Carboxylic Acids

<p>Veratric acid is a natural compound that is found in plants such as Vitis vinifera and Vaccinium myrtillus. It has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Veratric acid binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which activates the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and increases expression of bacterial genes. It also inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines by preventing the acetylation of histones at position H3, which are involved in transcriptional regulation. Veratric acid has synergistic effects when combined with p-hydroxybenzoic acid or ester hydrochloride. These compounds inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme peptidoglycan synthetase, leading to cell death. Veratric acid has also been shown to increase glomerular filtration rate and improve coordination</p>

<p>Malonic acid disodium salt monohydrate is a water-soluble alkanoic acid that is used as a cross-linking agent in the manufacture of polymers. Malonic acid disodium salt monohydrate is also used to produce immunogenic antigens for cancer research and as a synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals or agricultural chemicals. Malonic acid disodium salt monohydrate is converted to malic acid by the enzyme cytosolic malate dehydrogenase. Malonic acid disodium salt monohydrate has an acidic pH and can be used to neutralize sodium salts such as sodium bicarbonate. Cell culture studies have shown that exposure to malonic acid disodium salt monohydrate inhibits protein synthesis and cell growth, which may be due to its ability to bind with DNA during transcription.</p>

<p>Tert-Butyl 2-hydroxyacetate is a monomer that can be used for the synthesis of furopyridines. It is an enolate and reacts with guanine in the presence of catalysts, such as dicyclohexyl, to form an alkylating agent. The resulting product is then reacted with a second molecule of guanine to form the desired furopyridine. Tert-Butyl 2-hydroxyacetate can also be used in cross-coupling reactions mediated by palladium, which allow for the synthesis of polymers with high yields and trackability.</p>

<p>(S)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid sesquihydrate is a synthetic drug that is used for the treatment of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. It has been shown in animal studies to increase locomotor activity and decrease bowel disease. It also has an effect on α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and 2 adrenergic receptors.</p>

<p>p-Nitrobenzyl 6-(1'-hydroxyethyl)-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-3,7-dione-2-carboxylate is a drug substance that is used in the manufacture of carbapenem antibiotics. It can be detected by a chloride ion chromatographic method, and the detection limit is 0.5 mg/L in the presence of zinc powder as a modifier. This material is used to prepare carbapenems using an analytical method that includes reaction monitoring by optical rotation, diastereomer chromatography, and transfer.</p>

<p>Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid (FTSA) is a synthetic compound that exhibits potent anticancer activity. FTSA binds to the active site of the enzyme protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α), which prevents its phosphorylation and activation. This prevents the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, which are involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. FTSA also inhibits cancer cell migration by blocking MMP-9 activity, leading to tumor regression. FTSA has been shown to be effective against chemotherapy resistant breast cancer cells, as well as cancer cells from other tissues such as colon, prostate, and ovary.</p>

<p>b-N-Methyl-guanadinopropionic acid is a versatile, high quality, and useful building block that is used as a reagent and speciality chemical. It is also an intermediate in the synthesis of research chemicals, which are synthesized using b-N-Methyl-guanadinopropionic acid as a reactant. This compound can be used as a building block in the synthesis of complex compounds with high molecular weight. The CAS number for b-N-Methyl-guanadinopropionic acid is</p>

<p>3-(4-Methylphenyl)propionic acid is a subunit of ATPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. 3-(4-Methylphenyl)propionic acid has been shown to inhibit atpase activity in thermodynamic and mechanistic studies. It also binds to DNA gyrase and oxone, a chemical that inhibits DNA replication. 3-(4-Methylphenyl)propionic acid has been shown to be broad-spectrum antibacterial against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The drug has also been found to have antiinflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt is a reactive, redox potential chemical that has been shown to be stable to intermolecular hydrogen bonding and crystalline in structure. It has the ability to react with carbon sources and can be used as a catalyst in coordination chemistry. Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt has been shown to have fluorescence properties under UV light and FTIR spectroscopy.</p>

<p>4-Chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid is a hydrogen bond donor with a coordination geometry of tetrahedral. It has two functional groups: an organic acid and a nitro group. This compound has been used in molecular modeling to study telomeric interactions. 4-Chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid is also found in biological systems such as the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and the antibiotic chloramphenicol. 4-Chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid can be synthesized from phosphorus pentachloride and amine, which are both commercially available.</p>

<p>Oleic acid is a naturally occurring monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1, cis-9-octadecenoic acid) widely used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. Due to its amphiphilic and lipophilic properties, oleic acid is an important drug excipient primarily used to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. As a fatty acid, it is widely used in cosmeceuticals as it acts as a solubilizer in lipid-based systems, an emulsifier in creams and ointments, and a penetration enhancer in transdermal patches, aiding drug absorption through the skin.</p>

<p>Alpha-methylhydrocinnamic acid (AMHA) is a synthetic enantiomer of 2-phenylbutyric acid, which has been shown to inhibit the growth of k562 cells. It is also a substrate for fatty acid synthase and may play an important role in fatty acid metabolism. AMHA has been shown to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytic cells exposed to ionizing radiation, which may be due to its ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals. The effect of AMHA on hematopoietic cells, including neutrophils and bone marrow cells, has not yet been determined.</p>

<p>3-Trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid is a lead compound that has the potential to be an efficient and water-soluble inhibitor of protein kinases. It has been shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on vismodegib transport. This compound may also have anticancer properties. 3-Trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid binds to the active site of protein kinases, blocking their catalytic activity and inhibiting cell proliferation by interfering with the signaling pathway that regulates cancer cells.</p>

<p>2-Hydroxyhippuric acid (2HPA) is a metabolite of salicylic acid. 2HPA is used to measure the concentration of salicylic acid in urine, which can be used as a biomarker for disease activity. When 2HPA is present in the urine, it indicates that the body has been exposed to salicylic acid. The concentration of 2HPA in urine correlates with the amount of salicylic acid taken orally and excreted by the kidneys. The analytical method for determining 2HPA in urine involves measuring the concentration of 2HPA and its derivatives with high pressure liquid chromatography or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Some biological samples that can be tested include blood, serum, plasma, saliva, sweat, or hair. Pharmacological agents that may affect 2HPA levels include other drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin. The model system for this metabolite is human</p>

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<p>2-Methoxyphenylacetic acid is a chromatographic and synthetic chemical that is used as an antisolvent. It is a carboxylic acid with a phosphate group, which can be used for sphingosine kinase reactions. 2-Methoxyphenylacetic acid has been shown to be catalysed by hydrochloric acid and naphthenic acids to produce reaction products that are insoluble in organic solvents. 2-Methoxyphenylacetic acid is stable at neutral pH, but it reacts with water to form hydrogen chloride gas at high temperatures. This chemical has been found in the plasma concentrations of cancer patients who have undergone chemotherapy treatment.</p>

<p>5-Benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid is a versatile compound that has been used as a building block for the synthesis of diverse chemical compounds. It has been shown to be useful in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals, such as anticancer drugs, antibiotics, and analgesics. 5-Benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid is also used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds. It has a CAS number of 6640-09-1 and is classified as a research chemical.</p>

<p>Piperidin-1-yl-acetic acid is a nitrogen-containing organic compound, which is an alkanoic acid. It has a molecular weight of 104.09 and empirical formula C6H11NO2. Piperidin-1-yl-acetic acid is not soluble in cold water, but it dissolves in boiling water to form a white solid. This compound can be used as an enzyme inhibitor or as a pharmacological agent.<br>Piperidin-1-yl-acetic acid has been shown to inhibit the transcriptional regulation of enzymes that are involved in the production of porphyrins and other heme protein cofactors such as cytochrome c. The compound also inhibits the synthesis of these enzymes by binding to their active sites and inhibiting their function.</p>

<p>Potassium phloroglucinol carboxylate is a fine chemical that can be used as a versatile building block, complex compound, research chemical, reagent, speciality chemical and useful intermediate. It is also a useful scaffold for the synthesis of other compounds. Potassium phloroglucinol carboxylate has been shown to react with a wide variety of functional groups and has been used in the preparation of new compounds. The CAS number for potassium phloroglucinol carboxylate is 91313-55-2.</p>

<p>Synthetic peptide; adrenocorticotropic hormone</p>

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<p>2-Fluoro-6-hydroxybenzoic acid is a fluorescent compound that is commonly used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It has been shown to be an effective fungicide, and has also been shown to have pesticidal activity against various insects. The stability of 2-fluoro-6-hydroxybenzoic acid in water depends on the pH level; at low pH levels, it is stable and can be used as a fungicide, while at high pH levels, it is unstable and cannot be used as a fungicide. Studies have shown that 2-fluoro-6-hydroxybenzoic acid binds with hydrogen ions to form stable complexes, which may explain its pesticidal properties.</p>

<p>Indole-3-acetic acid hydrazide is a molecule that has been shown to inhibit the activity of enzymes such as phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase. The compound also inhibits hemolytic activity by binding to the red blood cell membrane and inhibiting the enzyme NADH oxidoreductase. Indole-3-acetic acid hydrazide has been shown to bind to divinylbenzene with a hydrogen bond. The compound is also able to inhibit fatty acid synthesis through its interaction with the fatty acid synthase enzyme. In addition, indole-3-acetic acid hydrazide can be used as an inhibitor of SplA2 in cells.</p>

<p>Diphenylacetic acid is a chiral compound that has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and other inflammatory mediators, which play a role in autoimmune diseases. The synthesis of these mediators is dependent on the enzyme cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Diphenylacetic acid inhibits COX-1 by forming an acyl ester with arachidonic acid, which blocks the formation of PGE2. This drug also inhibits COX-2 and leukotriene A4 hydrolase, which are enzymes involved in inflammation. Diphenylacetic acid has been shown to be effective in inhibiting the detrusor muscle contractions that cause urinary incontinence.</p>

<p>(S)-2-Hydroxybutyric acid is a substrate molecule for the enzyme malate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of (S)-2-hydroxybutyric acid to propionate and carbon dioxide. This reaction is important in energy production when glycolysis is unable to meet the body's energy requirements. The (S)-2-hydroxybutyric acid can be used as an analytical method for determining insulin resistance by measuring its concentration in urine samples. The logistic regression model was used to predict the probability that a cancer patient would respond positively to treatment with (S)-2-hydroxybutyric acid. Hydroxyl groups are found on both enantiomers of (S)-2-hydroxybutyric acid. In order to determine which enantiomer may have more therapeutic potential, researchers must prepare a sample for analysis and identify which enantiomer is present.</p>

<p>N-Nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid (NMBA) is a solid with a low melting point which has been identified as a potentially carcinogenic component of both tobacco and tobacco smoke. NMBA is also one of a number of nitrosamine impurities which have been found to be present in angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) drugs used to treat high blood pressure.</p>

<p>3-Benzyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrophthalazin-1-yl)acetic acid is a chemical substance that can be used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. This chemical has a variety of uses as a reagent and is considered to be of high quality. It is useful in the synthesis of speciality chemicals, versatile building blocks and fine chemicals. 3-Benzyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrophthalazin-1-yl)acetic acid can be used as a reaction component for complex compounds or as an intermediate for the synthesis of other compounds.</p>

<p>Beta-(3-aminophenyl)propionic acid (BAPA) is a β-amino acid that inhibits the formation of nitric oxide and other reactive oxygen species by binding to a receptor on the surface of cells. BAPA also has inhibitory properties against certain enzymes, such as aminopyrine N-demethylase and carbonic anhydrase. It is used in analytical methods for amines, malonic acid, and hydrochloride salts. Carbon sources that are metabolized by fungi can be converted into BAPA through the process of asymmetric synthesis. This compound is also used as a precursor for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.</p>

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<p>4-Chloro-3-methoxybenzoic acid (4CMB) is a putative cancer drug that belongs to the group of imidazole derivatives. 4CMB has been shown to inhibit the growth of human breast and colon cancer cells in culture by altering the metabolism of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which is an acceptor for aromatic amino acid hydroxylase. The effect of 4CMB on this enzyme leads to a decrease in the production of kynurenine, which is a molecule involved in the production of melanin. This reduced amount of kynurenine results in a loss of pigment and decreases the ability of melanocytes to produce pigments such as melanin. This may help explain how 4CMB works against malignant cells and cancer.</p>

<p>L-b-Phenyllactic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is found in urine. It has an inhibitory effect on the binding of certain inhibitors, such as fatty acids and malic acid, to their receptors. L-b-Phenyllactic acid also inhibits the binding of some drugs, such as L-DOPA, to their receptors. This inhibition may be due to hydrogen bonding or receptor binding interactions with specific amino acids in the receptor protein. L-b-Phenyllactic acid has been shown to have cytotoxic effects on leukemia cells and is used for animal experiments.</p>

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<p>Ethyl 2-tolylacetate is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other organic compounds, such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. This compound can be prepared by the reductive coupling of ethyl bromoacetate with toluene via palladium catalysis or by the cross-coupling of ethyl bromoacetate with 2-chloropropiophenone. The regiospecificity of this reaction was found to depend on the nature of the nucleophile and the boronic acid used in the reaction. Ethyl 2-tolylacetate is also used for peptide synthesis and as an ligand for sulphoxides.</p>

<p>1,8-Dihydroxynaphthylene-3,6-disulfonic acid is a sulfonic acid that has been shown to be an effective biocide for wastewater treatment. It has the ability to form stable complexes with organic matter and is not readily degraded by chemical reactions. 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthylene-3,6-disulfonic acid has been shown to have a strong affinity for certain metals and can be used to remove them from wastewater. This compound is also able to form stable complexes with metal ions in solution, which leads to the removal of these metals from the water column. The optimum concentration of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthylene-3,6-disulfonic acid varies depending on the specific metal being targeted and ranges from 0.01% to 0.1%.</p>

<p>5-Fluoroindole-3-acetic acid is a fluorine-containing drug that inhibits the transport of indoleacetic acid (IAA), an auxin, in the peo-iaa system. It has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis in a variety of tumour cells. 5-Fluoroindole-3-acetic acid can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancers such as bladder, breast, and prostate cancers. This drug also activates enzymatic reactions by introducing fluorine atoms into reaction sites.</p>

<p>Trimesic acid is a chemical compound that belongs to the family of pyrazoles. It is stable in water and has a low surface tension. Trimesic acid has been used as a model for developing new drugs for human serum, which is difficult to study due to its complexity. The x-ray crystal structures of trimesic acid have been determined and show that it has three hydrogen bond interactions with the amine group of an amino acid residue on the protein surface, as well as two intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Trimesic acid also shows permeation through a membrane made from human serum albumin, which makes it useful as a drug delivery agent.</p>

<p>Rac-trans-3-amino-1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine 4-carboxylic acid (rac TAT) is an axial chiral compound. It has a molecular weight of 246.36 and the empirical formula C11H19N3O4. Rac TAT is soluble in water and alcohols. Rac TAT crystallizes as a racemic mixture of enantiomers (Rac=50% + 50%). Rac TAT has been used as a probe for cyclic secondary amines with high resolution. Rac TAT also shows high selectivity for β-amino acids over α-amino acids. The configuration of the molecule is determined by the configuration of the biphenyl substituents at C4 and C5. Rac TAT can be synthesized from racemic trans 3 amino 1 oxyl 2 2 5 5 tetramethyl pyrrolidin 4</p>

<p>Selection reagent for orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase mutants</p>

<p>L-glutamic acid 5-tert-butyl ester (L-GTE) is an amino acid that is classified as a heterocyclic amide. It can be synthesized by the condensation of L-glutamic acid and N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-propenyl)carbodimide with the tert-butylester of dihydrobenzoin. The protonation of L-GTE with sodium hydroxide produces the corresponding salt, L-glutamic acid 5-(N,N'-dimethylamino)propyl ester. This compound can be used for the synthesis of various amines by reacting it with primary amines in different sequences. L-GTE has also been shown to have antioxidant properties, which may be due to its ability to scavenge hydrogen sulfate radicals.</p>

<p>(S)-2-Amino-3-(methylamino)propanoic acid hydrochloride is a synthetic compound often used in scientific research. It is derived from non-proteinogenic amino acids and has important implications for the study of neurotoxicology. This compound mimics the structural properties of certain naturally occurring amino acids, which allows it to act as a significant tool for understanding biological pathways affected by neurotoxins.</p>

<p>3-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid is a metabolite of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) that has been found to be elevated in the urine of women with breast cancer. This metabolite may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer and other types of cancer. It also has anti-inflammatory and glucose regulation effects in humans. The concentration of 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid was found to be significantly higher in urine samples from women diagnosed with breast cancer than in urine samples from healthy controls, which suggests that this metabolite could be used as a marker for early detection of breast cancer.</p>

<p>4-Mercaptomethyl dipicolinic acid is a polymerized, bifunctional molecule that can be used as a luminescent probe to study the structure and dynamics of proteins. It has been shown to bind to lanthanide ions and has fluorescence properties. 4-Mercaptomethyl dipicolinic acid can be synthesized by a method involving the reaction of mercaptoethanol with sodium dithiocarbamate and copper(II) sulfate in an aqueous solution. This reaction produces two molecules of 4-mercaptomethyl dipicolinic acid for every one molecule of mercaptoethanol used, which then reacts with two molecules of 2,4-dinitrophenol in an aqueous solution. The resulting product is then purified by recrystallization from hot water. The conformational properties of 4-mercaptomethyl dipicolinic acid are dependent on temperature, pH,</p>

<p>2-Oxo-3-benzothiazolacetic acid is a fine chemical and building block that has been used as an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of complex compounds. It can be used in research as a reaction component, and is useful in the manufacture of speciality chemicals. This compound has many uses, including as a reagent for organic syntheses and as a building block for other chemicals. 2-Oxo-3-benzothiazolacetic acid is also known to have high purity, making it an excellent quality reagent.</p>

<p>4-Dimethylaminocinnamic acid (DMA) is a natural organic compound found in plants and animals. This compound has been studied for its potential use as a drug, but it is not currently used in medicine. 4-Dimethylaminocinnamic acid can inhibit the activity of certain enzymes by binding to them, including the enzyme polymerase chain that synthesizes DNA. It also can bind to other proteins, such as carbonyl groups and cinnamic acid derivatives, which are found in human liver cells. 4-Dimethylaminocinnamic acid can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules due to its hydroxyl group and carboxylic acid group. It also has a high viscosity due to its long hydrocarbon chain.</p>

<p>4-Azidobutyric acid (4-AA) is a cyclic peptide with an amide bond that forms the backbone of the molecule. The 4-AA skeleton has been used in the synthesis of a number of organic compounds, including azides and tethering molecules. The synthesis of 4-AA is carried out on solid phase as it is insoluble in water. It has also been used for the production of supramolecular assemblies and quantum dots with novel properties. This compound can be found in nature as part of streptavidin or calcium assay reagents.</p>

<p>2-Quinoxalinecarboxylic acid is a monoclonal antibody that binds to fatty acids. It has been shown to be effective in treating solid tumours, autoimmune diseases, and cyclic peptide-induced genotoxicity in biological studies. The compound is stable at physiological pH and can be used for the detection of hydrochloric acid using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.</p>

<p>2-Chlorophenylphenyl-aminomethanesulphonic acid sodium salt is a fine chemical that is a useful building block in research and development. It can be used as a reagent, a CAS No. 132141-36-7, or as a speciality chemical. This compound has been used as an intermediate in the synthesis of complex compounds. It also acts as a versatile building block for various reactions and has been used as a scaffold for the synthesis of new compounds.</p>

<p>4-Chloromandelic acid is an organic compound that is an important intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. It can be used as a ligand to form complexes with transition metals, such as Mo(VI), which are used to catalyze hydrogenation reactions. 4-Chloromandelic acid binds to the substrate binding site on the enzyme through hydrogen bonding interactions. This binding causes a conformational change in the enzyme that inhibits its activity. The kinetic data for 4-chloromandelic acid was determined using trifluoroacetic acid as the solvent and supercritical carbon dioxide as the antisolvent. The enantiomer of 4-chloromandelic acid was identified by analytical methods, including gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy.</p>

<p>3,4-Diacetoxybenzoic acid is a tetronic acid that can be synthesized from protocatechuic acid. It has potent inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase, which is an enzyme responsible for the production of leukotrienes and other lipid compounds in the human body. 3,4-Diacetoxybenzoic acid inhibits fatty acid synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme acyl-CoA synthetase. This compound also has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, which are both associated with skin infections. 3,4-Diacetoxybenzoic acid may also have anti-inflammatory properties due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>tert-Butyl 2-isopropylhydrazinecarboxylate is a high quality chemical that has been used as a reagent, useful intermediate, speciality chemical, and research chemicals. It has been shown to be an excellent building block for the synthesis of complex compounds. This chemical has also been used as a reaction component in the synthesis of fine chemicals and other useful compounds.</p>

<p>3-(N-Morpholino)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt is a buffer that is used to maintain the pH of a solution. It has been found to be a potential biomarker for bladder cancer, with an increased concentration seen in urine samples and chloride ions as well as inorganic acids. The reaction vessel must be filled with 3N sodium hydroxide solution and heated to dissolve the 3-(N-morpholino) 2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt.</p>

<p>2,3-Dihydro-1H-isoindole-1-carboxylic acid is an acidic molecule that can be found in high concentrations in the blood. It is also a metabolite of isoindolines, which are an important class of drugs used to treat chronic hypertension. 2,3-Dihydro-1H-isoindole-1-carboxylic acid belongs to the group of structural formula categorized as an enolate; this group is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks enzymes involved in the production of cholesterol. 2,3-Dihydro-1H-isoindole-1-carboxylic acid has been shown to inhibit the activity of two enzymes: cytochrome P450 and sterol C5 reductase. The mechanism behind this inhibition is homologous with other known inhibitors such as 3-(2′,4′dichlorophenyl)acrylic acid (methaz</p>

<p>2-Bromo-2-methylpropionic acid is a chemical compound that is used to stabilize nanoparticles. It also has covalent interactions with the surface of the nanoparticles, which helps to stabilize them and prevent aggregation. 2-Bromo-2-methylpropionic acid can be modified with polymers or other molecules that can help to stabilize the particles. This stabilizer is also able to create magnetic nanoparticles by using a strategy called "magnetic stabilization". In this method, the stabilizer can react with the metal ions in solution and form a stable complex, which will then coat the particles of interest. The stabilizer can also be used to circumvent mesoporous materials, such as silica gel, by coating them with a polymer layer.</p>

<p>2,3-Dichlorophenylboronic acid is a boron-containing compound. It is a substrate for the enzyme phosphatase and has been shown to inhibit the activity of the SHP2 protein kinase in vitro. This inhibition can lead to programmed cell death via apoptosis and necrosis. 2,3-Dichlorophenylboronic acid has also been shown to inhibit the growth of erythromycin resistant bacteria. The two isomers are not equally active. Dichloro(phenyl)boronic acid (1) is more potent than dichlorobis(phenyl)boronic acid (2).</p>

<p>3-[2-(Benzoyloxy)phenyl]propionic acid is a fine chemical that is useful for the synthesis of a wide range of chemicals. It is used as a versatile building block, intermediate and reagent in organic chemistry. This compound has CAS number 59725-59-6 and is soluble in water. 3-[2-(Benzoyloxy)phenyl]propionic acid can be synthesized from benzaldehyde, phenylacetic acid and propionic anhydride in the presence of sodium acetate.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Mca-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-Ala-Pro-Lys(Dnp)-OH trifluoroacetate including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Potential antioxidant; pharmaceutical intermediate</p>

<p>4-(Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxyl-hydrazide trifluoroacetic acid is a versatile building block that is useful as a reagent and scaffold in many chemical reactions. It is used in the synthesis of complex compounds, research chemicals, and speciality chemicals. 4-(Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxyl-hydrazide trifluoroacetic acid has been shown to be a high quality compound with uses as a reaction component and useful scaffold.</p>

<p>4,6-Dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester is a synthetic compound that functions as an agonist of the indole 2 receptor. It has been shown to have affinity for cortical and brain membranes, with a greater affinity for acidic regions of the membrane. 4,6-Dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester is also capable of binding to the indole 2 receptor and activating it. The carboxyl group in this compound is substituted with benzene rings, which are connected by a moiety containing two carboxylic groups. 4,6-Dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester was synthesised from 1H -indole acetic acid and chloroethane in four steps.</p>

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<p>2-Bromo-4-iodobenzoic acid is a high quality, versatile building block that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of many fine chemicals and speciality chemicals. It has been found to be useful in the preparation of various pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, as well as research chemicals. This compound is also a useful scaffold for the synthesis of complex compounds with biological activity. 2-Bromo-4-iodobenzoic acid has been used as a reagent in organic synthesis, and can be used to generate new chemical reaction components for use in laboratory experiments.</p>

<p>2,3-Dichlorocinnamic acid is an organic compound that can be synthesized in a multistep process involving the reaction of pyridine with sulfuryl chloride. This reaction forms 2,3-dichloropropiophenone and 2,3-dichloroacetophenone. The latter compound is converted to the desired product by reacting it with thionyl chloride. The final step involves hydrolysis of the ester group to form 2,3-dichlorocinnamic acid.<br>2,3-Dichlorocinnamic acid can also be synthesized from phenylpropiolic acid and chlorosulfuric acid or from methyl propiolate and chlorosulfuric acid. <br>2,3-Dichlorocinnamic acid is a white crystalline solid that melts at 155°C and boils at 287°C. It is soluble in water and has a low yield due to</p>

<p>2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid potassium salt is a fine chemical that is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and speciality chemicals. It is a versatile building block with a variety of uses in research and manufacturing, including being used as a reaction component or as a reagent. This product has CAS No. 184637-62-5 and has been assigned the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number 184637-62-5.</p>

<p>Syringic acid is a phenolic acid that is found in the bark of the syringa tree (Lilac). It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine preparations to treat conditions such as skin problems and convulsions. Syringic acid is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxybenzoic acid, which is used as an analytical marker for plant identification. Syringic acid can be extracted from plants using subcritical water extraction or acetate extract. The sample preparation involves preparing samples of plant tissue by grinding them into a powder, followed by extraction with organic solvents. The final step is to purify the extract using column chromatography or recrystallization techniques.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H3ClNO2. It is a white crystalline powder that reacts readily with water to form a dilute solution. The reaction yield of 6-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid can be increased by heating the solution to dehydrate it, and this can be done at room temperature or higher. The reaction time can also be shortened by adding more chloride ions to the solution. This organic compound has two isomers, one of which is stable and the other which is unstable. The unstable isomer can be removed by recrystallizing the product from a solvent such as dicloxacillin or potassium chloride.</p>

<p>5-Aminoisophthalic acid is a molecule that belongs to the group of compounds classified as p2, which are characterized by a hydrogen bond. The molecule is synthesized from n-dimethylformamide and glycol ester. It can be used in the synthesis of other compounds, such as 5-aminoisophthalic acid, which has been shown to have hemolytic activity. FTIR spectroscopy analysis reveals that the structure of 5-aminoisophthalic acid has nitrogen atoms in its side chain. This molecule also has an ultraviolet absorption range of about 225 nm to about 300 nm and shows strong absorption bands at around 290 nm and 350 nm.</p>

<p>5,5-Dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid is a chemical compound that contains a thiazolidine ring. This compound is a chiral molecule and has been shown to have an interaction with tyrosinase, which is an enzyme involved in the production of melanin. The conformation of this molecule can be determined by x-ray diffraction studies. The reaction product is formed when 5,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine 4 carboxylic acid reacts with an aldehyde.</p>

<p>1,3-Acetonedicarboxylic acid is a crystalline solid that belongs to the group of carboxylic acids. 1,3-Acetonedicarboxylic acid interacts with its receptor by binding to a hydroxyl group and two hydrogen atoms. It has been shown that 1,3-acetonedicarboxylic acid can inhibit HIV infection in vitro by preventing the virus from attaching to cells. It also inhibits malonic acid oxidation and citric acid cycle enzymes in rat liver mitochondria. The synthesis of 1,3-acetonedicarboxylic acid can be achieved through different methods:<br><br>1) By reacting sodium carbonate with malonic acid <br>2) By reacting hydrogen fluoride with malonic acid <br>3) By reacting sodium carbonate with citric acid (malonic ester) and then hydrolyzing it <br>4) By reacting sodium carbonate with malonitrile and then hydro</p>

<p>3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorobenzoic acid is a chemical that belongs to the class of reagents. It reacts with an amine to form a urea and a dioxane derivative. 3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorobenzoic acid is used in the research and development of new drugs as a useful scaffold for novel compounds. It can be used as an intermediate or building block in the synthesis of complex molecules. This chemical also has speciality uses as a fine chemical, such as for use in cosmetics or cleaning products.</p>

<p>Androgen receptor antagonist; apoptotic in hepatic cells</p>

<p>5,6-Dihydroxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (5,6 DHICA) is a photosensitizing agent with a long detection time. It has been used in the treatment of cervical cancer and skin cancer. 5,6 DHICA is an inhibitor of tyrosinase, which is responsible for the synthesis of melanin. 5,6 DHICA prevents the conversion of dopachrome to eumelanin by binding to the active site of tyrosinase and inhibiting its activity. This makes it an important drug for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as vitiligo and melasma.</p>

<p>Modafinil is a wakefulness-promoting agent that has been approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. Modafinil carboxylate methyl ester (MCE) is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) that is synthesized from modafinil. MCE is a white to off-white powder that is soluble in water and acetonitrile. It has been shown to be identical to the API on the basis of analytical data, including analytical methods such as reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), quantified by UV spectrophotometry at 230 nm, and validated by process development.</p>

<p>4-(Chloromethyl)benzoic acid methyl ester is a synthetic compound that inhibits the DPP-IV enzyme, which is involved in the breakdown of the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Its structure consists of a benzene ring with a chloromethyl group on one side and an ester group on the other. 4-(Chloromethyl)benzoic acid methyl ester has been shown to be more potent than other known DPP-IV inhibitors. It has also been shown to have genotoxic impurities and chronic treatment effects, such as cancer.</p>

<p>2-Amino-5-bromobenzoic acid is a chemical compound that is used to synthesize other pharmaceuticals. It has been shown to have potent antiinflammatory activity and inhibit the growth of certain types of cancer cells. 2-Amino-5-bromobenzoic acid also has antiviral properties, and it inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cell culture. This drug has been shown to be effective against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV). 2-Amino-5-bromobenzoic acid is poorly soluble in water; therefore, it can be administered intravenously as a prodrug. The absorption of this drug is dependent on pH levels, with higher concentrations found in acidic environments.</p>

<p>4-Chlorophenylacetic acid is a fatty acid that reacts with hydroxyl groups to form reaction intermediates. It has been used in antiestrogen therapy as it is able to inhibit the activity of estrogen. It has also been used in polymeric matrices to control the release of silver ions for the treatment of cancer. 4-Chlorophenylacetic acid is synthesized by acylation of phenylacetic acid with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of hydrochloric acid and sephadex g-100. 4-Chlorophenylacetic acid has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in animal models, which may be due to its ability to induce apoptosis.</p>

<p>4-Chloro-3-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester is a chemical compound that is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It can be used to produce high quality research chemicals, speciality chemicals, and fine chemicals. This compound has a wide variety of uses because it is versatile and can be used as a reaction component or building block. Its CAS number is 116022-18-5.</p>

<p>4-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid is a viscometric, anticancer drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. It inhibits the production of dioxane and cyclic peptide, which are important for cancer cell proliferation. 4-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid has also been shown to have antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium avium complex. This drug has a potent inhibitory effect on u87 cells and has a significant antitumor activity. The mechanism of action involves inhibiting the synthesis of p-hydroxybenzoic acid by hydrogen peroxide in the oxidation of salicylic acid.</p>

<p>2-Methoxycinnamic acid methyl ester is a monomer that can be used in the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. It has been shown to have high activity and can be used at temperatures between 20°C and 40°C. This reagent is also soluble in organic solvents, making it easy to purify. The size of the particles can be controlled by changing the diameter of the monomer, which can be determined using various techniques such as magnetic separation, filtration, or centrifugation. 2-Methoxycinnamic acid methyl ester was found to have a mesoporous structure when synthesized using an organometallic technique. This reagent is suitable for use in analytical methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).</p>

<p>N-(Aminoethyl)-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NAES) is a fluorescent dye that has been used to study the structure of proteins. NAES binds to acceptor sites on the protein, which can be either amino acid side chains or other ions in solution. The fluorescence of NAES depends on the environment and the number of acceptors present. This dye has been used in assays for staphylococcus, as it is resistant to staining by Gram stain and stains brightly with fluorescence assay. NAES has also been shown to have a high kinetic rate and sensitivity, making it an effective virus assay.</p>

<p>Pamidronic acid is a monosodium salt that inhibits the production of proteins by binding to the enzyme protein phosphatase. It has been shown to be an effective chemotherapeutic treatment in a number of animal models and human clinical trials for various cancers, including myeloma, squamous carcinoma, and bone cancer. Pamidronic acid also prevents the proliferation of tumor cells in culture via inhibition of DNA synthesis and RNA synthesis. This drug binds to estrogen receptors on the surface of some cancer cells, thereby inhibiting their response to estradiol benzoate (EB) stimulation. This leads to decreased tumor growth in preclinical models.</p>

<p>Cis-3-(2-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that is used in pest control. It has been detected in urine samples at concentrations of up to 10 ng/mL and has been found to be an enantiomer of the natural pyrethroid cis-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid. Cis-3-(2-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2,-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid is also known as "RIVM" and has been shown to have high detection rates for naphthalene. This compound is acidic and can be hydro</p>

<p>2-Oxo-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester is an activated form of 2-oxopyran. It reacts with nucleophiles, such as malic acid, to form ethyl esters. This reaction is an example of the Friedel-Crafts reaction, which is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The rate of this reaction depends on the activation energies and fluorescence properties of the reactants. The mechanism for this reaction is that the double bond in the carbonyl group is ruptured by attacking nucleophiles, resulting in a release of hydrogen gas and formation of carboxylic acid derivatives. The product can be isolated using a solvent extraction technique or purified using column chromatography.</p>

<p>3-(Difluoromethoxy)-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid is an antibacterial drug that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolones. It inhibits bacterial growth by binding to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes in bacteria. 3-(Difluoromethoxy)-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid has been shown to be active against a wide variety of bacteria and is used as a treatment for urinary tract infections and skin infections. 3-(Difluoromethoxy)-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid can also be used in combination with other antibiotics such as tetrabutyl ammonium chloride to enhance their effects.</p>

<p>(5S)-N-(5-Amino-1-carboxypentyl) iminodiacetic acid hydrate is a sophisticated chelating agent, designed for precise control in various biochemical applications. The reactive moieties of this compound are particularly useful in affinity chromatography and surface functionalization, making it a valuable tool in both protein purification and the development of biosensors or other biotechnological applications. Affinity chromatography: As a metal-chelator, it is particularly adept at binding divalent metal cations such as Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Cu²⁺, which are instrumental in stabilizing protein structures or facilitating enzyme activity. When complexed with Ni²⁺ (nickel) ions (5S)-N-(5-Amino-1-carboxypentyl) iminodiacetic acid forms a surface that can specifically capture proteins engineered with a polyhistidine tag (His-tag). Such interactions facilitate the purification and isolation of target proteins with high specificity, allowing immobilization in a controlled orientation without compromising functional integrity.Surface functionalization: The free amine group allows for conjugation via strong covalent bonds to surfaces such as glass, silica, gold (e.g., electrodes), polymers, hydrogels and magnetic beads. This creates metal-functionalized surfaces for biospecific interactions with His-tagged proteins. Examples of potential applications of this include Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), fluorescence microscopy and use in artificial cell systems with hydrogel-based cell-mimicking environments. Thus giving (5S)-N-(5-Amino-1-carboxypentyl) iminodiacetic acid a broad scope in its application in advanced biochemical assays and materials science.</p>

<p>Aspartic acid is an amino acid that belongs to the group of aspartates. It is synthesized in the human body and used in biochemical reactions. Aspartic acid has been shown to play a role in cancer, bowel disease, and fibrosis. The chemical properties of aspartic acid have been studied using various model systems such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and p-nitrophenyl phosphate assay. Aspartic acid is a substrate for the enzyme asparaginase, which converts it into asparagine, another amino acid that can be used by the body.</p>