Toxicology

<p>Applications Labelled Flupirtine (F598510). Analgesic. Substituted pyridine with central analgesic properties. A potassium channel opener<br>References Vaupel, D., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 162, 447 (1989), Nickel, B., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 40, 909 (1990), Lunemann, J., et al.: J. Immunol., 168, 4881 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Mefruside is a diuretic used for the treatment of edema and hypertension.<br>References Johansen, A., et al.: Euro. J. Epidemiol., 27, 63 (2012); Hasegawa, Y., et al.: Blood. Press. Supple., 1, 10 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Reagent used in the preparation of antifungal agents and MDMA analogs.<br>References Obase, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 30, 462 (1982), Zacchino, S., et al.: J. Nat. Products, 62, 1353 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide (1). It is an anti-cholinesterase which disables cholinesterase, an enzyme essential for central nervous system function (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Used as a standard for Pesticide detection. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698230).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Tripathy, N. et al.: Mutat. Res.1988 Nov;206(3):351-60.2. Papp, A. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 1998 August:61(1) 21-26<br></p>

<p>Applications Clindamycin (C580000) impurity in bulk drug.<br>References Birkenmeyer, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 616 (1970), Platzer, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 84 (2006), Platzer, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 84 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testololactone, is the derivative of Testolactone (T154800), which is an antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and is used to treat advanced stage breast cancer.<br>References Dunkel, L.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 254, 207 (2006); Eugster, E. A.: Treat. Endocrinol., 3, 141 (2004); Holbeck, S.L. et al.: Mol. Cancer Therap., 9, 1451 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Spiroxamine is a spiroketalamine fungicide for use on cereal crops. Spiroxamine inhibits ergosterol synthesis. Spiroxamine is used as agricultural fungicide. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 1857 (2005), Abrahim, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 51, 131 (2010), Wang, J., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 1513 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity S<br>Applications Beclomethasone 11,17,21-Tripropionate (Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity S) is an impurity of Beclomethasone (B131000), a glucocorticoid. Used in chronic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Antiallergic, antiasthmatic (inhalant). Anti-inflammatory (topical).<br>References Malfitan, V.A., et al.: Clin. Ther., 4, 472 (1982), Rao, M., et al.: J. Asthma, 19, 21 (1982), Small, P., et al.: Ann. Allergy, 49, 127 (1982), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 28, 99 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of 5α-Androst-16-en-3β-ol<br>References Gower, D., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 63, 81 (1997), Zorko, M., et al.: Steroids, 65, 46 (2000), Diel, P., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 169, 64 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluazifop-P-butyl<br></p>

<p>Applications A major metabolite of Irinotecan.<br>References Canal, P., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 14, 2688 (1996), Haaz, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 58, 468 (1998), Kehrer, D., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 3451 (2000), Hanioka, N., et al.: Xenobiotica, 31, 687 (2001), Satoh, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 488 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Romidepsin is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that can alter chromatin structure and gene transcription leading to multiple changes in cellular protein production. This may result in cell cycle arrest and tumor growth inhibition. Romidepsin has shown anti-proliferative activity in vitro against multiple mouse and human tumor cell lines and in vivo in human tumor xenograft models. Romidepsin can be administered with a second agent, such as a cytotoxic agent, a steroidal agent, a proteasome inhibitor, or a kinase inhibitor.<br>References Ueda, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 47, 301 (1994), Weidle, U., et al.: Anticancer Res., 20, 1471 (2000), Kitazono, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 6328 (2001), Sandor, V., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 8, 718 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Vismodegib targets the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Inhibition of the Hh signaling may be effective in the treatment and prevention of many types of human cancers. Potent Hedgehog inhibitor.<br>References Gupta, S. et al.: Ther. Advances in Med. Oncology 2,237(2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications 6β-Hydroxy Betamethasone can be used as analyte in analytical study for detecting betamethasone metabolites in human urine using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.<br>References Matabosch, X., et al.: Drug Testing and Analysis, 7, 663-672 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-hexen-1-yl)oxy]-1-propanaminium chloride salt is used to increase the gastrointestinal absorption of drugs. It is used also to diagnose specific metabolic diseases.<br>References Yang, S. et al.: J. Chrom., 857, 251 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Prenalterol is a β1-adrenergic agonist and used as an cardiotonic (1,2,3).<br>References (1) Ma, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 47, 677 (2008)(2) Scheiber, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 3103 (2009(3) Broadley, K., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 80, 1537 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications S-(-)-Warfarin-d5 is the labelled analog of S-(-)-Warfarin, an enantiomer of Warfarin (W498500). Coumarin anticoagulant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hagan, E.C., et al.: J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. Sci. Ed., 42, 379 (1953), Bell, R.G., et al.: Biochemistry, 11, 1959 (1972), Valente, J.E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 20, 1489 (1977), Back, N., et al.: Pharmacol. Res. Commun., 10, 445, (1978), Babhair, S.A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 423 (1985), Takahashi, H., et al.: Echizen, Clin. Pharmacokinet., 40, 587 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications The major metabolite of Boldenone, an anabolic steroid.<br>References Fotsis, T., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 28, 203 (1987), Song, Y., et al.: Arch. Pharm. Res., 23, 599 (2000), Buiarelli, F., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 526, 113 (2004), Poelmans, S., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 22, 808 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Used as an antidepressant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wong, D.T., et al.: Life Sci., 15, 471 (1974), Goldstein, D.J., et al.: Br. J. Psychiat., 166, 660 (1995), Ni, Y.G., et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 2036 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Thallium sulfate is an inorganic compound used in the preparation of luminescent extended one-​dimensional heterobimetallic chain compounds with relativistic metal-​metal bonds, by reaction with gold thiophosphinomethyl complexes.<br>References Wang, S.; et al.: Inorg. Chem., 28, 4623 (1989);<br></p>

<p>Applications Anesthetic (intravenous). Controlled substance (depressant).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chen, G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 127, 241 (1959), Bailey, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 28, 713 (1976), Balster, R.L., J. Psychedelic Drugs., 10115 (1978), Johnson, K.M., et al.: Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 30, 707 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiepileptic, structurally similar to meprobamate.<br>References Swinyard, E.A., et al.: Epilepsia, 27, 27 (1986), Remmel, R.P., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 12, 90 (1990), Sofia, R.D., et al.: Epilepsy Res. Suppl., 3, 103 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clonidine EP Impurity A<br>Applications 1-Acetyl-2-imidazolidinone (Clonidine EP Impurity A) is a synthetic reagent used in the preparation of triple [14C]-labelled moxonidine which is an antihypertensive compound.<br>References Czeskis, B., et al.: J. Labelled Comp. Radiopharm., 47, 699 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications The main phase I metabolites of Azelastine.<br>References Adusumalli, V., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos, 20, 530 (1992), Mano, N., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 557 (1994), Baldwin, S., et al.: Xenobiotica, 25, 261 (1995), Kobayashi, K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 280, 927 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Nitrosodiisopropylamine ia a nitrosoamine compound that shows carcinogenic effect.<br>References Scanlan, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 43, 2435 (1983), Spiegelhalder, B., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 4, 1147 (1983), Lijinsky, W., et al.: Mutat. Res., 443, 129 (1999), Robichova, S., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 148, 163 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications NS-398 is a selective Cox-2 inhibitor neuroprotective agent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Carbamazepine (C175840). Used in treatment of pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia. Anticonvulsant.<br>References Stenger, E.G., et al.: Med. Exp., 11, 191 (1964), Pynnonen, S., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 1, 409 (1979), Sidebottom, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 20, 31 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cefotaxime is an antibiotic with broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity B<br>Applications (6α,11β,16α,17α)-6,9-Difluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17-carboxylic Acid, is a derivative of Fluocinolone Acetonide (F455800), which is a Corticosteroid, used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.<br>References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications (2R,3S)-N-Benzoyl-3-phenyl Isoserine Methyl Ester is an intermediate in the preparation of potent anticancer drug Paclitaxel (P132500) used to study the location of the binding sites.<br>References Paal, K. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 1323 (2007); Krawczyk, E. et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 57, 791 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Imidaclothiz is an action body of nicotinic acid acetylcholinesterase enzyme acceptor. It can be used as a pesticide. After pests contact the product, the normal conduction of their central nerves is inhibited and pests are numbed to death.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jeschke, P., et al: PCT Int. Appl. (2009), WO 2009135613 A1 20091112; Kagabu, S., et al.: J. Agricultural Food Chem., 55, 812 (2007); Wang, Y., et al.: Pest Management Sci., 68, 1564 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications (8Z)-8-Dodecen-1-ol is a component of various insect sex pheromones.<br>References Kim, S.H., et al: Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo, KR 2015046436 A 20150430 (2015); Ma, R., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, CN 104177256 A 20141203 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aziprotryne is a pesticide.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Leucic Acid-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of L-Leucic Acid, a reagent in the synthesis of cryptophycins based macrocyclic depsipeptides which are used as tubulin inhibitors.<br>References Kumar, A., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 93, 55 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclizine is a piperazine derivative with anti-emetic activity that is useful in the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness. Antiemetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kuntzman, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 158, 332 (1967), Walker, R., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 4, 301 (1996), Dumasia, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 32, 795 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications A major metabolite of Sulfadiazine.<br>References Woolley, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 7, 94 (1979), Nielsen, P., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 2509 (1986), Anari, M., et al.: Anal. Chem., 76, 823 (2004), Edlund, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 34, 1079 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Insecticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Devine, G., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 55, 405 (1999), Ahmad, M., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 58, 203 (2002), El Kady, H., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 59, 865 (2003).<br></p>

<p>Applications Isometheptene Maleate belongs to a group of sympathomimetic amine and shows very little antihypertensive activity. Isometheptene Maleate is used as an antispasmodic drug.<br>References Vidrio, H. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 187, 308 (1973); Taylor, W.G. et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 5, 564 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications Movento is a synergistic insecticide. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Byrne, F., et al.: Crop. Prot., 25, 831 (2006), Kanrar, B., et al.: Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 77, 631 (2006), Venkateswarlu, P., et al.: Food Chem., 105, 1760 (2007), Khay, S., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr., 22, 581 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Alginic Acid is used in the synthesis of tissue engineering, or vesicles for drug delivery.<br>References Augst, A. et al.: Macromol. Bio. 6, 623 (2006); Chen, S. et al.: J. Contorl. Rel., 96, 285 (2004);<br></p>