycin) (Cerulomycin; Caerulomycin) is an antifungal compound.</p>

<p>Calicheamicin (Calicheamicin γ1) is an antitumor antibiotic and is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. It also is a cytotoxic agent that causes double-strand DNA breaks.</p>

<p>Myxopyronin A is an inhibitor of bacterial RNA polymerase.</p>

<p>Gusperimus trihydrochloride is a derivative of the antitumor antibiotic spergualin with immunosuppressant activity.</p>

<p>S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase is responsible for the reversible hydrolysis of SAH into adenosine and homocysteine. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to the accumulation of SAH within cells, thereby increasing the SAH to S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) ratio and subsequently inhibiting SAM-dependent methyltransferases. (−)-Neplanocin A, a potent and irreversible inhibitor of SAH hydrolase (Ki= 8.39 nM), exhibits significant antitumor activity against mouse leukemia L1210 cells and holds broad-spectrum antiviral properties. Its efficacy notably surpasses that of the reversible inhibitor 3-deazaneplanocin, especially in combating vesicular stomatitis, evidencing a higher potency with ID50 values of 0.07 μg/ml for Neplanocin A versus 0.3 μg/ml for 3-deazaneplanocin.</p>

<p>Pristinamycin IA (Mikamycin B) is a substrate for the P-glycoprotein and a cyclo-peptidic macrolactone antibiotic.</p>

<p>Trovafloxacin: broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, blocks DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV and PANX1 channel (IC50=4μM).</p>

<p>Berkeleylactone E, a macrolide antibiotic [1], exhibits antimicrobial properties.</p>

<p>Rosoxacin (Acrosoxacin) shows antibacterial activities against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative bacteria including Neisseria gonorrhoeae (MIC90 = 0.03mg/ml).</p>

<p>Alatrofloxacin is a prodrug of trovafloxacin.</p>

<p>β-Lactamase-IN-2 is an inhibitor of β-Lactamase with anti-microbial and anti-bacterial effects.</p>

<p>Compound 6d (Antibacterial agent 159) is an antibiotic effective against impetigo and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), with no observed recurrence for CDI</p>

<p>Annamycin, a semi-synthetic doxorubicin derivative, binds DNA, blocks topoisomerase II, and evades MDR, inhibiting DNA/RNA/protein synthesis.</p>

<p>N-Acetylpurinomycin is a selective agonist of CB2 receptor.</p>

<p>AS-2077715, an antifungal agent, exhibits inhibitory activity against Trichophyton species and is derived from the fermentation broth of Capnodium sp. 339855. It is utilized in the study of fungal infections [1].</p>

<p>Toxoflavin (Xanthothricin) is an antagonist of transcription factor 4 (TCF4)/β-catenin complex. Toxoflavin also acts as an inhibitor of KDM4A.</p>

<p>Methacycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and effectively suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It blocks EMT in vitro and inhibits fibrogenesis in vivo without directly affecting the TGF-β1Smad signaling pathway. As an antimicrobial agent, Methacycline holds potential for research in pulmonary fibrosis.</p>

<p>Mal-PEG4-VA-PBD is a drug-linker conjugate for Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), comprising the antitumor antibiotic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD), connected</p>

<p>Myxothiazol blocks mitochondrial complex III and triggers SESN2, a gene important for stress response.</p>

<p>Ganaplacide hydrochloride (KAF156 HCl) is an orally administered imidazopyrimidine antimalarial agent that inhibits Plasmodium PI4K activity.</p>

<p>Imidocarb dihydrochloride monohydrate is an effective antiprotozoal agent against the parasite B. bovis (IC50: 87 μg/ml).</p>

<p>Ceftolozane TFA is a cephalosporin class antibiotic (antibiotic) designed to inhibit Gram-negative bacterial infections. Additionally, it can be utilized in the synthesis of novel antibiotics (antibiotic) that are more efficacious and safer.</p>

<p>TAN-1057C is a potent antibiotic with antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).</p>

<p>Cefamandole (lithium), a second-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, exhibits antimicrobial activity. Upon metabolism in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can lead to hypoprothrombinemia.</p>

<p>Anti-MRSA agent 19 (Compound 1) is an antibiotic that exhibits activity against Staphylococcus aureus. It is active against 40 clinical isolates from the CDC, representing diverse bacterial species with various resistance factors, including resistance to vancomycin, aminoglycoside/tetracycline, and oxazolidinone (median MIC=4 μg/mL).</p>

<p>CRS-3123, a methionyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of enteric infections.</p>

<p>Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor28 (Compound 11) serves as an inhibitor for the Pseudomonas aeruginosa carbonic anhydrase. It exhibits antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 0.5 and 1 μg/mL, respectively, against P. aeruginosa. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor28 is utilized in research focused on anti-infection applications.</p>

<p>MLEB-22043 is a synthetic siderophore-monocyclic β-lactam conjugate which enters bacteria through TonB-dependent transport proteins utilizing its siderophore component, subsequently exerting antibacterial activity via its β-lactam portion. This compound acts as a broad-spectrum antibiotic, exhibiting significant inhibitory activity against pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</p>

<p>DRF-8417 is an oxazolidinone antibiotic, active against both Gram-positive bacteria and fastidious Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of DRF-8417 for Gram-positive pathogens range between 0.06-1 mg/L.</p>

<p>Bleomycin Free Base, a glycopeptide antibiotic, halts DNA function and treats solid tumors.</p>

<p>Cilastatin ammonium salt is an antibiotic that is particularly effective against Gram-positive cocci, with a half-life of 3-4 hours.</p>

<p>Acetomycin, a γ-lactone from S. ramulosus, halts HCT-8 colon and L1210 leukemia cell growth.</p>

<p>Amicoumacin A has antibacterial activity. It also strongly suppresses inflammatory and ulcer activity.</p>

<p>Spicamycin can be used as a potent inducer of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60) and murine myeloid leukemia cells (M1).</p>

<p>Mucidin is an antifungal antibiotic that inhibits electron transfer reactions within the mitochondrial respiratory chain's cytochrome bc1 complex.</p>