Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Applications Hypocholesterolemic isolated from shiitake mushrooms, effecting phospholipid and linoleic acid metabolisms. Specifically, Eritadenine is a potent inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), decreasing total cholesterol levels in plasma.
References Fukada, S., et al.: J. Nut., 136, 2797 (2006), Vilar, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 1118 (2006), Yamada, T., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 73, 981 (2007), Enman, J., et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 2609 (2008),

Impurity Valaciclovir EP Impurity I/ Aciclovir USP Related Compound A
Applications Acyclovir Acetate (Valaciclovir EP Impurity I) is an Acyclovir (A192400) impurity, Aciclovir EP Impurity A
References Goskonda, V., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 180 (1999); Chang, J., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 670 (2000),

Impurity Famciclovir USP Related Compound F
Applications Famciclovir USP Related Compound F

Applications An impurity of Levomefolate (L375720), the natural form of folic acid.
References Verlinde, P.H.C.., et al.: J. Agr. Food. Chem., 57, 6803 (2009); Whiteley, J.M., et al.: Biochem. Biophy. Res. Comm., 101, 1259 (1981);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Dapagliflozin-D5 is a labelled analogue of Dapagliflozin (D185370), a selective sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor that reduces renal glucose reabsorption and is used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes.
References List, J., et al.: Diabetes Care, 32, 650 (2009); Meng, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 1145 (2008); Wilding, J., et al.: Diabetes Care, 32, 1656 (2009)

Applications Gemcitabine Monophosphate is a gemcitabine derivative. It is an antineoplastic agent.
References Balzarini, J., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 897 (1988), Abbruzzese, J., et al.: Investig. New Drugs, 7, 195 (1989), Balzarini, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 264, 6127 (1989), Chu, C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 39, 979 (1995)

Applications Dihydroxy Melphatalan is an analogue of Melphalan (M216900), an antineoplastic.
References Ross, W.C.J., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 13, 969 (1964); Donelli, M.G., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 18, 760 (1966), Furner, R.L., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rep., 64, 559 (1980);

Applications T-705 Ribofuranose is a reagent used for the preparation of pyrazine-ribofuranose derivatives as antiviral agents that are useful in the treatment of viral infections.
References Zhong, B., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 2014:924257 (2014)

Applications 6-Mercaptopurine Disulfide is an impurity of 6-Mercaptopurine (M225450, monohydrate) which is an immunosuppressive drug used to treat leukemia. It is also used for pediatric non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, polycythemia vera, and psoriatic arthritis.
References Zeng, H., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 911 (2004)

Impurity Zidovudine USP Related Compound G
Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 3'-[3-(3-Azido-2,3-dideoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6-dihydro-5-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-3'-deoxy-thymidine (Zidovudine USP Related Compound G) is used in the biological studies and in the preparation of N-3-substituted thymidine nucleosides as virucides as it has anti-HIV activity.
References Adams, D.R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 1550 (1997), Mainardes, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 257 (2009),

Stability Very Hygroscopic
Applications A metabolite of the pesticide Glyphosphate (G765000).
References Siehl, D.L. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 11446 (2007); Env. Prot. Agen. EPA: Fed. Reg., 74, 67129 (2009);

Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Gemcitabine Triphosphate is a phosphorylated metabolite of Gemcitabine (G305000), an antineoplastic agent.
References Kennedy., E.P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 222, 193 (1956),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Isotope labelled analogue of (-)-Inosine (I661000), compound that exhibits neuroprotective properties by improving axonal wiring and has also been used to treat stroke patients to restore neural function.
References Vandemeulebroucke, A., et al.: Biochem., 49, 8999 (2010), Nestor, G., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 10799 (2010),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Emtricitabine Triphosphate Triethylammonium Salt is a metabolite of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000).
References Barditch-Crovo, P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 45, 2733 (2001); Ray, A., et al.: Antivir .Ther., 10, 451 (2005); Borroto-Esoda, K., et al.: Antivir. Ther., 11, 377 (2006)

Applications Isotope labelled analogue of Adenosine 5’-Monophosphate (A281790), a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA.
References Watanabe, M., et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 127, 1689 (1991); Engelke, M., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 137, 219 (1997)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Cytidine 2':3'-cyclic Monophosphate Monosodium Salt is a key compound in the enzymic synthesis of short oligoribonucleotides. Reagent in the amine catalyzed solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotides.
References Gusenkova, N. M., et al.: Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 46, 939 (1976); Tomasz, J., et al.: Nucleic Acid Chem., 2, 875 (1978)

Applications (+)-Isomenthol is a reagent that has been used in the preparation of a phosphine activator.
References Rajendran., K.V., et. al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 54, 7009 (2013)

Impurity 6-Chloro Famciclovir Impurity
Applications 9-[4-Acetoxy-3-(acetoxymethyl)butyl]-2-amino-6-chloropurine is an impurity of Famciclovir (F101125), an antiviral agent and a prodrug of Penciclovir (P221500).
References Raman, N., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 50, 797 (2009); Hodge, V.R.A., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 33, 1765 (1989),

Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity A
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Lamivudine Acid (Lamivudine EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Lamivudine (L172500). Impurity A per European Pharmacopoeia.
References Dwyer, O., et al.: Synlett, 11, 1163 (1995),

Impurity Abacavir API
Applications Abacavir (Abacavir API) is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.
References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)

Applications A tryptamine derivative, a neurotransmitter agonist.
References Dalton, T., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 65, 579 (1979), Kang, S., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 16, 1031 (1979), Wallis, D., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 70, 381 (1981),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydrouridine, is a derivative of Uridine (U829910). Tetrahydrouridine (THU), is a potent inhibitor of cytidine. It inhibits cell proliferation through cell cycle regulation regardless of cytidine deaminase expression levels deaminase (CDA), and thus can be used as a potential and promising treatment for tumors with highly expressed CDA.
References Lorine, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 178, 439 (1949); Funamizu, N., PLoS One, 37424 (2012);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Labelled Adenosine-3’,5’-cyclic Monophosphate (A280455). Adenosine-3’,5’-cyclic Monophosphate is an Adenosine (A280400) derivative useful as anticancer agent.
References Keast, R., et al.: Pharma. Res., 19, 1019 (2002),

Stability Very Very Hygroscopic
Applications Nicotinamide (N407750) analog. Nicotinamide riboside (β-NAR) is an intermediate in one biosynthetic pathway by which Nicotamide is converted into NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)
References Friedlos, F., et al.: J. Biochem. Pharmacol., 44, 25 (1992), Ong, S., et al.: Biochemistry, 11210 (1992), Zhang, X., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 13503 (2003),

Applications Pterine-6-carboxylic Acid is a degradation product of Folic acid (F680300).
References Akhtar, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 19, 269 (1999), Andrisano, V., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 32, 983 (2003), Patro, B., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 67 (2005),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A deoxyribonucleoside as Eg5 kinesin modulator with antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity.
References Hecht, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 17, 588 (2004); Choi, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 38244 (2006); Lao, Y., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 246 (2007);

Applications A labelled Cytidine (C998300) analog and also an isostere of Thymidine (T412000).
References Sabini, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 4219 (2008), Sabini, E., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 378, 607 (2008),

Applications Cytarabine is used as an antineoplastic and antiviral. It is a selective inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Does not inhibit RNA synthesis.Cytarabine, or cytosine arabinoside, is a chemotherapy agent used mainly in the treatment of cancers of white blood cells such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also known as Ara-C (Arabinofuranosyl Cytidine). It destroys cancer cells by interfering with DNA synthesis.
References Donehower, R.C., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rep., 70, 1059 (1986);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A labelled derivative of Cytarabine, a potent cytotoxic-antiviral nucleoside.
References Kufe, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 255, 8997 (1980), Ross, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 2658 (1990), Bhalla, K., et al.: Blood, 80, 2883 (1992), Tonetti, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 23230 (1994),

Impurity Aciclovir EP Impurity P
Applications 9-(2-Hydroxyethyl)guanine (Aciclovir EP Impurity P) is an impurity of the antiviral agent Acyclovir (A192400). 9-(2-Hydroxyethyl)guanine is a nucleoside phosphotransferase acceptor.
References Kamimura, A. et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 37, 2037 (1973);

Applications Purine nucleoside analog; inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Used as an antiviral agent.This compound is suitable for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) related research.
References Fernandez, H., et al.: Eur. J. Epidemiol., 2, 1 (1986), Liao, H.J. and Stollar, V.: Antiviral Res., 22, 285 (1993), Honda, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 653 (1994), Reichard, O., et al.: Lancet, 351, 83 (1998)

Impurity Ribavirin EP Impurity C
Applications 1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxylic Acid (Ribavirin EP Impurity C) is a major metabolite of the antiviral agent Ribavirin (R414475).
References Miller, J.P. et al.: Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 284, 211 (1977); Catlin, D. et al.: Ribavirin: Broad Spec. Antivir. Ag., 83 (1980); Lin, C.C. et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 50, 2368 (2006);

Applications 9-Carboxymethoxymethylguanine is a metabolite of Acyclovir (A192400) which is an antiviral, orally active acyclic nucleoside with inhibitory activity towards several herpes viruses.
References Gunness, P., et al.: Transl. Res., 158, 290 (2011); Collins, P., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 5, 431 (1979), Matsumoto, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 36, 1153 (1988), Whitley, R.J., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 327, 782 (1992),

Applications 2-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran (cas# 5371-52-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications Cabotegravir is a long acting HIV-1 integrase inhibitor with action against a broad range of HIV subtypes.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Yoshinaga, T. et al.: Antimicrob, Agents Chemother., 59, 397 (2015); Andrews, C. et al.: Sci. Transl. Med., 7, 270 (2015);

Impurity USP Capecitabine Related Compound B / Capecitabine EP Impurity B
Applications A prodrug of 5-Flurouridine. A fluorinated pyrimidine nucleoside with cytostatic activity.
References De Cesare, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 49, 5969 (1994), Di Bartolomeo, M., et al.: Tumori, 81, 147 (1995)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A nucleotide of nicotinic acid which is produced from quinolinic acid by quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase via transfer of a phosphoribose group. It is an intermediate of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) which is then converted to NAD via amidation and in turn converted to NADPH.
References Petrelli, R. et al.: Curr. Med. Chem., 18, 1973 (2011); Shibata, K. et al.: J. Chrom. B Biomed. Sci. Appl., 749, 281 (2000); Evans, C. et al.: BMC Chem. Biol., 10, 2 (2010);

Applications Used in the synthesis of labelled 5'-modified 2'-deoxyadenosine analogues as anti-hepatitis C virus agents.
References Gordon, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1 (2005), Ikejiri, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 6882 (2007),

Applications Intermediate in the preparation of Citicoline (C508050), a naturally occurring nucleotide.

Applications 2,6-Diaminopurine-2’-deoxyriboside is a nucleoside analogs synthesized to interfere with DNA metabolism. A derivative of 2,6-Diaminopurine (D416580), which can be used as analyte for biological and analytical studies of incorporation of unnatural nucleotides into mutant tRNA and proteins.
References Kaminski, P. A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 288, 6534-6541 (2013); Ptacin, J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., WO 2016115168 A1 20160721 (2016);

Applications Azathioprine-d3, is the labeled analogue of Azathioprine (A803350), an immunosuppressive antimetabolite, also active as disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).
References Mitrou, P.S., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 29, 483, 662 (1979), Ding, T.L., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 7, 373 (1979), Chan, G.L.C., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 7, 165 (1987), Sandborn, W.J., et al.: : Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 33, Suppl. 225, 92 (1998,)

Applications Gemcitabine Diphosphate is a phosphorylated metabolite of Gemcitabine (G305000), an antineoplastic agent.
References Baker, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 1879 (1991), Huang, P., et al.: Cancer Res., 51, 6110 (1991), Plunkett, W., et al.: Nucleosides Nucleotides, 16, 1261 (1997),

Applications A potent growth inhibitor and cytotoxic agent. It acts as a demethylating agent by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase.
References Kusaba, H., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 262, 924 (1999), Broday, L., et al.: Mol. Cell Biol., 19, 3198 (1999), Qian, X., et al.: Am. J. Pathol., 153, 1475 (1999), Canova, C., et al.: Mech. Ageing Dev., 101, 153 (1998)

Applications N-Nitroso-N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine is used as herbicide.
References Khan, S.U., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 27, 1398 (1979), Ambrus, A., et al.: Pure Appl. Chem., 75, 937 (2003),