Opiate Alkaloids

Impurity Naloxone EP Impurity F
Applications 10β-Hydroxy Naloxone is hydroxylated analog of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (N285000).
References Jasinski, D.R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 157, 420 (1967), McNicholas, L.F., et al.: Drugs, 27, 81 (1984), Hasson, M.M.A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 453 (1985), Stowe, C., et al.: Ann. Pharmacother., 27, 447 (1993)

Applications 7,8-Didehydronaltrexone is an intermediate in synthesizing Oripavine (O675000), the major metabolite of Thebaine. Oripavine possesses an analgesic potency comparable to Morphine; it is not clinically useful due to severe toxicity and low therapeutic index. An opiate.
References Barber, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1074 (1975); Yamazoe, Y., et al.: J. Pharmacol., 31, 433 (1981)

Applications 8,14β-Dihydrooripavine is a Hydromorphone(H714650) impurity. Hydromorphone is an analgesic(narcotic).
References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92 (2007),

Applications An intermediate in the production of fentanyl analogs.

Applications Dextromethorphan is an antitussive compound showing analgesic properties. Used in cough medication formulations.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Church J. et al.: Can J Physiol Pharmacol., 67, 561 (1989); Carliss, R. et al.: Neurotoxicology., 28, 813 (2007);

Applications Allosteric modifier of hemoglobin (HB). Binds in the central water cavity of the Hb molecule causing a conformational change such that bound oxygen is released more readily. Antineoplastic adjunct (radiosensitizer).
References Abraham, D.J., et al.: Biochemistry, 31, 9141 (1992), Pagel, P.S., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 285, 1 (1998), Kleinberg, L., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 17, 2593 (1999),

Impurity Fentanyl Impurity D / Fentanyl USP Related Compound E
Applications 4-Aminophenyl-1-phenethylpiperidine is a metabolite of 3H-Fentanyl (F274990), which is used as an analgesic.Controlled Substance.
References Labroo, R., et al.: Drug Metab., Disposition, 25, 1072 (1997); Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995); Bot, G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exper. Therap., 285, 1207 (1998);

Applications Tilidine Impurity D Hydrochloride is an imourity of Tilidine, which is a controlled substance (opiate). Analgesic. It is used in clinical trial in comparison with Nefopam. Tilidine is one of the most widely used narcotics in Germany and Belgium.
References Vollmer, K.-O., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 20, 990 (1970), Abeloos, J., et al.: Acta Anaesthesiol. Belg., 34, 283 (1983), Van Cauwenberge, H., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res., 12, 1 (1992),

Applications Pyruvyl Fentanyl is used in the degradation, identification and in analysis of impurities of fentanyl.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Garg, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 53, 325 (2010)

Applications An intermediate in the preparation of Oxycodone and other alkaloid based opiate antagonists.
References Brogle, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 19, 669 (1999), Szentesi, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 374, 427 (2002), Lattanzi, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3372 (2005),

Applications Synthetic mu-opioid agonist. This is a controlled substance (opiate).
References James, M.K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 259, 712 (1991), Hoffman, W.E., et al.: Anesthesiology, 79, 107 (1993), Selinger, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 243 (1994), Richardson, T.D., et al.: Expert Opin. Drug Saf., 4, 643 (2005),

Applications A metabolite of Propafenone (P757500).
References Hege, H.G., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 9, 41 (1984),

Applications: The enatiomer of (+)-α-Methadol (M225860) and is more effective in binding to opiate receptors. The relative activities of (-)-α-Methadol and (+)-α-Methadol are reversed upon acetylation. A metabolite of (-)-α-Acetylmethadol (A186325).
References Horng, J.S. et al.: Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol., 14, 621 (1976); Casy, A.F. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 11, 601 (1968); Ruemmler, R., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 20, 281 (1970);

Applications Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist shown to reduce the occurrence of addictive behaviours such as eating, smoking and drinking excessively. in addition to curbing drug use it has recently been used in flavor avoidance studies.
References Mannelli, P. et al.: Drug Alc. Dep. 138, 83 (2014); Rotella, F. et al.: 128, 133 (2014);