Toxicology

Applications Brivaracetam-d7, is the labeled analogue of Brivaracetam (B677645), which is a 4-n-propyl analog of levetiracetam (L331500), and a racetam derivative with anticonvulsant properties.
References Rosenstiel, P., et al.:Neurotherapeutics, 4 (1), 84 (2007);

Applications An agonist to both GHB and GABAB neural receptors, exhibiting neurotransmitter-like effects. It has been used as a general anesthetic in treatment for sleep disorders and clinical depression, but also has been identified as a “date rape drug”.
References Mamelak, M., et al.: Prog. Neurobiol., 89, 193 (2009), Zhang, L., et al.: App. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 84, 909 (2009), Pedraza, C., Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol., 12, 1165 (2009), McGonigle, I., et al.: Biochem., 49, 2897 (2010),

Applications Aminoacetonitrile is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a reagent used to synthesize dipeptide nitriles as reversible and potent cathepsin S inhibitors. It can also used to prepare substituted cyclic ureas as possible HIV protease inhibitors.
References Ward, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5471 (2002); Wilkerson, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 4079 (1997)

Applications Indoleacetic Acid is the most common and naturally occuring plant hormone in the auxin class of hormones. It effects cell elongation, cell division as well as plant growth and development.

Applications A novel labelled inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
References Chou, T., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 115, 207 (1981), Baba, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1613 (1987), Craigie, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 23213 (2001), Chen, X., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 380, 504 (2008),

Applications An anti-inflammatory corticosteroid.
References Weber, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 61, 689 (1972), Biagi, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 873 (1975),

Applications Antimetabolite antiviral dosing regimen for hepatitis C virus or flaviviridae therapy.
References Teh, A.-H., et al.: Biochemistry, 45, 7825 (2006),

Applications Raltegravir (MK-0518) is a potent integrase (IN) inhibitor for WT and S217Q PFV IN.
References Hare, S., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 107, 20057 (2010); Hicks, C., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 48, 931 (2009); Moss, D., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 56, 3020 (2012); Hare, S., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 80, 565 (2011)

Applications Apixaban-13C, d3 is labelled Apixaban (A726700) which is a potent, direct, selective, and orally active inhibitor of coagulation factor Xa. It is a potential new oral coagulant that may be useful prevention of venous thromboembolism in total hip, knee replacement orthopedic surgery and stroke in treatment of patient with venous thromboembolic disorder or with atrial fibrillation.
References Luettgen, J.M. et al.: J. Enz. Inhib. Med. Chem., 26, 514 (2011); Glanis, T. et al.: J. Thromb. Thrombol., 31, 310 (2011); barrett, Y.C. et al.: Thromb. Haemos., 105, 181 (2011);

Applications 2'-Deoxyadenosine Monohydrate is used in the synthesis of 5'-modified 2'-deoxyadenosine analogues as anti-hepatitis C virus agents.
References Gordon, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1 (2005), Ikejiri, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 6882 (2007),

Applications Sodium 2-((2-Ethyl-6-methylphenyl)amino)-2-oxoethanesulfonate is a pesticide metabolite found in surface water and groundwater. It is a degradation product of herbicide Acetochlor (A162500).
References Thurman, E., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 957, 3 (2002); Thurman, E., et al.: ACS Symp. Ser., 850, 128 (2003); Hamer, K., Freudenberger, U.: Wasser und Abfall, 13, 42 (2011); Reemtsma, T., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1271, 95 (2013);

Applications Retapamulin is an antibacterial agent used as a substitute for the more commonly known Penicillin (P223505).
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),

Applications Itraconazole-d9, is the labeled analogue of Itraconazole (I937500, an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Espinel-Ingroff, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 26, 5 (1984), Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M., et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993),

Applications Gibberellic Acid is a pentacyclic diterpene acid. Gibberellic Acid is a hormone that is found in plants which promotes the growth and elongation of cells. Gibberellic acid acts as a plant growth regulator on account of its physiological and morphological effects in extremely low concentrations. Generally Gibberellic acid affects only the plant parts above the soil surface.
References Bayle, J. et al.: Chem. Biol., 13, 99 (2006); Ihara, S. et al.: J. Cell Sci., 119, 500 (2006); Suh, B. et al.: Science, 314, 1454 (2006); Rinaudo, K. et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 25, 795 (2007);

Applications 11-Hydroxytestosterone-[9,11,12,12-2H4] is a metabolite of Testosterone (T155000), a principal hormone of the testes, produced by the interstitial cells.
References McFarland, K., et al.: Science, 245, 494 (1989), Heckert, L., et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 12, 1499

Impurity Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity G / Betamethasone EP Impurity B
Applications Clobetasol (Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity G) is a topical corticosteroid. Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.
References Olsen, E.A., et al.: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 15, 246 (1986),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A metabolite of Dopamine.
References Johnson, G., et al.: Life Sci., 26, 1591 (1980), Eisenhofer, G., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 3864 (1997), Strassburg, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 338, 489 (1999), Alonen, A., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 657 (2005),

Applications cis-trans-Nepetalactone, is an organic compound, isolated from the plant catnip,which acts as a cat attractant. Nepetalactone can also be effective on some insects. It repels cockroaches and mosquitos.
References Kingsley, D, ABC Science Online, Feb 14, 2009; McElvain, S.M., et al.: J. Am.Chem.Soc, 63, 1558 (1941);

Applications Baricitinib is a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor and have been used as a promising treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
References Greenwald, L.J., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Rheumatol., 6, 401 (2011); Fridman, J.S., et al.: J. Immunol., 184, 5298 (2010);

Applications α-Endosulfan is the alpha isomer of Endosulfan (E555505), an insecticide that poses health risks to humans and animals that acquire it through ingension, inhalation, and percutaneous contact. One of the new POPs under the Stockholm Convention. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698230).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bhalerao, T. & Puranik, P.: Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 59, 315 (2007); Kalender, S., et al.: Toxicology, 202, 227 (2004); Naqvi, S. & Vaishnavi, C.: Comp. Biochem. Phys. C, 105, 347 (1993)

Applications Herbicide, active by perturbing cell membranes
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Hollender, J., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 7862 (2009), Bollman, S., et al.: Weed Technol., 23, 264 (2009), Goudarzi, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 7153 (2009),

Applications 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol-13C6 is the labelled anaolgue of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol which is used as a broad range pesticide against insects, fungi, vegetation and bacteria. It has become a common environmental contaminant and probable human carcinogen.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Nunes, C., et al.: J. Env. Biol., 29, 733 (2008), Carucci, A., et al.: Water Sci. Technol., 58, 309 (2008), Fu, W., et al.: Env., Toxicol., Chem., 28, 1372 (2009), Osborne, R., et al.: Biochem., 48, 4231 (2009), Campoy, S., et al.: Env. Microbiol., 11, 99 (2009),

Applications Labelled Cefixime (C242800). Orally active, third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
References Kamimura, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 25, 98 (1984),Yamanaka, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 38, 1738 (1985), Guay, D.R.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 30, 485 (1986),

Applications Trinexapac-ethyl

Applications A metabolite of Drotaverine (D689700).
References Lalla, J.K., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 11, 385 (1993),

Applications Labelled Tamoxifen (T006000). A nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist of interest in the treatment of some forms of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is a protein kinase C inhibitor, and induces apoptosis in human malignant glioma cell lines.
References Sutherland, R., et al.: Nature, 267, 434 (1977), Lerner, L., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 4177 (1990), Love, R., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 20 2559 (2002),

Applications Isotope labelled enantiomer of Voriconazole (V760000), an antifungal agent and an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sanati, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 2492 (1997),

Applications Prazosin is a useful α1 and α2B-adrenoceptor antagonist.

Applications Intermediate used in the synthesis of a variety of antibacterial and antifungal activities of symmetric and asymmetric azines.
References Veena, K., et al.: E-J.Chem, 8, 354 (2011),

Applications Oxyisofenphos is a stable degredation product of Isofenphos, a soil insecticide.
References Felsot, A.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. B, B19, 13 (1984); Hsin, C.Y., Coats, J.R.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 25, 336 (1986)

Applications Labelled Cefuroxime (C248050). Antibacterial.
References O’Callaghan, C.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 9, 511 (1976), Norrby, R., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 3, 355 (1977), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 17, 233 (1979), Wozniak, J.R., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 209 (1991),

Applications 2-(1h-1,2,4-Triazol-1-Yl)Acetic Acid (cas# 28711-29-7) is a useful research chemical.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 3-Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine is a reagent used to study acylcarnitine profile in thyroid disease.
References Wong, S., et al.: Clinical Biochem., 46, 180 (2013); Alu, F., et al.: Heredity, 110, 253 (2013); Adam, B., et al.: Clinical Biochem., 44, 1445 (2011)

Applications 9,10-Dihydroergocristine Methanesulfonate is an nontoxic and well tolerated drug that exerts agonistic and antagonistic activity on dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors. 9,10-Dihydroergocristine Methanesulfonate is known to exhibit protective properties to the brain against metabolic effects of ischemia by acting at a cellular level.
References Setti, M., et al.: Angiologia., 30, 98 (1978); Brunhofer, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 6669 (2012); Benzi, G., et al.: Neurobiol. Aging., 9, 371 (1988);

Applications NN703 (Tabimorelin) is an orally active growth hormone (GH) secretagogue intended for use as an alternative to daily injections of GH. In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have indicated that NN703 is a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP3A4.
References Fabre, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 4389 (1988), Thummel, K., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 59, 491 (1996), Yu, D., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 39, 1203 (1999),

Applications Phenothrin is a pesticide used in the control of pests and insects. It is used in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wang, Y. et al.: Chemopshere, 90, 848 (2013); Hirahara, Y. et al.: Japan. J. Toxicol. Env. Health, 44, 451 (1998);

Applications rac Efavirenz is a mixture of both enantiomers for Efavirenz (E425000), a nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral.
References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995); Hadaruga, D. et al.: J. Med Chem., 48, 2432 (2005);