Toxicology

<p>Applications β-Adrenergic blocker. Antihypertensive; antianginal; antiarrhythmic; antiglaucoma.<br>References Nakagawa, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 17, 529 (1974), Morita, S., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 25, 1836 (1976), Chu, S.Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1623 (1978), Chiba, S., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 29, 895 (1979), Chrisp, P., et al.: Drugs Aging, 2, 58 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Direct Blue 218 is an azo dye used in diagnostic imaging. Used in the prediction of rat carcinogenisis. Also used in textile dyes contributing to textile effluents and wastewaters.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br>References Baughman, G. et al.: Textile. Chemist. Color. Am. Dye. Rep., 32, 51 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methoxyfenozide-d9 is deuterium labelled Methoxyfenozide (M262765). It is used primarily as an insecticide, and pesticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhao, Q., et al.: J. Agricul, Food Chem., 56, 10799 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Stearoyl-L-carnitine-d3 Hydrochloride is labelled Stearoyl Carnitine (S686515), A carnitine ester which was tested for its ability to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC).<br>References Sakata, K., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 23, 505 (1989), Fulceri, R., et al.: Biochem. J., 325, 423 (1997), Yu, L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 286, (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxybenzone is an organic compound used in sunscreens. Oxybenzone is used as an ingredient in sunscreen and other cosmetics because it absorbs UVB and short-wave UVA (ultraviolet) rays. Oxybenzone was one of the first compounds incorporated into sunscreen formulations to offer enhanced UVA protection because its absorption spectrum extends to less than 350 nm.<br>References Auriol, M., et al.: Chemosphere, 70, 445 (2008); Balmer, M., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 953 (2005); Jeon, H., et al.: Toxicology, 248, 89 (2008); Campoy, S., et al.: Environ. Microbiol., 11, 99 (2009); Chem. and Eng. News page 22, Aug. 6 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled β-Hyodeoxycholic Acid. A potential bile acid metabolite.<br>References Abadie, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 299, 725 (1994), Taniguchi, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 10071 (1994), Davis, R., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 43, 533 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Topramezone is a herbicide that belongs to the class of pyrazolones or benzoylpyrazoles. It can be used to control broad leaved weeds and grass weeds in maize crop protection.<br>References Gitsopoulos, K.T., et al.: Crop Protection, 29, 1091-1093 (2010); Zhang, J., et al.: Crop Protection, 52, 26-32 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetramethylol Acetylenediurea is a useful additive for forming etching patterns in semiconductor manufacturing.<br>References Lee, S. J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020184904 A1<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Pyrimethanil, broad spectrum anilino-pyrimidine foliar fungicide. Pyrimethanil functions by inhibiting the biosynthesis of methionine in Botrytis cinerea.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Neumann, G.L. et al.: Brigh. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 1, 385 (1992); Fritz, R. et al.: Pest. Sci., 49, 40 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Nitisinone. Nitisinone is a herbicidal triketone that inhibits 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), an enzyme involved in plastoquinone biosynthesis in plants and in tyrosine catabolism in mammals. It is used in treatment of inherited tyrosinemia type I.<br>References Lindstedt, S., et al.: Lancet, 340, 813 (1992), Ellis, M.K., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 133, 12 (1995), Lock, E.A., et al.: J. Inherited Metab. Dis., 21, 498 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications 22,23-Dihydrospinasterol is extracted from Citrullus colocynthis leaves and used as a pesticide against cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae.<br>References Ahmed, M. et al.: Mol.., 25(9), 2184, (2020)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N-Lauroyl-N-methyltaurine Sodium Salt is used in skin cleansing products containing combinations of anionic and nonionic surfactants and detergents.<br>References Sakurai, N.; Eur. Pat. Appl. 20 pp. Patent 1996 CODEN:EPXXDW<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Hydroxy Bromantane is a metabolite of Bromantane (B678450).<br>References Bi, H., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 42, 229 (1992), Pozo, O., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1209 (2007), Kiousi, P., et al.: Bioanalysis, 1, 1209 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromoxynil Octanoate is a herbicide which possesses control effect and security against weeds in summer corn field.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Feng, Y., et al.: Nongyao, 54, 375-377 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protopine is a Ca2+ channel blocker and antiplatelet agent (1,2,3). It is also an immunomodulator.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Janbaz, K., et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 38, 215 (1998)(2) Lai, C., et al.: Clin. Chem., 45, 229 (1999)(3) Ma, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Biom. Anal., 49, 440 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications SAR131675 is a potent and selective VEGFR-3 inhibitor. It inhibited VEGFR-3 tyrosine kinase activity and VEGFR-3 autophosphorylation in HEK cells. SAR131675 also dose dependently inhibited the proliferation of primary human lymphatic cells, induced by the VEGFR-3 ligands VEGFC and VEGFD.<br>References Alam, A., et al.: Mol. Cancer. Ther., 11, 1637 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-(-)-Carvone, is an antinociceptive monoterpene found as the main active constituent of essential oils obtained from plants of the genus Mentha. It is a novel agonist of TRPV1 channels. It can also be used as a chiral starting material.<br>References Goncalves, J.C., et al.: Cytometry part A., 83(2), 212 (2013); Liebigs ann., Chem., 403 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor. Analgesic; anti-inflammatory.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rooks, W.H., et al.: Agents Actions, 12, 684 (1982), Guzman, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 589 (1986), McQuary, H.J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 39, 89 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fipronil Sulfone is a sulfone metabolite of the insecticide Fipronil (F342200). Fipronil Sulfone blocks γ-aminobutyric acid- and glutamate-activated chloride channels in mammalian and insect neurons.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhao, X. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 314, 363 (2005); Mulrooney, J.E. et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 92, 1364 (1999); Hainzl, D. et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 1529 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Favipiravir is used for the treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection in a small animal model. Favipiravir suppressed the replication of Zaire Ebola virus and prevented a lethal outcome in 100% of the animals. Based on the studies, Favipiravir can be a candidate for the treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Oestereich, L., et al.: Antiviral Res., 105, 17 (2014); Baranovich, T., et al.: J. Virol. 87, 3741 (2013); Chem. and Eng. News p.8, Dec. 1 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin.<br>References Tiefenbacher, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 83, 463 (1994), Parshikov, I., et al.: App. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 56, 474 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Risedronic Acid is a pyridinyl biphosphonate bone resorption inhibitor.<br>References Mortensen, L., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 83, 396 (1998); Harris, S.T., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 282, 1344 (1999); Boiser, S., et al.: Cancer Res., 60, 2949 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus Okami &amp; Umezawa from Japanese soil. Comprised of three components, kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, two minor congeners. Antibacterial.A representative lot contains d4, d5, d6, d7, d8, and d9.<br>References Ito, et al.: J. Antibiot., 17, 189 (1964), Toda, S., et al.: J. Antibiot., 30, 1002 (1977), Claes, P.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug. Subs., 6, 259 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications Semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Antibacterial.A representative lot contains some d5.<br>References Buck, R.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 11, 324 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications Palmitoyl-16,16,16-d3-L-carnitine Hydrochloride is the isotope labelled analog of Palmitoyl-L-carnitine Hydrochloride (P155050); a long-chain fatty ester of carnitine which is accumulated and released into the circulation in fatty-acid oxidation defects.<br>References Ventura, F., et al.: Clinica Chimica Acta, 281, 1 (1999); Pourfarzam, M., et al.: Clinical Chem,, 40, 2267 (1994); Schaefer, J., et al.: Pediatric Res., 37, 354 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel anti-tuberculosis drug.<br>References Diacon, A.H. et al.: Antimicrob. Anents Chemother., 54, 3402 (2010); Dogra, M. et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 162, 226 (2010); Ginsberg, A.M. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 53, 3720 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygrscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Caffeic acid.<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 292 (1994), Azuma, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 5496 (2000), Stark, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 5530 (2006), Hensel, A., et al.: Planta Med., 73, 142 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Reversible dual inhibitor of ErbB1 and ErbB2 tyrosine kinases. Antineoplastic.<br>References Kim, T.E., et al.: Drugs, 6, 886 (2003), Wood, E.R., et al.: Cancer Res., 64, 6652 (2004), Spector, N.L., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 2502 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyrimethanil-d5 (phenyl-d5) (CAS# 2118244-83-8) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Adrenalone is a ketone derivative of Epinephrine (E588585) and a potential dopamine β oxidase inhibitor.<br>References Goldstein, M., et al.: Nature, 192, 1081 (1961)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Naled is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Insecticide; acaricide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichloroprop is a herbicide used for the post-emergence control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and some brush species.<br>References Freitas, M.R., et al.: RSC Adv., 5, 7547 (2015); Aizawa, H.: Handbook of Metabolic Pathways of Xenobiotics, 3, 1212 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fonofos is an organothiophosphate insecticide primarily used on corn.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fillion, J., et al.: J. AOAC Int., 83, 698 (2000); Liu, W., et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 102, 701 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Tebufenozide (T013200), which is a synthetic nonsteroidal ecdysone agonist used in pesticide formulations (1) that causes premature molting; novel insect growth regulator (2,3,4) specific to lepidopteran species. Drinking water Contaminant Candidate List 3 (CCL3) as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Jordan TB, et al.: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2009 Aug;394(8):2257-66.2. Vianna UR. Et al.: Ecotoxicology. 2009 Feb;18(2):180-6.3. Rose, G. et al. Food. Chem. 2009 Dec;117(4) pp634-6404. Wang, J. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2009 Mar 25;57(6):2162-73.<br></p>

<p>Applications O,O,S-Trimethyl Dithiophosphate is a metabolite resulting from the degradation of Dimethoate (D460505), isolated from treatment wastewater.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Li, R., et al.: Int Biodeterior Biodegradation, 64, 51 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihydrosafrole is a Safrole derivative. Carcinogenic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gold, L. et al.; Mutat. Res. 286, 75 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Brexpiprazole S-Oxide is an impurity and potential metabolite of Brexpiprazole (B677385), a drug candidate useful in treatment and prevention of mental disorders including CNS disorders.<br>References Yamashita, H., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., WO 2006112464 A1 20061026 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl 1-naphthaleneacetate (cas# 2876-78-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>