Antivirals

<p>8-epiAtazanavir is a stereoisomer of the antiretroviral drug Atazanavir, which is derived from synthetic sources. It acts as an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, where it binds to the active site of the viral protease enzyme, thereby preventing the cleavage of precursor proteins required for the maturation of infectious viral particles. This interference with viral replication is achieved by the structural mimicry of the natural substrate of the protease, allowing it to competitively inhibit the enzyme's activity.</p>

<p>Vicriviroc is an investigational pharmaceutical compound, specifically classified as an HIV entry inhibitor. It originates from a synthetic source, designed to target the CCR5 co-receptor on human immune cells. The mode of action involves blocking this co-receptor, thereby preventing the HIV virus from binding and fusing with the host cell membrane. This inhibition effectively obstructs the virus's ability to enter and infect the host cells, particularly those within the chemokine receptor family.</p>

<p>Equisetin is a secondary metabolite, which is produced by the fungus *Fusarium equiseti*. It operates predominantly through the inhibition of protein synthesis and interference with cellular processes within target organisms. Equisetin exhibits potent antibacterial and antifungal activities primarily by interfering with cell wall synthesis in bacteria and disrupting key pathways in fungi.</p>

<p>Sofosbuvir is an antiviral agent that is used for the treatment of hepatitis C infections and is used in combination with other antiviral agents. This drug is an inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase called non-structural protein 5B (NS5B). As a result, it inhibits viral RNA replication.</p>

<p>Carbovir triphosphate triethylamine is a nucleotide analog, which is a derivative of nucleoside analogs designed for antiviral applications. It is synthesized through chemical modification of guanosine analogs, resulting in its active triphosphate form. This compound functions as a potent antiretroviral agent by mimicking natural nucleotides and interfering with viral DNA synthesis. The active triphosphate impedes the action of viral reverse transcriptase by incorporating itself into the viral DNA chain, causing premature termination and effectively halting viral replication.</p>

<p>Balapiravir is an antiviral agent, which is a synthetic derivative based on natural compounds, specifically designed to inhibit the replication of various viral pathogens. The source of Balapiravir integrates bio-based elements with modifications to enhance its therapeutic efficacy.</p>

<p>Indinavir monohydrate is an antiretroviral medication, which is a synthetic pharmaceutical compound, specifically a protease inhibitor, used in the treatment of HIV infection. It is derived from chemical synthesis processes that follow rigorous standards to produce a pharmacologically active compound. Indinavir functions by selectively inhibiting the HIV-1 protease enzyme, which is crucial for the viral replication cycle. By binding to the active site of the enzyme, indinavir prevents the cleavage of viral polypeptides, leading to the production of immature and non-infectious viral particles.</p>

<p>Lobucavir is an antiviral compound with a mode of action that inhibits viral DNA polymerase. It is used for treating infections caused by herpesviruses and hepatitis B virus.</p>

<p>RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor</p>

<p>IND24 has anti-prion activity and can be used to study neurodegenerative diseases.</p>

BET-BAY 002 is an effective BET bromodomain inhibitor demonstrating efficacy in vivo and in vitro against multiple myeloma and leukaemia models.

<p>WIN 54954 is an orally available antiviral agent that inhibits Coxsackievirus and may be used in the study of small ribonucleic acid virus infections.</p>

<p>HDAC3-IN-T247 (HDAC3 inhibitor T247) is a histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) inhibitor with antiviral activity that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells.</p>

<p>(R,1R)-Tenofovir amibufenamide ((R,1R)-HS-10234) can be used as a Tenofovir prodrug, which can be taken orally and has antiviral activity.</p>

<p>AMC-01 has potential antiviral activity and induces dose- and time-dependent inactivation of eIF2-α via phosphorylation of serine residue 51.</p>

<p>SARS-CoV-2 nsp13-IN-1 (C1) inhibits nsp13 ssDNA+ATPase (IC50: 6 μM), not ssDNA-ATPase; useful for COVID-19 research.</p>

Tenofovir exalidex (CMX 157) is a lipid-conjugated acyclic nucleotide analog of Tenofovir, demonstrating efficacy against wild-type and antiretroviral-resistant

DDX3-IN-2 is a potent DDX3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 μM and shows broad antiviral effects, including against HIV resistance.

UC-781, a potent NNRTI, inhibits HIV-1 with a C50 of 5 nM and is stable across pH and temperatures.

<p>Potent antiviral against HCMV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)</p>

<p>Alamifovir is an antiviral agent, which is synthetically derived. The mode of action of Alamifovir involves the inhibition of viral replication within host cells by targeting specific viral enzymes crucial for the replication process. This interference with the viral life cycle diminishes the ability of the virus to propagate and spread within the host organism.</p>

DDG-39 (1-(2,3-dideoxy-2-fluoropentofuranosyl)cytosine) possesses antiviral activity with potent and selective anti-HIV-1 and HBV activity in cell culture.

<p>Rociclovir has antiviral activity and is used to treat viral infections.</p>

CMX521: an antiviral for norovirus, effective against rotavirus; inhibits viral RNA polymerase.

BIT225 is an HIV-1 Vpu inhibitor with antiviral activity that inhibits HIV-1 replication in myeloid dendritic cells.

<p>Vidarabine monohydrate is an antiviral agent with action on viral DNA polymerase to inhibit replication and is used for treating herpes simplex virus infections and varicella-zoster virus infections.</p>

<p>Daclatasvir is a direct-acting antiviral agent, which is derived from synthetic chemical sources with a specific mode of action targeting the hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication process. It functions as an inhibitor of the HCV nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A), a vital component necessary for viral RNA replication and virion assembly. By binding to two distinct domains of NS5A, Daclatasvir disrupts its ability to function, thereby effectively halting the replication of the viral genome.</p>

<p>JNJ-49095397 (RV568) is a p38 MAPK-α and p38 MAPK-γ kinase inhibitor for the study of respiratory syncytial virus infection.</p>

<p>Ethacrysta hydrochloride (GNS561 hydrochloride) is a PPT1 inhibitor with antifibrotic properties and may be used in studies of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>

<p>R 61837 is a novel rhinovirus inhibitor, a substituted phenylpyridazinamine, with antiviral activity.</p>

<p>Tenofovir alafenamide (free base) is a prodrug of tenofovir with action on viral reverse transcriptase to block replication and is used for treating HIV/AIDS and chronic hepatitis B with improved safety profile.</p>

<p>Paritaprevir is an antiviral medication, which is derived from chemical synthesis with its action targeting the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It operates primarily as a protease inhibitor, specifically targeting the NS3/4A protease, an essential enzyme for HCV replication. By inhibiting this protease, Paritaprevir effectively disrupts the viral life cycle, preventing the virus from maturing and proliferating within the host cells.</p>

ABI-1968 has antiviral and antitumor activity and can be used to study immune system diseases.

<p>Adenosine analogue with antiviral activity</p>

<p>CMP-5 is a PRMT5 inhibitor with antiviral activity, inhibits PRMT5 methyltransferase activity, and can be used in the study of SARS virus infection.</p>

<p>YM-53403: Antiviral that combats both RSV subgroup A/B, treats respiratory infections.</p>

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

<p>Epetirimod (S-30563) is a small molecule immunomodulator with antitumor and anti-infective activity for the study of papillomavirus infections.</p>

<p>EIDD-2749 (4'-Fluorouridine), an oral drug, inhibits RdRp, halts RSV/SARS-CoV-2 replication, and fights HCV/LCMV.</p>

<p>IQP-0528: Potent NNRTI, blocks HIV entry, microbicidal gel, EC50: 0.2 nM for HIV-1, 100 nM for HIV-2.</p>

MK-28 is a PERK agonist that reduces toxicity in a Huntington's disease model.MK-28 has a significant killing effect on MK28 gastric cancer cells.

HBF-0259 is an inhibitors of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion with an EC50 of 11.3 μM and a CC50 value of >50 μM in HepG2.2.15 cells.

<p>3'-Azido-3'-deoxy-5-methylcytidine inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase(EC50 = 0.06 μM) and is an effective inhibitor of xenotropic murine leukemia-related</p>

<p>DNA polymerase-IN-1 exhibits antiproliferative activity against tumor cells and inhibits Taq DNA polymerase as a DNA polymerase inhibitor.</p>

<p>BF738735 is a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III beta (PI4KIIIβ, IC50 = 5.7 nM) showing higher activity over α(IC50 = 1.7 μM).</p>

<p>ERDRP-0519 is an oral measles polymerase inhibitor, preventing disease in monkeys, with potent nanomolar efficacy against morbilliviruses.</p>

<p>Antiviral Agent 34 is an antiviral compound that inhibits influenza virus and inhibits the proliferation of influenza virus by modulating RNA polymerase.</p>

<p>Sorivudine (BV-araU) is an antiviral blocking DNA synthesis in viruses like varicella, HSV-1, and Epstein-Barr.</p>

<p>(S)-HPMPA is a nucleotide analogue, which is a chemically synthesized compound designed to mimic nucleotides. It acts as both an antiviral and an antitumor agent, sourced primarily through synthetic chemistry involving the modification of naturally occurring nucleotide structures. The mode of action of (S)-HPMPA involves mimicking natural substrates of various viral polymerases and cellular enzymes, thereby inhibiting viral DNA synthesis and disrupting the replication cycle of DNA viruses. Additionally, it can interfere with certain cellular pathways contributing to its antitumor effects.</p>

Galidesivir (BCX4430) is an antiviral compound that inhibits viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity and reduces lung infections in infected animals.

Evixapodlin (PD-1/PD-L1-IN 7) is a human PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction inhibitor (IC50: 0.213).Evixapodlin has anticancer and antiviral activities.

Zotatifin (eFT226) is a selective eIF4A inhibitor with antiviral and antitumor properties, inhibiting Sox4 translation and inducing apoptosis.

Darizmetinib (HRX215) is an MKK4 inhibitor.

FGI-106 tetrahydrochloride demonstrates potent inhibitory activity across a broad spectrum of viruses, including those causing hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola

<p>Abacavir sulfate is a pharmaceutical compound classified as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), which is derived from synthetic sources. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of the reverse transcriptase enzyme, essential for the replication of HIV. By incorporating itself into the viral DNA chain during replication, Abacavir effectively halts the process, preventing further multiplication of the virus within the host cells.<br><br>This antiretroviral medication is primarily used in the management and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infections. Abacavir sulfate is a critical component in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), contributing to the reduction of viral load, enhancing immune function, and improving the long-term clinical outcomes in patients living with HIV. Its application in combination therapies has been instrumental in transforming HIV from a fatal disease into a manageable chronic condition.</p>