Dyes, Stains and Tinctures

<p>WST-5 is a colourless compounds which become coloured when reduced to WST-5 formazan forming a blue colour. Traditionally used as an indicator of cell metabolism in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, WST-5 functions as an artificial electron acceptor and thus detects dehydrogenase activities. The production of coloured formazan is irreversible and can be quantified using spectrophotometry.</p>

<p>Single isomer of 5(6)-ROX. It is a fluorescent dye used in RT-PCR methods as an internal reference to determine fluorescence variation that is not associated with the amplification process (plastic of the wells, small differences in concentration or volume, instrument measurements). It produces a constant fluorescence emission signal during the PCR process that is used to normalise the emission produced by the reporter. The fluorescence signal is compatible with that of most reporters. It is used to label the 5’ end of oligonucleotides as a reporter in the presence of a quencher at the 3’ end (dual labelled probe). During amplification, the dye is cleaved, and the fluorescence increases proportionally with the amount of the specific sequence amplified during the PCR process. The development of the fluorescence signal is therefore specifically related to the amplification of the target sequence. 6-ROX with NHS-activated carboxylic acids reacts with primary amines.</p>

<p>Dimidium bromide is a cationic surfactant that is used in detergent compositions. It is a magnesium salt of a fatty acid and has been shown to be effective against infectious diseases when it is used to clean contaminated surfaces. Dimidium bromide has been shown to be an effective antimicrobial agent, even in the presence of benzalkonium chloride, which is an inhibitor of antimicrobial agents. When dimidium bromide is combined with nitrogen atoms, it can enhance the antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria. This compound also shows anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for wastewater treatment as well as for cell culture.</p>

<p>Solvent yellow 2 (SY2) is a fluorescent dye that can be used as a fluorescence probe in analytical methods. SY2 is an inhibitor of the polymerase chain reaction, which suggests that it may have inhibitory properties. SY2 binds to basic protein and inhibits enzymatic activity. It has been shown to have genotoxic activity and may cause DNA damage, but it does not affect cell viability. In addition, SY2 has been shown to be photostable and is not affected by matrix effects or biological studies.</p>

<p>Acid-base indicator dye, textile dye, histology and staining, yellow/red color</p>

<p>Tetranitroblue tetrazolium chloride (TNBT) is a reagent that is used to measure the activity of enzymes in biological samples. TNBT can be used as a histological stain for myocardial infarcts and other areas of necrosis. It has been shown to be reactive with toll-like receptors, which are proteins that play a role in the immune response. The reaction mechanism of TNBT starts with its conversion to blue formazan crystals by peroxidase or other oxidizing enzymes. These crystals are reduced back to their original colorless form by reducing agents such as NADH or glutathione, which are present in most cells. This reduction process generates an electron that is then transferred to NAD+, forming NADH and releasing H2O2 as a byproduct.</p>

<p>Tetrazolium blue chloride is a chemical compound that is used in the diagnosis of leukemia. It is a tetrazolium salt that reacts with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and produces an insoluble blue product. Tetrazolium blue chloride has been shown to be effective in treating human leukemic cells by causing DNA damage, which leads to cell death. Tetrazolium blue chloride has also been found to be an anti-inflammatory agent due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and production of reactive oxygen species.</p>

<p>Direct yellow PG is a reactive dye with a medium-fast rate of migration in the presence of an electrolyte. It is used as a yellow dye for cotton and other cellulosic materials. Direct yellow PG has very high light resistance and is also resistant to washing, perspiration, and rubbing. The dye solution has a pH value between 6.5 and 8.5.</p>

<p>Alizarin, traditionally obtained from the roots of the madder plant, has been used to dye textiles since early days. Alizarin red is used in histology and medicine to stain calcium-containing specimens, e.g. bones and calcifications. Chromogenic substrates for enzymes based on alizarin have been developed and, as an example, alizarin-beta-D-galactoside (Aliz-gal) has been reported for the detection of bacterial beta-galactosidase by researchers at the University of Northumbria and the Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne in the UK (James, 2000)</p>

<p>Solvent Blue 5 is a film-forming polymer that is used in the production of radiation-sensitive materials. It is soluble in many organic solvents and can be used as a coating for paper, textiles, metals, and plastics. Solvent Blue 5 has been found to be an excellent solvent for the removal of aliphatic hydrocarbons from water. The optical properties of Solvent Blue 5 are dependent on the length of the polymers chains and the concentration of sulfonic acids. This chemical also has a liquid crystal composition that has been shown to have metal ion activity. The functional groups on this polymer are mainly basic dyes that react with other substances to create new compounds.</p>

<p>6a-Methyl prednisolone 21-acetate is a corticosteroid that binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, which regulates gene transcription. It has been used as an injection solution for bowel disease, but has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. 6a-Methyl prednisolone 21-acetate reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines and may be a useful treatment for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 6a-Methyl prednisolone 21-acetate has also been shown to decrease inflammation in experimental models of tissue infection, such as sepsis in mice. This drug may be useful as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of sepsis in humans. 6a-Methyl prednisolone 21-acetate is not recommended for use in patients with congestive heart failure or severe kidney impairment because it can cause fluid retention and aggravation of these conditions.</p>

<p>Pigment Yellow 95 is a yellow colorant that is used in paints and plastics. It has been shown to have a high thermal expansion and good light resistance, which makes it an ideal candidate for coatings. Pigment Yellow 95 can be cross-linked with glycol esters or polycarboxylic acids to form a thermosetting plastic. Pigment Yellow 95 is also used as a radiation absorber in some types of smoke detectors. This pigment has been found to be toxic to aquatic organisms and has been associated with environmental pollution in the past.</p>

<p>Acid Blue 9 is a reactive dye that is used in the textile industry. It has been shown to decrease photosynthetic activity and cause long-term toxicity in aquatic organisms, although it has not been found to be toxic to humans. Acid Blue 9 adsorbs onto surfaces of wastewater treatment plants and may be responsible for the degradation of enzyme activities. Acid Blue 9 is often used as an analytical method for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.</p>

<p>Orange IV is a surfactant that is used to remove nitrogen from wastewater. It has been shown to be effective in removing nitrogen from wastewater, and can be used as a substitute for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Orange IV has been shown to have similar properties as SDS, but does not contain any sulfur atoms. This surfactant has been shown to have less of an effect on the ph of the water being treated, and can be considered for use in natural water where the ph is already acidic. The surface methodology for this surfactant includes flow assay, which uses fluorescence spectrometry and synchronous fluorescence. Fluorescence spectrometry involves measuring the amount of light emitted by a substance when irradiated with light of a certain wavelength. Synchronous fluorescence involves using two lasers with different wavelengths to measure how quickly or slowly molecules react with each other. In this case, it measures how quickly or slowly Orange IV reacts with other substances in order to determine</p>

<p>Pigment Red 23 - Technical is a pigment that is used in the textile industry. It has a particle size of 0.1-1 micron, and it is activated with nitrogen atoms. Pigment Red 23 - Technical has high values for analytical methods and it can be used to measure enzyme activities. Pigment Red 23 - Technical is an organic compound that reacts with glycol esters by a reaction mechanism involving hydroxyl groups. This reaction is catalyzed by basic structure, which may be water or an alcohol molecule. Pigment Red 23 - Technical can also be used in wastewater treatment to remove color and other pollutants from wastewater, as well as being used in radiation protection to absorb energy and convert it into heat.</p>

<p>Cresol Red Sodium Salt is a reagent, complex compound, and useful intermediate. It is CAS No. 62625-29-0 and has the molecular formula C10H8O4Na2S. It can be used as a building block for the synthesis of speciality chemicals, research chemicals, and versatile building blocks. This chemical can be used as a reaction component in organic syntheses.</p>

<p>Malachite green is an ionic dye that is used as an antifungal in aquatic systems and as a colorant, with an absorption maximum of 617nm and a pKa of 6.9. The dye is green as a solid but is partially converted to a colorless nonionic form in neutral-pH solutions. The dye is completely ionised to a blue-green color under acidic conditions (pH&lt;4) and converted to the colorless nonionic form under basic conditions (pH&gt;10.1). Water solubility decreases as pH increases, as the nonionic form of the dye is more lipophilic.</p>

<p>Disperse Yellow 3 is an organic compound that is used in wastewater treatment. It is a yellow, non-volatile dye with genotoxic activity and can be used as an analytical method for determining the concentration of fatty acids in a sample. Disperse Yellow 3 has been shown to have allergic reactions and is believed to be carcinogenic. The particle size of this substance is 6-8 microns. Disperse Yellow 3 can also be found in basic dyes and chemical analyses.</p>

<p>6-Carboxytetramethyl rhodamine is a fluorescent dye that is used to measure the presence of cancer cells in urine samples. It binds to human protein and has been shown to be a useful probe for fluorescence measurements. 6-Carboxytetramethyl rhodamine has also been used as a fluorescence probe for the detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and michaelis–menten kinetics in cyclic peptides.</p>

<p>Acid Orange 3 is a cationic surfactant that belongs to the family of dyes. It is used as a granulosa cell stain in histology, with the basic structure of a monosodium salt. Acid Orange 3 exhibits chronic oral toxicity in rats and mice, but does not show liver lesions at doses up to 4000 mg/kg. It has been shown to cause increased incidence of fatty acid oxidation, carcinogenic potential, and carcinogenesis studies in rats. Acid Orange 3 may also cause allergic reactions, such as skin irritation and erythema when applied topically. In some cases, it has been reported to cause contact dermatitis.</p>

<p>Nile blue chloride is a dye used in wastewater treatment. It can be used to measure the dry weight of a sample of material. Nile blue chloride has been shown to be a reliable fluorescent probe for bacterial detection in cell culture and tissue culture, as well as for the detection of infectious diseases. This compound has also been shown to have an effect on the oxygen transport in living cells, which may be due to its high affinity for fatty acids.</p>

<p>Pigment Red 210 (PR210) is a chemical with an orange-red color. PR210 is a hydroxyl compound with a glycol ether and glycol ester as the major components. It has been used as a control agent for plasma mass spectrometry. PR210 has good chemical stability and does not react with nitrogen atoms. It is also a molecule that consists of particles with a diameter of about 1 micrometer. The radiation from this pigment can cause allergic reactions in some people, and it may be toxic if inhaled or ingested because it can cross-link proteins in the body.<br>PR210 was first synthesized in the 1930s by reacting phenol with 2,4-dichloro-1,3-benzenediol to produce hydroquinone monomethyl ether and 2,4-dichloro-1,3-benzenediol monomethyl ether. The reaction products are then mixed in an acid solution</p>

<p>Pigment Yellow 83 is an organic compound that belongs to the group of glycol esters. It is a reactive dye that can be used for coloring textiles, plastics, and other materials. Pigment Yellow 83 has been shown to contain nitrogen atoms in its chemical structure and contains a reactive hydrogen atom (H) on the hydroxyl group. This reactive form may have carcinogenic potential due to its ability to cause DNA damage. Pigment Yellow 83 also contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an amine (-NH2). The presence of this amine makes this compound chemically reactive and capable of forming bonds with other molecules or particles.</p>

<p>Solvent Red 27 is a dye that reacts with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It inhibits the activity of ATP-binding cassette transporter, which is an enzyme that transports various molecules across cell membranes, and prevents the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Solvent Red 27 also inhibits the activities of enzymes such as dapagliflozin and dpp-iv inhibitors. It also has been shown to be involved in energy metabolism and body formation by inhibiting leukemia inhibitory factor. This compound has been used in experimental models to study 3t3-l1 preadipocytes and human serum.</p>

<p>Disperse Orange 11 is a diazo dye that is used in wastewater treatment. It has been shown to have genotoxic effects and is capable of damaging DNA. Disperse Orange 11 is also toxic, causing damage to the liver and kidneys. Disperse Orange 11 has been shown to be highly reactive in supercritical water and can react with other molecules to form new compounds. The reaction mechanism of Disperse Orange 11 involves intramolecular hydrogen transfer from the nitrogen atom on the diazonium group to an electron-deficient carbon atom on the dye molecule, forming a new compound with a different structure. Experimental solubility data for Disperse Orange 11 shows that it has higher solubility in orange juice than water.</p>

<p>Aniline blue is a dye that is used in microbiological testing. It is used to detect the presence of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, as well as to diagnose skin conditions. Aniline blue has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria and has been used in clinical studies to test for infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. The dye binds with nucleic acids, which prevents further synthesis of DNA, RNA, or protein. Aniline blue also reacts with carbonyl groups in proteins and light exposure can lead to cross-linking between amino acid residues, which can reduce its effectiveness against bacteria.</p>

<p>Acid red 88 is a synthetic dye that has been used as a colorant in food, textiles and cosmetics. It is also used in wastewater treatment to remove organic pollutants from water. Acid red 88 has shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, including fish and crustaceans. It has also shown to be highly adsorptive and stable in the environment. The hydrochloric acid-catalyzed conversion of Acid red 88 yields stable complexes with metals such as nickel, copper and zinc. These metal complexes are more resistant to degradation by biological treatment than other metal complexes with Acid red 88. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy showed that diazonium salt reacts with Acid Red 88 to form a diazo compound that can react with amines or ammonia gas to form an azoxy compound. This reaction can be catalyzed by activated carbon or detergent compositions containing an amine or ammonia gas. The hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group on the dye molecule and the hydrogen atom</p>

<p>C.I.Disperse Orange 76 (CIDO76) is a photostable, fluorescent dye that is used as a particle marker in analytical chemistry and other fields. It has shown to be genotoxic and carcinogenic in animal models, but the clinical relevance of these findings is unclear. CIDO76 can be prepared by reacting amines with diazonium salt, which produces azo dyes. It is also used as an optical sensor for thermally activated reactions and can be detected using chromatographic methods. CIDO76 emits light at 675 nm when irradiated with ultraviolet light, which makes it useful for many applications including wastewater treatment and detection of model systems.</p>

<p>Oil Blue A is a blue pigment that is used as an initiator for the polymerization of thermoset plastics. It is synthesized by combining copper oxide and methylene blue in a microassay, which then undergoes thermal polymerization. The particle size of Oil Blue A ranges from 10 to 30 μm, with an average diameter of 15 μm. This product has a hydrophilic nature and can be used in the manufacture of paint and ink.</p>

<p>Indoine blue is a dye that can be used for the staining of cell nuclei in tissue sections. Indoine blue is a molecule with an acidic and basic dye group, which can be titrated with hydrochloric acid and amines to produce different colors. Indoine blue has been shown to have affinity values of 0.06 to 0.1 M in agarose gels and polymer films, respectively. Indoine blue is also an electron-rich molecule with an oxidation potential of -0.36 V (versus SCE).</p>

<p>Direct Blue 6 is a reactive dye that is used in wastewater treatment. It is used for the removal of basic dyes and other contaminants from industrial wastewater. Direct Blue 6 is a reactive dye that has been shown to have carcinogenic potential. Direct Blue 6 has been shown to bind with aminotransferase activity and amines, which may lead to toxicity in mammals. The optimum concentration of Direct Blue 6 is 0.5 parts per million (ppm). This product can be hazardous if inhaled or ingested, and should not be handled without gloves or safety glasses.</p>

<p>Basic red 46 is a basic dye that can be used in the treatment of wastewater. It is cationic and has a high affinity for nitrogen atoms, which are often found in organic compounds. It has been shown to exhibit good stability while adsorbing to phosphorus pentoxide at pH &gt; 10. Basic red 46 also has the ability to bind to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products when present in an experimental model. The mechanism of this binding is still not well understood, but it may occur through adsorption or by chemical reactions with the DNA bases. Basic red 46's adsorption properties have been studied using surface methodology, which revealed that its kinetic energy was greater than that of other dyes.</p>

<p>Pigment orange 13 is a methoxylated, advances, photosensitive pigment. It is used in the manufacture of plastics and paints. Pigment orange 13 has been shown to be resistant to ionization mass spectrometry and laser desorption ionization techniques. This pigment is analyzed using analytical techniques such as ionization mass spectrometry and laser desorption ionization with a macroscopic approach. Pigment orange 13 can be dimerized into other compounds by heat or acid treatment.</p>

<p>Direct Red 28 is a dye that can be used in wastewater treatment. It can be adsorbed onto activated sludge, which reduces the amount of sludge needing to be treated. Direct Red 28 reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form a fluorescent derivative that has antimicrobial properties. Direct Red 28 also has been shown to have an effect on the enzyme activities of kidney bean extract and to inhibit the growth of bacteria in model systems. This dye is not toxic for body formation. However, it can react with potassium dichromate and hl-60 cells, which may lead to side effects such as skin irritation.</p>

<p>Acid Orange 74 is a reactive dye that is used in wastewater treatment. It is a water-soluble dye that can be used to measure the rate of water permeability and hydrogen bond. Acid Orange 74 has been shown to induce apoptosis through its interaction with the survivin protein. The reactivity of Acid Orange 74 to wild-type cells is higher than its reactivity with mutant cells, which may be due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds in wild-type cells more easily than mutant cells. Acid Orange 74 was found to bind monoclonal antibodies and guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, which are involved in DNA replication and repair. This dye also induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to oxidative stress in cells.</p>

<p>RIPA (Radio-Immuno Precipitation Assay) Buffer is a ready- to-use versatile solution and widely used lysis buffer for preparing cell lysates for a variety of protein-related applications. Radio Immuno Precipitation Assay buffer (RIPA buffer) is used for rapid, efficient cell lysis and solubilization of proteins from both adherent and suspension cultured mammalian cells. RIPA lysis extraction buffer contains non-ionic and ionic detergents which are able to extract protein from wide variety of cell types and membrane structuresProtein lysis can be completed within 45 to 60 minutes. </p>

<p>SpryBlue stain is a staining solution used for staining SDS Polyacrylamide gels. It is a ready-to-use stain for proteins that is quick and sensitive. Based on Coomassie blue G-250 dye’s properties, the stain is more sensitive than Coomassie blue R-250. The added advantage is that it requires no destaining procedures. <br><br><br>Quick staining procedure <br>- Bands are seen with good intensity within one hour. <br>- Faint bands seen within 15 minutes of addition of the stain <br>- No destaining procedures, thus reducing time and effort<br>- No shrinkage of gels, no background from overnight staining. <br>- Optional wash with water helps increase sensitivity of fainter bands.</p>

<p>20X Borate Buffer is a stock solution that is ideal for preparing sodium borate buffer solutions for use in protein modification procedures requiring amine-free buffer at alkaline pH. Simply dilute the stock solution with pure water and proceed with your experiment. The 20X Borate Buffer pH remains 8.5, when diluted to 1X with water.</p>

<p>A ready-to-use 2X solution with beta-mercaptoethanol as a reducing agent. Used in SDS-PAGE for loading of conventional proteins. The use of Laemmli sample buffer ensures optimal band resolution when preparing proteins for SDS-PAGE with Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer. <br> Role of 2X SDS PAGE Sample buffer :<br> 1 .Tris-HCl is a buffer and it’s pH plays an essential role in preserving peptide bonds from breaking apart.<br> 2. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is an anionic detergent that helps in linearizing (by denaturing) the proteins and bringing a net negative charge to the proteins irrespective of the initial charge.<br> 3. The high density of glycerol ensures the sample moves down into the well.<br> 4. Beta-mercaptoethanol, along with SDS, ensure the bands are individual polypeptide instead of molecular complexes.<br> 5. The dye visually indicates the location (tracking) of the sample in the gel. </p>

<p>It is the most commonly used sample buffer for SDS-PAGE of denatured proteins. It is a ready-to-use 5X solution with dithiothreitol (DTT) as a reducing agent. It can be used for SDS-PAGE protein loading of conventional proteins. The use of sample buffer ensures optimal band resolution when preparing proteins for SDS-PAGE with Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer. :It is the most commonly used sample buffer for SDS-PAGE of denatured proteins. It is a ready-to-use 5X solution with dithiothreitol (DTT) as a reducing agent. It can be used for SDS-PAGE protein loading of conventional proteins. The use of sample buffer ensures optimal band resolution when preparing proteins for SDS-PAGE with Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer. :It is the most commonly used sample buffer for SDS-PAGE of denatured proteins. It is a ready-to-use 5X solution with dithiothreitol (DTT) as a reducing agent. It can be used for SDS-PAGE protein loading of conventional proteins. The use of sample buffer ensures optimal band resolution when preparing proteins for SDS-PAGE with Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer.Role of reagents: <br> Tris-HCl: as a buffering substance. The pH play an essential role in preserving peptide bonds from breaking apart. <br> SDS: Proteins comes in different sizes and charges. SDS is an anionic detergent that helps in linearizing (by denaturing) the proteins and bringing a net negative charge to the proteins irrespective of the initial charge. <br> Glycerol: The high density (thickening of the solution) of glycerol ensures the sample moves down into the well. <br> DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT): is a strong reducing agent. Its specific role in sample denaturation is to remove the last bit of tertiary and quaternary structure by reducing disulfide bonds.<br> Bromophenol Blue: visually indicates the location (tracking dye) of the sample in the gel. </p>

<p>It is the most commonly used sample buffer for SDS-PAGE of non-denatured proteins It is a ready-to-use 5X solution without dithiothreitol (DTT) and Beta-mercaptoethanol (BME) as a reducing agent. This buffer can be used as a loading buffer in all kinds of denaturing gels and are compatible with Coomassie, silver staining and Western blotting. The 5X concentration of this buffer facilitates the loading of larger sample volume per well compared to the traditional 2X loading buffer.Role of reagents: <br> Tris-HCl: as a buffering substance. The pH play an essential role in preserving peptide bonds from breaking apart. <br> SDS: Proteins comes in different sizes and charges. SDS is an anionic detergent that helps in linearizing (by denaturing) the proteins and bringing a net negative charge to the proteins irrespective of the initial charge. <br> Glycerol: The high density (thickening of the solution) of glycerol ensures the sample moves down into the well. <br> Bromophenol Blue: visually indicates the location (tracking dye) of the sample in the gel. </p>

<p>A ready-to-use 5X solution with beta-mercaptoethanol as a reducing agent. Used in SDS-PAGE for loading of conventional proteins. The use of Laemmli sample buffer ensures optimal band resolution when preparing proteins for SDS-PAGE with Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer. Role of 5X SDS PAGE Sample buffer :1. Tris is a buffer and it’s pH plays an essential role in preserving peptide bonds from breaking apart.<br> 2. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is an anionic detergent that helps in linearizing (by denaturing) the proteins and bringing a net negative charge to the proteins irrespective of the initial charge.<br> 3. The high density of glycerol ensures the sample moves down into the well.<br> 4. Beta-mercaptoethanol, along with SDS, ensure the bands are individual polypeptide instead of molecular complexes.<br> 5. The dye visually indicates the location (tracking) of the sample in the gel. </p>

<p>Fast green FCF is a light green dye that is soluble in water and ethanol. It has been used as an analytical reagent, a dye, and a pigment. Fast green FCF exhibits its fluorescence in the presence of ultraviolet light. The mechanism of this reaction is not well understood but it may be due to the hydroxyl group on the molecule. Fast green FCF has been shown to activate toll-like receptor 2 and 4, which are proteins found on leukocytes that are involved in innate immunity. This compound also possesses anti-inflammatory effects in Chinese medicine.</p>

<p>Pigment Yellow 111 is a hydrophobic, micrometer-sized pigment with a bathochromic color. It has functional groups and additives that impart metal ion tolerance and pH stability. Pigment Yellow 111 also has an acidic surface and is soluble in fatty acids, chlorine, and silicon. Pigment Yellow 111 can be used as a coating or as an additive to produce electrostatic toner in electrophotographic applications.</p>

<p>Martius Yellow is a yellow pigment that is soluble in organic solvents and water. It is a member of the hydroxyl group and has an intramolecular hydrogen. Martius Yellow can polymerize with other molecules to form polymers, which are insoluble in water. This dye is used as a food colouring agent and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties when injected into the cell cytoplasm. Martius Yellow has also been shown to protect against ischemia reperfusion injury in cells by preventing the release of nitric oxide. Martius Yellow can be synthesized from nitrobenzene and phenol using the analytical method called Tollens' reagent, which consists of mixing the two compounds together followed by adding concentrated sulfuric acid and then heating the solution until it turns yellow.</p>

<p>Prednisolone 21-hemisuccinate is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has antiinflammatory activity. Prednisolone 21-Hemisuccinate is used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as various other types of inflammatory conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases. It is also used to treat myocardial infarcts and various types of cancer (e.g., leukemia). Prednisolone 21-hemisuccinate acts by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor, which alters gene expression and protein synthesis in cells. Prednisolone 21-Hemisuccinate binds to the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), thereby inhibiting inflammation in mouse models of colitis. Prednisolone 21-Hemisuccinate also decreases glucose levels by decreasing insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.</p>

<p>Disperse Red 1 methacrylate is a gel permeation chromatography agent that has been shown to be useful in regenerative medicine. This compound can be used as a fluorescent label for optical sensors that are designed to detect angiogenic processes. Disperse Red 1 methacrylate can also be used for confocal microscopy imaging and coverslips. It has a vibrational frequency of about 2800 cm-1 and an absorption spectrum with a maximum at 594 nm, which is red in colour. Disperse Red 1 methacrylate has been shown to have anti-cancer properties, which may be due to its ability to interfere with the cellular microenvironment by binding to proteins, affecting their conformation and function.</p>

<p>C.I. Acid Red 35 is a diacid with a hydroxyl group that belongs to the group of dyes. It is used in cosmetics for its color and as a polymerization initiator for polyesters, epoxy resins and silicone elastomers. C.I. Acid Red 35 is also used as a control agent in textile dyeing, papermaking, and leather tanning to prevent the formation of unwanted color reactions or cross-linking reactions with other chemicals. The dye has been shown to react with metal hydroxides to form metal complexes and reactive molecules when exposed to ammonia or acidified sodium nitrite. C.I. Acid Red 35 is soluble in organic solvents, but insoluble in water due to its intramolecular hydrogen bonding and intermolecular hydrogen bonding with fatty acids on the surface of cellulose fibers or unsaturated alkyl chains on the surface of nylon fibers. This dye has been shown to be reactive with carb</p>

<p>Cloprednol is an anti-infective agent that belongs to the group of aziridine derivatives. It is a synthetic analog of prednisolone, which has been shown to inhibit the inflammatory response in the intestine. Cloprednol has been shown to be highly biocompatible and its long-term efficacy against microbial infection has been demonstrated by kinetic data. This drug also inhibits choroidal neovascularization, which is a major cause of blindness in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Cloprednol is used for the treatment of bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. It also has been shown to be effective in treating autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.</p>

<p>Mordant Black 11 is a water-soluble dye that is used in the treatment of wastewater. Mordant Black 11 binds to surface particles and enhances the removal of organic matter from wastewater. It has been shown to be effective for the treatment of human serum, which contains high levels of proteins and other macromolecules. Mordant Black 11 efficiently adsorbs onto the surface of these macromolecules, leading to a decrease in the amount of protein adsorbed on the surface. The kinetic data for this process have been obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and by measuring changes in pH due to ionization. A magnesium salt is required for the synthesis of Mordant Black 11, as well as potassium dichromate or other chromium salts and fatty acids.</p>

<p>C.I. Acid Green 41 is a deodorizing agent that contains a hydroxyl group and a functional group. It is used as an anti-viral agent in medical and dental applications, as well as for flow assay control agents in the laboratory. The color of this substance has been shown to be yellowish green by spectroscopic analysis. C.I. Acid Green 41 is activated with radiation, which causes it to form a coordination complex with metal ions such as copper and silver ions. This complex gives the substance its green coloration and also increases its stability against oxidation by air or water. The solubility of this product can be increased by adding deionized water to it.END&gt;</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 16a-Methyl prednisolone 21-acetate including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Sanodure grey NL including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Benzo[k]fluoranthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is used as an optical sensor for transcriptional regulation. It has been shown to activate the transcription factor NF-κB, which induces expression of inflammatory genes in cells. Benzo[k]fluoranthene can be used to measure changes in gene expression and protein levels. The antibody response to benzo[k]fluoranthene was studied using a kinetic data analysis method. Benzo[k]fluoranthene has also been shown to induce genotoxic effects in liver cells and human hepatoma cell line HepG2. This compound also causes light emission when it is excited with light, which can be measured with synchronous fluorescence.</p>

<p>Fluprednisolone is an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid that has been used for the treatment of a number of conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and eye disorders. This drug is administered topically and can be used to treat eye disorders such as choroidal neovascularization. Fluprednisolone has been shown to inhibit the production of growth factors in animal models, which may be due to its interaction with mineralocorticoid receptors. It also has a detergent effect on proteins, which may help to dissolve protein aggregates that can form in ocular tissues.</p>

<p>For the identification of acidophilic cells, blue color</p>

<p>Pigment Yellow 120 is a pigment that belongs to the group of amide colorants. It has a yellow-orange hue and high thermal stability. Pigment Yellow 120 has been shown to be soluble in organic solvents, such as n-propyl ether, but insoluble in water. The molecular weight of pigment yellow 120 ranges from 800 to 1200 g/mol. Pigment Yellow 120 is produced by the polymerization reaction of monomers containing an amide group and a hydroxyl or basic group with a metal ion, such as copper or nickel, as a catalyst. This process also produces polycarboxylic acid groups and particles with diameters ranging from 0.1 micrometers to 2 micrometers.</p>

<p>Acid Green 50 is a reactive dye that is used for wastewater treatment and in the pharmaceutical industry. It has been shown to be an effective treatment for infectious diseases, such as herpes simplex virus. Acid Green 50 binds to biological surfaces and forms a film-forming polymer. The adsorption mechanism of Acid Green 50 has been studied using kinetic data and kinetic studies. The acylation reaction of Acid Green 50 with collagen gel has also been investigated. This dye is able to emit light when excited by UV radiation and can be used in a flow system. In addition, this dye can be synthesized using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p>

<p>Acridine orange hydrochloride hydrate is a fine chemical that can be used as a reagent or building block in research and other chemical reactions. It is used as a speciality chemical with CAS number 1704465-79-1. Acridine orange hydrochloride hydrate has versatile applications and is used as a reaction component or intermediate. Acridine orange hydrochloride hydrate is also useful as a scaffold to make complex compounds.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Af488-alkyne including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>5-Chloro-2-methyl-3-isothiazolone (CMIT) is a highly water-soluble apoptotic agent and preservative with numerous applications. It is used in anti-microbial coatings, latex formulations, hydraulic fracturing fluids, pesticides and cosmetics. CMIT in conjunction with 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT) is marketed as Kathon. CMIT is also an allergen. CMIT is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. CMIT is believed to form mixed disulfides with protein thiol groups which then undergo thiol-disulfide exchange reactions to give mixed protein thiol disulfides leading to cell apoptosis and necrosis.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Methylene violet including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>6b-Hydroxy prednisolone is a metabolite of prednisolone. The metabolism of prednisolone to 6b-hydroxy prednisolone is catalyzed by the enzyme CYP3A4, which results in the formation of 6β-hydroxyprednisolone and a hydrogen peroxide that reacts with catalase to form water and oxygen. The conversion is dependent on the concentration of galactose, as it provides substrate for CYP3A4. If cyclosporine or other drugs are taken concurrently, they may inhibit the metabolism of 6b-hydroxy prednisolone. The kinetics of 6β-hydroxyprednisolone have been investigated in tissues and plasma samples, and it has been shown that this metabolite has a short half-life in both tissues and plasma samples. This drug can be analysed using chromatography, but endogenous substances such as cortisol can interfere with the process.</p>

<p>9,10-Bis[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]anthracene is a reagent for chemiluminescence research.</p>

<p>Methyl orange is a dye that is used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. It has a basic structure and can be prepared by the oxidation of para-aminobenzoic acid with hydrogen peroxide. Methyl orange has been shown to exhibit synergistic effects with other antimicrobial agents, such as phenol, methylene blue, and chlorhexidine at pH levels of 4.5 to 7.0. The optimum concentration for the matrix effect is 0.01% at pH range from 2.5 to 4.5 and 1% at pH range from 5 to 7.5. Methyl orange is activated by light with wavelengths between 300 nm and 500 nm and can be used in wastewater treatment processes where there are high levels of organic matter or radiation, such as carthamus tinctorius or zirconium oxide.</p>

<p>Rhodamine is a fluorescent compound that, in a 20% aqueous solution, serves as an effective fluorescent probe for detecting nitrite ions (NO2). When exposed to ultraviolet light, it undergoes a remarkable color change in response to nitrite presence. Beyond nitrite detection, rhodamine also interacts with various chemical substances, including organic solvents commonly found in wastewater treatment systems, which shows its potential, especially in environmental monitoring and analytical chemistry applications. This 20% solution is 20% w/w. Our sales mass in g is the final mass of the solution.</p>

<p>Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline is a sterile solution of the following components: • Sodium chloride • Potassium chloride • Calcium chloride • Magnesium chloride • Disodium phosphate dodecahydrate • Monopotassium phosphate • Potassium dihydrogenphosphate • Sodium dihydrogenphosphate • Glucose • Dextrose • Sodium pyruvate • L-Lysine hydrochloride Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline is commonly used in cardiovascular research to simulate the fluid environment of the heart. It is also used for blood sampling and as a culture medium for animal cells. This solution has been shown to have high cholesterol concentrations, which may be due to its uptake of fatty acids from the environment.</p>

<p>(E)-8-Methyl-6-nonenoic acid is a fatty acid that is found in the acetate extract of Capsicum annuum. It is an analog of the natural compound (E)-8-methyl-6-nonenal, which has been shown to have anticancer properties. The synthesis of this compound has been achieved using a novel approach based on enzymatic reactions and chemical transformations. This compound has been shown to have potential anticancer activity against human prostate cancer cells in vitro and to inhibit the growth of triticum aestivum seeds.</p>

<p>Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that is used to treat inflammation and reduce the body's immune response. Prednisolone disodium phosphate (PDSP) is an enteric-coated tablet that releases prednisolone in the small intestine, where it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. It has been shown to be effective at reducing bowel disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Prednisolone disodium phosphate may also have a role in controlling infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, due to its ability to inhibit toll-like receptor 4 signaling. The drug has been studied as a model system for predicting drug interactions by monitoring the rate constant for benzalkonium chloride binding to human serum albumin.</p>

<p>Brilliant cresyl blue is a reactive dye that is used as a model system for mitochondrial membrane potential. It is injected into the oocyte and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed to detect mitochondrial functions. The dye can be detected with optical sensors, which are sensitive to UV light. When the dye migrates from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, it can be detected by UV-sensitive sensors. This process can help scientists determine if there are any defects in mitochondrial membrane potential.</p>

<p>Solvent Yellow 98 is a fluorescent dye that belongs to the class of organic solvents. It is used in a variety of applications, such as deionized water, emulsions, and fluorescent light. The Solvent Yellow 98 molecule consists of an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with a cationic surfactant at one end. This surfactant is responsible for the fluorescence of this compound.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Metanil yellow, 95% including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Sandoal gold 4N including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 16alpha-Butyloxyprednisolone including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Victoria Blue R is a dye that is used in histology and cytology to stain tissue sections and cell smears. It binds to the amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix of cells, which causes them to turn blue when stained with this dye. Victoria Blue R is a synthetic dye that has been prepared by various methods, including synthesis from diazotized benzidine and phenol. The specific antibody for Victoria Blue R binds to an epitope on the amyloid protein, which is then stained by the dye. The main use of Victoria Blue R is as a counterstain in immunohistochemistry, where it can be used to identify glandular cells or tissues containing mitochondria. Victoria Blue R can also be used as an analytical method for determining phosphotungstic acid-haematoxylin reactions or as a reaction mechanism for polymeric matrix formation.</p>

<p>Disperse Yellow 23 is a synthetic, industrial dye that is used in the manufacturing of plastics, textiles, and paper. It has a molecular formula of C10H16ClN2O and an x-ray crystal structure with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. Disperse Yellow 23 reacts with hydroxyl groups to form a diazonium salt. It is soluble in water and has a neutral pH. Disperse Yellow 23 is highly reactive and should be handled with care as it may cause burns on contact. The chemical structures of Disperse Yellow 23 are shown below:</p>

<p>Fast blue RR salt is a phosphatase inhibitor that belongs to the group of diazonium salts. It is used as an indicator for damaged cells, and it can be used in cell culture. Fast blue RR salt can also be used in biological samples for radiation detection. Fast blue RR salt has been shown to inhibit p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) phosphatase activity in erythrocytes and lymphocytes from healthy humans. The inhibition is due to the binding of the molecule to the enzyme's active site, which prevents the binding of phosphate ions. This results in a decrease in PNPP hydrolysis, leading to a build-up of PNPP and a decrease in ATP levels. Fast blue RR salt has been shown to have low energy radiation properties, making it more suitable for use with biological samples than other diazonium salts such as Fast red TR salt or Fast green BB salt.</p>

<p>Pigment Red 169 is a red dye that is soluble in both water and organic solvents. It has a particle size of 10-40 nm and a molecular weight of approximately 600 g/mol. Pigment Red 169 absorbs light at the maximum wavelength of 659 nm, with an optimum concentration of 0.5%, and can be used as a thermal expansion agent or as a solid catalyst. Pigment Red 169 is polymerized by thermal decomposition, which produces polymers with low molecular weights. The pigment is also used in the production of microspheres for use in industrial applications such as aliphatic hydrocarbons or fatty acids.</p>

<p>Fluorophore used in biological assays and for labeling cells and tissues</p>

<p>Basic violet 3 is a light-sensitive dye that can be used for the detection of metals. It is a basic dye with a high resistance to water vapor and other solvents. Basic violet 3 has been shown to be carcinogenic in animal studies, but has not been shown to have any adverse effects on humans. The dye reacts with metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide, iron(III) oxide, and calcium hydroxide by absorbing UV radiation. This reaction produces an increased amount of light that can be detected using a spectrophotometer. Basic violet 3 is used in surface methodology because it is able to react with particles and then bind to them through van der Waals forces. Basic violet 3 is also used for kinetic experiments because it provides data about the rate of chemical reactions or chemical processes. Kinetic data from these experiments can be used to determine the mechanism of the reaction or process being studied.</p>

<p>Brooker's merocyanine dye is a fluorescent dye that has been used in analytical chemistry and fluorescence spectrometry. It is an organic compound that is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. The complexation of Brooker's merocyanine dye with other molecules or solutes can be determined using fluorescence spectroscopy. This dye binds to the cavity of the molecule and stabilizes the dipole moment, which leads to significant interactions between Brooker's merocyanine dye and molecules or solutes.</p>

<p>Disperse yellow 49 is a synthetic dye that is used in the diagnosis of skin cancer. It binds to DNA-binding proteins and is used as a counterstain for H&amp;E staining. Disperse yellow 49 has been shown to inhibit sucrase activity and inhibit kinase signaling pathways, which are involved in cell function, dna replication, and myosin phosphatase regulation. The dye has also been shown to bind to tropomyosin and homologues of the virus SV40. Disperse yellow 49 is not active against viruses or cells without myosin phosphatase activity.</p>

<p>Acid-base indicator dye, copper detection, blue color</p>

<p>11-Deoxy prednisolone is a synthetic steroid that is used in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. It is the active form of prednisolone, which is converted to 11-deoxy prednisolone by deuteration. 11-Deoxy prednisolone has been shown to be effective in a clinical setting as a result of its ability to suppress the immune system. The deuterium isotope can be used to calibrate instruments with mass spectrometry and provide more accurate measurements. The use of 11-deoxy prednisolone in pediatric patients has been shown to have fewer side effects than other steroids, such as dexamethasone and methylprednisolone. The use of stable isotopes can be used for biochemical investigations, diagnostic profiles, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.</p>

<p>Acid-base indicator dye; textile dye; yellow color</p>