Biochemicals and Reagents

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of Gentian Violet in seafood products. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing
References Rushing, L., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 700, 223 (1997), Ohtsu, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5037 (2002), Yin, D., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 63, 211 (2003),

Applications O6-Methyl-2’-deoxyguanosine is a ubiquitous DNA lesion formed by xenobiotic carcinogens and endogenous methylating agent, S-adenosyl-L-methionine. A mutagenic adducts formed by a potent tobacco carcinogen, 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK).
References Patra, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 291, 24304-24313 (2016); Gowda, A. S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 29, 1894-1900 (2016)

Applications 3-Oxo-7a-hydroxy-5β-cholanoic Acid is a keto bile acid derivative.
References Bortolini, O. et al.: Tetra., 62, 4482 (2006); Bortolini, O. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 67, 5802 (2002);

Applications The urinary 1- and 3-methylhistidine (1- and 3-MH) metabolites as potential biomarkers of skeletal muscle toxicity. These metabolites were highly correlated to sex-, dose-, and time-dependent development of cerivastatin-induced myotoxicity. Natural but non-proteinogenic amino acid; employed as index of muscle protein breakdown.
References Berna, M., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 4199 (2007), Pritt, M., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 103, 382 (2008), Tonomura, Y., et al.: Toxicology, 266, 48 (2009),

Applications 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine is an extensively used nucleoside analog used as a probe for DNA synthesis. 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine is known as an toxic anti-metabolite, which potentially causes DNA instabiliy, necrosis and cell-cycle arrest, therefore it is often used for short-term DNA synthesis in tissue culture and living organisms where prolonged cell survival is not required.
References Neef, A.B., et al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci.., 108, 20404 (2011); Gristwood, T., et al.: Nucleic. Acids. Rsch., 40, 5487 (2012);

Applications Plastic additive 21 is a plasticizer; used in preparation of natural mineral modified degradable polymer flame-retardant composite material.
References Xu, H., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, (2021);

Applications 4-Aminobutyl-d8 Guanidine is the labelled analog of the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine (A769500) and also an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis.
References Golding, B.T., et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 22, 391S (1994);

Applications para-Topolin Riboside can be used as reagent/reactant for synthetic preparation and cytotoxicity of platinum complexes with hydroxy-, methoxy-, fluoro- and chloro-substituted N-benzyladenosine ligands as anti-tumor agents.
References Starha, P., et al.: Molecules, 18, 6990-7003 (2013)

Applications L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.
References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);

Applications 3-(Diethylamino)-7-[2-[4-[[4-[(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)oxy]-4-oxobutyl]methylamino]phenyl]diazenyl]-5-phenylphenazinium is used in preparation of Peptide derivatives as imaging probes of Cathepsin catalytic activity.
References Kindermann, M., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., (2018);

Applications Triuret is a byproduct of purine degradation in living organisms. It is a product from the pyrolsis of urea.
References Sergiu P. P., et al:. HHS Public Access, (2010);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications CEL and CML are two stable, nonenzymatic chemical modifications of protein lysine residues resulting from glycation and oxidation reactions.
References Fu, M.X., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 9982 (1996), Ahmed M.U., et al.: Biochem.J., 324, 565 (1997), Schleicher, E.D., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 99, 457 (1997), Shibayama, R., et al.: Diabetes, 48, 1842 (1999),

Applications D-Gluconic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of Pangamic Acid (P179500, Ca Salt); a mineral supplement that is sometimes referred to as Vitamin B15 although it is not a true vitamin.
References Mansurova, I.D. et al.: Eks. Patol. Pech., 1, 58 (1973); Apanasenko, A.A.: Cor Vasa, 15, 20 (1973); Alkhanova, N.A.: Nauch. Tru. Kaz. Gosud. Med. Inst., 41, 83 (1974)

Applications Labelled L-Citrulline. An amino acid, first isolated from the juice of watermelon, Citrullus vulgaris Schrad., Cucurbitaceae. Used in the treatment of asthenia.
References Kurtz, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 122, 477 (1938), Rajantie, J., et al.: J. Pediatr., 97, 927 (1980), Carpenter, T.O., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 290 (1985),

Applications 2-Methylenecyclopropaneacetic Acid is an intermediate in the preparation of novel agents for the therapy of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
References Bell, P., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 3, 1007 (1993);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Labelled Adefovir, which is used as an antiviral.
References Cundy, K.C., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2401 (1995), Naesens, L. et al.: Antiviral Chem. Chemother., 8, 1 (1997), Kahn, J., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 282, 2305 (1999),