Sulfonamides and Derivatives

<p>Impurity Acetaminophen Impurity B<br>Applications N-​[5-​(Acetylamino)​-​2-​hydroxyphenyl]​-​N-​(4-​hydroxyphenyl)​acetamide is an impurity of Acetaminophen (A161220), which is an analgesic and antipyretic (1,2,3,4). N-​[5-​(Acetylamino)​-​2-​hydroxyphenyl]​-​N-​(4-​hydroxyphenyl)​acetamide may be a useful reagent to investigate mechanisms related to liver and kidney damage from acetaminophen. Acetaminophen Impurity B.<br>References (1) Potter, D. W. and Hinson, J. A.: Drug Metab Rev. 20, 341 (1989) (2) Potter, D. W. and Hinson, J. A.: J. Biol. Chem. 260, 12174 (1985) (3) Fairbrother, J.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 1 (1974)(4) Hinson, J.A., et al.: Rev. Biochem. Toxicol., 2, 103 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Acetazolamide EP Impurity G<br>Applications 5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol is a thiadiazole derivative with antibacterial acitivity used in the preparation of herbicides as well as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (Acetazolamide EP Impurity G)<br>References Li, Z. et al.: Ying. Huax., 5, 54 (1988); Supuran, C. et al.: Rev. Roum. Chim., 40, 1227 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metribuzin DK is a selective triazine herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. Used in the protection of vegetable and fruit crops. Pesticide.<br>References Xie, Y. et al.: Microchem. J., 133, 468 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-[4-(2-Methylpropenyl)phenyl]propionic Acid is a byproduct of Ibuprofen (I140000(P)), which is an anti-inflammatory drug.<br>References Sharma, K., et al.: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 16, 8315 (2019)<br></p>

<p>Applications Post-emergence sulfonylurea herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gubbiga, N.G., et al.: Weed Technol., 9, 574 (1995), Ukrainczyk, L., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 855 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Saccharin (S080800). It is a non-nutritive sweetener; pharmaceutic aid (flavor). Saccharin was formerly listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; delisted because the cancer data are not sufficient to meet the current criteria for this listing.<br>References Taylor, J.D., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 6, 313 (1968), Arnold, D.L., et al.: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 4, 674 (1984), Aromatics, Heterocycles, Pharmaceuticals, Intermediates &amp; Fine Chemicals, Sulfur &amp; Selenium Compounds<br></p>

<p>Impurity Glimepiride EP Impurity A<br>Applications cis-Glimepiride (Glimepiride EP Impurity A) is the cis-isomer of Glimepiride found in a bulk drug substance.<br>References Drummer, O., et al.: Anal. Toxicol., 17, 225 (1993), Magni, F., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 282, 136 (2000), Khan, M., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 39, 928 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibacterial.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Seki, et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 15, 1441 (1965), Bohni, et al.: Chemotherapy, 14, 195 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Triamterne, a diuretic agent.<br>References Vollmer, G., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 31, 529 (1981), Gilfrich, H.J., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 25, 237 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications An active metabolite of Glimepiride.<br>References Muller, G., et al.: Diabetes, 42, 1852 (1993), Kramer, W., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 119, 278 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Hydroxy Indapamide is a major metabolite of Indapamide (I500100), and possesses similar antihypertensive and diuretic properties.<br>References Slater, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 222, 1 (1984), Josephson, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 266, 2354 (1991), Del Rio, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm., 250, 133 (1993), Calder, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharma., 256, 185 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Furosemide EP Impurity F<br>Applications Tetrahydro Furosemide is used as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor inhibiting human, bacterial and archaeal isozymes.<br>References Alterio, V. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 4201 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diuretic and antihypertensive.<br>References Twagirumukiza, M., et al.: Trop. Med. Int. Health, 15, 350 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Peters, R., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 2583 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Amino-N-(6-chloro-5-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide is an impurity in the synthesis of Sulfadoxine (S699070), used as an antibacterial.<br>References Kapoor, V.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 571 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tribenuron is an herbicide used in the protection of grains and produce crops.<br>References Nazari A. et al.: Int J. Agri. Crop Sci., 5, 449 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Aqueous Solution<br>Applications Triflusulfuron is derived from Triflusulfuron-methyl (T782000), which is widely used sulfonylurea herbicide.<br>References Song, N., et al.: Huanjing Kexue, 33, 4400 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Ibuprofen Related Compound is an Ibuprofen (I400135) derived compound. Ibuprofen is a drug for the treatment of pains of different origins.<br>References Mueller, P., et al.: Arzneimittel-Forschung, 44, 840 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications A human labelled metabolite of Ibuprofen.<br>References Bales, J., et al.: Clin. Chem., 31, 757 (1985), Maurer, H., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 25, 237 (2001), Zwiener, C., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 372, 569 ( 2002), de Bernardi, B., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 21, 1592 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Etodolac displays anti-inflammatory effects in both adjuvant arthritic and normal rats. Etodolac is an anti-inflammatory; analgesic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Humber, L.G., et al.: Med. Res. Rev., 7, 1 (1987); Balfour, J.A, et al.: Drugs, 42, 274 (1991); Kato, et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 53 1679 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a non-nutritive sweetener; pharmaceutic aid (flavor). Saccharin was formerly listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; delisted because the cancer data are not sufficient to meet the current criteria for this listing.<br>References Taylor, J.D., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 6, 313 (1968), Arnold, D.L., et al.: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 4, 674 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4,6-Triaminopyrimidine is an organic cation used to block paracellular conductance pathways of several epithelia in the rat kidney, ultimately affecting sodium and potassium excretion.<br>References Bowman, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 206, 207 (1978); Rennick, B.: Renal Trans. Org. Subst., No vol. given, 178 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Aceclofenac EP Impurity F<br>Applications A 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]phenylacetoxyacetyl derivative as anti-inflammmatory and analgesic agent. Aceclofenac EP Impurity F.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Furosemide (F865000).<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetaminophen Dimer is an oxidatively couple dimer of Acetaminaphen (A161220), an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1). Acetaminophen Dimer along with other p-acetamidophenol analogs were used to determine peroxidase activities (2,3).<br>References (1) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)(2) Potter, D.W. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 29, 155 (1986) (3) Shiga, M. et al.: Anal. Sci., 11, 195 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Etodolac EP Impurity C<br>Applications (-)-Desethyl Methyl Etodolac (Etodolac EP Impurity C) is an analog of Etodolac (E933100), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).Take not the R/S assignment is not determined.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Humber, L.G., et al.: Med. Res. Rev., 7, 1 (1987); Balfour, J.A, et al.: Drugs, 42, 274 (1991); Kato, et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 53 1679 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-[[4-[2-[[(3-Ethyl-2,5-dihydro-4-methyl-2-oxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)carbonyl]amino]ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]carbamic Acid Methyl Ester, is an impurity of Glimepiride (G410150), which is a medium- to long-acting sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug.<br>References Ratheiser, K., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 43, 856, (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Methyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)benzeneacetic Acid is used in pharmaceutical analysis, and also a constituent of major drug tablets.<br>References Asmus, P.A., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 331, 169 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Hydroxy Trimethoprim is an impurity of Trimethoprim (T795615), an antibacterial agent that is commonly prescribed in conjunction with Sulfametoxazole (S699086) to treat patients afflicted with urinary tract infections.<br>References Dauber-Osguthorpe, P., et al.: Proteins, 4, 31, (1988); Darrell, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pathol., 21, 202 (1968); Zhanel, G., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 44, 1089 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim is a derivative of Trimethoprim (T795615), an antibacterial agent that is commonly prescribed in conjunction with Sulfametoxazole (S699086) to treat patients afflicted with urinary tract infections. 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim also has potential antibacterial activity.<br>References Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 24, 933 (1981)<br></p>

<p>(S)-(+)-Ibuprofen (Dexibuprofen) , is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX).</p>

<p>Applications 2,3-Dihydro-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-amine Hydrochloride is an synthetic intermediate of Indapamide (I500100), an antihypertensive agent and a diuretic.<br>References Leary, et al.: Curr. Ther. Res., 15, 571 (1973), Kyncl, J., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 25, 1491 (1975), DiFeo, T.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 229 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Furosemide EP Impurity C<br>Applications A metabolite of Furosemide.<br>References Smith, D., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposit., 8, 337 (1980), Andreasen, F., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 14, 306 (1982), Choi, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 80, 638 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tolnaftate EP Impurity D<br>Applications N,3-Dimethylaniline (Tolnaftate EP Impurity D) is a Tolnaftate (T535400) impurity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Erickson, R., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 25, 1512 (2006), Kelly, B., et al.: Science, 317, 236 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ibuprofen EP Impurity J<br>Applications 1-Oxo Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen EP Impurity J), is a degradation product of Ibuprofen arising from oxidative and thermal treatments. 1-Oxo Ibuprofen is the Ibuprofen impurity J.<br>References Heikkinen, L., et al.: Acta Pharm. Fenn., 92, 275 (1983), Vargas, F., et al.: Pharmazie, 11, 767 (1991), Lee, J., et al.: Pharm. Res., 9, S170 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Acetazolamide EP Impurity B<br>Applications N-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-ylacetamide is an impurity of Acetazolamide (A161500). Acetazolamide EP Impurity B<br>References Zarghi, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 28, 169 (2002), Subbarao, D., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 67, 841 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Vaborbactam is a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor. While not effective as an antibiotic by itself, it restores potency to existing antibiotics by inhibiting the beta-lactamase enzymes that would otherwise degrade them. When combined with an appropriate antibiotic it can be used for the treatment of gram-negative bacterial.<br>References Hecker, S.J., et al.: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 58, 3682 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfadimethoxine-d6 is deuterium labelled sulfadimethoxine-d6, which is an antibacterial.<br>References Seki, et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 15, 1441 (1965); Bohni, et al.: Chemotherapy, 14, 195 (1969)<br></p>

<p>Applications A drug used to treat tuberculosis.<br>References Marrero-Ponce, Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 2881 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nitrobenzene is a compound that exhibits chromosomal genotoxicity against hamster lung cells, and has the potential to cause cancer in humans (1,2). Nitrobenzene is also used as a starting material to synthesize 4-Aminophenol (A618920) through catalytic hydrogenation (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Bonacker, D. et al.: Arch. Toxicol. 2004 Jan;78(1):49-57.2. Hsu, C. et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. C. Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. 2007 Apr-Jun;25(2):155-843. Rode, C. et al.: Org. Proc. Res. Dev. 1999 Nov;3(6), pp 465–470<br></p>