Food Industry Standards

Applications A labelled metabolite of Di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPP), used mainly as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose.
References Schmid, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 1985, 15, 251 (1985), Nativelle, C., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 37, 905 (1999), Howdeshell, K., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 105, 153 (2008),

Applications 1,2-Dichlorobenzene is used as an organic solvent in a wide array of chemical reactions. Also known to cause oxidative stress and induction of apoptotic markers in lung epithelial cells. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene is a side product of the production of chlorobenzene.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Peljo, P. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 5974 (2012); Morbt, N. et al.: J. Proteome Res., 10, 363 (2011); Serguchev, Y.A., et al.: Theoretic. Experiment. Chem., 47, 123 (2011); Aracil, I., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 4169 (2010);

Applications Betaine, is the product of the enzyme oxidation of choline. It can also be used as an organic osmolytes. Betain is a methyl donor of increasingly recognized significance in biology. It can also be used for the treatment of homocystinuria which is an inherited disorder of the metabolism of amino acid methionine.
References J. Biol. Chem., 234, 1171 (1959); Alex, N. et al.: Org. Chem., (1987); Rees, W. et al.: Biochem., 32, 137 (1993);

Applications L-Alanine used to make in-vivo measurement of glucose and alanine metabolism in studies of patients with diabetes. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid for human development. L-Alanine is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code
References Bier, D.M. et al.: Diabetes, 26, 1005 (1977); Capaldo, B. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 71, 1220 (1990); Giacca, A. et al.: Diabetes, 47, 1763 (1998);

Applications A phtalate ester found in plastic gasket used in food packaging. Used in environmental toxicology studies as a present contaminant.
References Novak, J. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 26, 1591 (2007); Yu, Y. et al.: Ship. Gong. Keji, 29, 243 (2008);

Applications Galangin is a flavanoid found in Alpinia officinarum, galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga) and in propolis. Galangin has been show to inhibit proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells as well as delay of mammary tumorigenesis.
References So, F.V. et al.: Nutrit. Cancer, 26, 167 (1996); So, F. et al.: Cancer Lett., 112, 127 (1997); Ciolino, H.P. et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 79, 1340 (1999);

Applications 2,2-Bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane acts as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), activating estrogen through the estrogen receptor ERα. It is a full agonist for the estrogen receptor.
References Matsushima, A. et al.: Environ. Health, Perspect. 118, 1267 (2010);

Applications Monoisopropyl Phthalate, is shown to have anti-estrogenic activities at higher than 10-4 M. It can also be used for the preparation of SB-462795, a cathepsin K inhibitor.
References Okubo, T., et al.: Bio. Pharmace. Bulletin, 26 (8), 1219 (2003); Wang, H., et al.: Org. Process Res. Deve., 12, 226 (2008);

Stability Volatile
Applications 2-Pentyl Acetate has a weak banana odor. 2-Pentyl Acetate is an irritant.Environmental contaminants; food contaminants.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Dong, T., et al.: J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 89, 441 (2014); Xu, Z., et al.: Food Bioprocess Tech 9, 407 (2016)

Applications Wogonin acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, attenuating ovalbumin antigen-influenced neutrophillic airway inflammation. In addition, it reverses multi-drug resistance of human myelogenous leukemia.
References Takagi, R. et al.: Int. J. Inflamm., 571508, 9 (2014); Xu, X. et al.: Biochem. Pharm., 92, 220 (2014);

Applications Methyl Stearate is used as a nonionic surfactant in various experiments in helping solubilize a variety of chemical species by dissociating aggregates and unfolding proteins.
References Abidin, S.Z., et al.: Industrial. Engineering. Chem. Rsch., 51, 14653 (2012);

Applications Disecoctyl phthalate (cas# 131-15-7) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Diisopropyl Phthalate, is a volatile components present in essential oils of various plants. It can also be used in the synthesis of enantioenriched C2-symmetric molecules.
References Mahatheeranont, S., et al.: Kasetsart Journal: Natural Sci., 29 (4), 508 (1995); Kurashov, E. A., et al.: Rastitel'nye Resursy, 49 (1), 85 (2013); Castaldi, M. P., et al.: Euro. J. Org. Chem., 8, 1867 (2006);

Applications Lactitol Monohydrate is the hydrated form of Lactitol(L113550). Lactitol is listed as an excipient in some prescription drugs, such as Adderall. Lactitol is a sugar alcohol used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods. It is also used medically as a laxative.
References Bolhuis, G., et al.: Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 35, 671 (2009); Toda, Y.: New Food Ind., 33, 21 (1991); Egger, B., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 37, 205 (1989);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Chicoric Acid is an effective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase and the replication in tissues. Also a class of cannabinomimetics with CB2 receptor-dependent and independent
References King, P. et al.: J. Virol., 72, 8420 (1998); Raduner, S. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 14192 (2006);

Applications Labelled analogue of Dicyclohexyl Phthalate, a phthalate ester used as a plasticizer as well as being present in cosmetic products. Dicyclohexyl Phthalate that is a weak drug-type inducer of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism.
References Lake, B.G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 51, 217 (1982); Tsutsumi, N. et al.: Optic. Mat., 29, 435 (2006);

Applications Dulcin is a non-nutritive sweetener. Dulcin is a sweet analgesic for use in medical procedures or treatments.
References Toropov, A.A., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem.,В 45,В 3581 (2010),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Thiamine Pyrophosphate is a thiamine (T344185) derivative produced by enzyme thiamine pyrophosphatase. Thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor used to catalyze various biochemical reactions.
References Andrews, F.H. et al.: Biochem., 52, 3028 (2013); Mueller, C.R., et al.: Org. Biomolec. Chem., 11, 2000 (2013); Haag, N., et al.: J. Neurosci., 32, 17842 (2012); Nemeria, N., et al.: Biochem., 51, 7940 (2012);

Applications 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-dimethylphenol) is used in thermosetting resin composition for the industrial manufacture of metal-clad laminates and printed circuit boards.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References You, J., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing. 19 pp. (2019)

Applications 3-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-(3-methylbutyl)-oxazolidine is a oxazolidine-based moisture scavenger for use in urethane coatings, sealants and elastomers.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications 1,3-Diethyl-1,3-diphenylurea is a gunshot residue and a stabilizer for smokeless powder.
References Betz, R., et al.: Acta. Crystallogr. Sect. E. Struct. Rep., 1, 827 (2011); Perez, J.J., et al.: Anal. Chem., 85, 296 (2013);

Applications Tert-butyl Acetate is a common solvent used in the production of various industrial cleansers, thinners and adhesives and is also known as a VOC.Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Mackay, D., et al.: SAR. QSAR. Enviro. Res., 23, 205 (2012); Yang, Y.S., et al.: Toxicol. Res., 26, 293 (2010);

Applications Dehydroabietic Acid is a resin acid found commonly in rosin. Dehydroabietic Acid is used in rosin-type nucleating agent for polypropylene (PP). Dehydroabietic Acid is used commonly in the synthesis of surfactants, antioxidants and chiral catalysts.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Stricker, J.: Plaste Kautsch., 16, 481 (1969); Cui, G. et al.: Jing. Yu Zhuan. Huax., 14, 6 (2006); Wang, H. et al.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 89, 2137 (2003);

Applications A natural constituent of green tea. It is an antioxidant and a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. An epimer of (-)-Gallocatechin (G188990).
References Kalaivani, M. et al.: J. Pharm. Res., 3, 2901 (2010); Letchoumy, P.V. et al.: Arch. Med. Sci., 3, 330 (2007); Zhu, N. et al.: J. Food Lipids, 7, 275 (2000);

Applications Tetrachloroethylene is a common industrial solvent that is often found as a contaminant in groundwater. Tetrachloroethylene is also a suspected carcinogen to humans and is difficult to degrade biologically as it has no natural source. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Fathepure, B. & Boyd, S.: Appl Environ. Microb., 54, 2976 (1988); Ryoo, D., et al.: Nat. Biotech., 18, 775 (2000); Vogel, T. & McCarty, P.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 49, 1080 (1985)

Applications Bisphenol Z is one of the many derivatives of Bisphenol A (B519495) that can be used as HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) inhibitors, antitumor agents, angiogenesis inhibitors, and antihypoxic agents.
References Imaoka, S., Bisphenol A derivatives as HIF inhibitors. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 2011195574 A 20111006. Oct 6, 2011;

Applications A water-soluble vitamin B, incorporated within nicotinamide cofactors such as NADH and NADPH.
References Sharma, M., et al.: J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2, 416 (2010), Al-Nadaf, A., et al.: Bioorg. Medi. Chem., 18, 3088 (2010),

Applications Trioctyl Trimellitate is a plasticizer that was evaluated for endocrine disrupting activities through estrogen receptor alpha binding assay.
References Ito, R., et al.: Int. J. Pharma., 360, 91 (2008); Ohashi, A., et al.: J. Artific. Organs., 8, 252 (2005);

Applications Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Sulfone is commonly used as a reactant in epoxy reactions and is also used as a latent thermal catalyst for epoxy resin.
References Fu, J.W., et al.: Adv. Mat. Rsch., 266, 1022 (2011); Li, J.X., et al.: Polymers. Adv. Tech., 23, 803 (2012);

Applications Labelled Bisphenol A (B519495). A monomer used for policarbonate and epoxy resins; exhibits estrogenic activity.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993), Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998), Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003),

Applications Plastic additive 21 is a plasticizer; used in preparation of natural mineral modified degradable polymer flame-retardant composite material.
References Xu, H., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, (2021);

Applications Tropinone is an oxidative product of Tropane, used to synthesize Morphine and Tropane alkaloids.
References Schmitt, K., et al.: J. Neurochem., 115, 296 (2010), Kok, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 4499 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),

Applications Cyclopiazonic Acid is an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications A toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin detected in domestic meat and poultry.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Feil, V., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 6163 (2000), Huwe, J., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 21, 182 (2004), Llobet, J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 178, 117 (2008),

Applications A phthalate metabolite with genotoxic effect. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).
References Reyes, F., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 74 (1973), Engel, S., et al.: Neurotoxicology, 30, 522 (2009),

Applications Caftaric Acid is used in cancer therapy as an anticancer drug. Affecting the up regulation or down regulation of drug transporters or cytochrome p450 enzymes. Also provides antioxidant effects, found in wines.
References Mooiman, K. et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 41, 1494 (2013); Cejudo-Bastante, M. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 58, 11483 (2010);

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications (s)-(-)-5-hydroxymethyl-2(5h)-furanone (cas# 78508-96-0) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Antioxidant 24 is used in the synthesis of composites to support polymer films, such as polypropylene and polyethylene film materials.
References del Teso Sanchez, K. et al.: Polym. Degrad. Stab., 113, 32 (2015); Pantani, R. et al.: Eur. Polym. J., 49, 3471 (2013);

Applications Isotope labelled 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is a material used in the manufacturing of thermoelectric material including carbon nanotubes. It was primarily used as a solvent however due to toxicity it is no longer a viable compound.
References Basu, D. et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. A. Tox. Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 47, 638 (2012);

Applications N-Vanillylnonanamide is a synthetic analogue of Capsaicin (175680) with similar bioactivity.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Turgut, C., et al.: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 11, 7 (2003), Xu, Q., et al.: Environ. Toxicol., 20, 467 (2005),

Applications Dibenzyl Phthalate is an plasticizer used in toys that was found to exhibit potential estrogen agonist/ antagonist properties.
References Zhang, Z.B., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 207, 7 (2011); Mentlein, R., et al.: BIochem. Pharma., 38, 3126 (1989);

Applications n-Butyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate-2,3,5,6-d4 is the labelled analogue of butyl 4-​hydroxybenzoate (B693600), which is an antimicrobial agent used in cosmetic products.
References Gilliland, D., et al.: J. Appl. Bacteriol., 72, 258 (1992), Routledge, E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 153, 12 (1998), Miller, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 32824 (1997), Nakagawa, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1907 (1998),

Applications Tetrabromoethane (CAS# 79-27-6) is a useful research chemical compound.

Applications Amyl Phthalate, is a Phthalate esters (PEs) acting as a plasticizer compounds that are widely used for many consumer product applications. It is also known to induce male fetal endocrine toxicity and postnatal reproductive malformations by disrupting androgen production during the sexual differentiation period of development.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bethany, R. H., et al.: Toxicological Sci., 120 (1), 184 (2011); Environmental Health Perspectives, 105 Suppl 1, 255 (1997);

Applications Elaidic Acid Methyl Ester is an intermediate used to prepare ±)-trans-9,10-Epoxystearic Acid Methyl Ester.
References Tavasli, M., et al.: Chem. Commun., 1226 (2002)

Applications 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine (CAS# 15707-23-0) is a useful research chemical compound.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Novel application of glucosamine to prepare medical agent for treating vertigo. Found in chitin, in mucoproteins, and in mucopolysaccharides. Antiarthritic. Recent studies show that its chondroprotective activity is related to its antiapoptic properties.
References Zupanets, I.A. et al.: Klin. Farmat., 15, 67 (2011); Vajarudal, Y., et al.: Clin. Ther., 3, 336 (1981); Setnikar, I., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 36, 729 (1986);

Applications 2-Methyl-Pentanoic acid is a useful building block for organic synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications L-Alanyl-L-glutamine is a stable synthetic glutamine dipeptide. This dipeptide is used as an alternative source of amino acids in cell culture medium.
References Imamoto, Y., et al.: cytotechnology 65, 135 (2013)

Applications D-Fructose occurs naturally in a large number of fruits, honey, and plants. High intake and consumption of fructose has been hypothesized to increase occurrence of diabetes and insulin resistance.
References Elliott S. et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 76, 911 (2002); Isganaitis E. et al.: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 25, 2451 (2006);

Applications 2-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole shows insecticidal activity.
References Newberne, P., et al.: Food Technol., 54, 66 (2000), Passone, M., et al.: Food Control, 19, 364 (2008),

Applications 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone (cas# 131-54-4) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Thiamine is a essential nutrient required for carbohydrate metabolism; also involved in nerve function. Biosynthesized by microorganisms and plants. Dietary sources include whole grains, meat products, vegetables, milk, legumes and fruit. Also present in rice husks and yeast. Converted in vivo to Thiamine diphosphate, a coenzyme in the decarboxylation of α-keto acids. Chronic deficiency may lead to neurological impairment, bariberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
References Kawaski, T., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 122, 15 (1986), Mascher, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 82, 56 (1993),

Applications Rosmarinic Acid is a phenolic component of rosemary with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Rosmarinic Acid has been shown to inhibit againts peroxidative damage to biomembranes. Rosmarinic Acid also suppresses endotoxin-induced activation of complement and concomitant prostacyclin biosynthesis. Rosmarinic Acid inhibits the free-radical chain reaction that leads to the oxidatin of fats and oils in foods, thereby stablilzing and increasing the shelf life of meats.Rosmarinic Acid has been found to bind to a known quorum-sensing regulator protein used by the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
References Liu, G. et al.: Biochem. Pjharmacol., 34, 147 (192); Rampart, M. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 1397 (1986); Bult, H. et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 84, 317 (1985); Chem. and Eng. News Feb. 10, 2014 p. 13; Chem. and Eng. News Jan. 11, 2016 p. 26

Applications Crotonic Acid is found in water extracts from carrot seeds (Daucus carota L.) and is shown to have strong herbicidal properties.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Jasicka-Misiak, I., et al.: Phytochemistry, 66, 1485 (2005)

Applications 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid hexadecyl ester

Applications Methyl Octanoate is a volatile organic compound found in many food substances.
References Zhang, Y.L., et. al.: J. Hortic. Sci. Biotech., 88, 320 (2013); Samykanno, K., et. al.: Food Chem., 141, 1997 (2013)

Applications 2-Acetylthiophene is used in the synthesis of organoboranes as well as chalcone derivatives as anti-inflammatories.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Ko, H. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 11, 105 (2003); Brown, H. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 1539 (1988);

Applications Bisphenol E-13C6 is an isotope labelled analog of Bisphenol E-13C6. Bisphenol E is a derivative of Bisphenol A (B519495) which is a monomer used for policarbonate and epoxy resins.
References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003)

Applications cis-1,3-Dichloropropene (CAS# 10061-01-5) is a useful research chemical compound.

Applications Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Terephthalate is a plasticizer for poly(vinyl chlorides) and a metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) which has been found not to be genotoxic.
References Reichherzer, R.: Mitt. Chem. Forsch. Wirt. Oesterr., 11, 5 (1957); Barber, E.D.: Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 23, 234 (1994)

Applications Dicyclohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester used as a plasticizer as well as being present in cosmetic products. Dicyclohexyl Phthalate that is a weak drug-type inducer of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism.
References Lake, B.G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 51, 217 (1982); Tsutsumi, N. et al.: Optic. Mat., 29, 435 (2006);

Applications 2-Hydroxycinnamic Acid (cas# 614-60-8) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Sodium 2,2'-Methylene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate is an organophosphate nucleating agent.
References Li, J., et al.: Suliao, 43, 47-50 (2014);

Applications 1,2,5,6-Tetrachloronaphthalene is a polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) with dioxin-like toxic properties. It can induce different biochemical changes by activating cellular aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).
References Olivero-Verbel, J., et al.: J. Mol. Struc-Theochem., 678, 157 (2004)

Applications Essential aminoacid for human development. Hepatoprotectant; antidote (acetominophen poisoning); urinary acidifier.
References Benevenga, N.J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 22, 2 (1974), Fleisher, L.D., et al.: Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 3, 37 (1974), Meinnel, T., et al.: Biochimie, 75, 1061 (1993),

Applications New lipids in food protein hydrolyzates.

Applications Contained in tobacco flavor additives.
References Tsuchida, H., et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 40, 921 (1976),

Applications A potential nitrification inhibitor of urea fertilizer in agricultural soils.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs)
References Pillard, D., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 14, 311 (1995), Call, H., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 53, 163 (1997), McCarty, G., et al.: Biol. Fertil. Soils, 29, 1 (1999),

Applications Bis(2-butoxyethyl) Phthalate can be used as a plasticizer.
References Song, J., et al.: Suliao Keji, 41, 80 (2013); Bloom, P., et al.: J. Chromat., 72, 35 (1972)

Applications A toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from Crotalaria spp. It is used for inducing pulmonary diseases in rats.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Newberne, P.M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 387 (1971), Bober, M.A., et al.: Toxicon, 27, 1059 (1989), Wilson, D.W., et al.: Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 22, 307 (1992),

Applications A derivatized of AMOZ (A634600), a metabolite of Nitrofuran.Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants; Heat processing contaminants
References Vroomen, L., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 95, 53 (1988), Delatour, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 6371 (2003), Stadler, R., et al.: Analyst, 129, 276 (2004),

Applications Diagnostic determination of Melamine and related compounds in kidney tissue.
References Mast, R., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 21, 807 (1983), Yokley, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 3352 (2000), Ehling, S., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 24, 1319 (2007), Vail, T., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 31, 304 (2007),

Applications Decanoic acid is used in manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes.
References Oro, L., et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 18, 141 (1961),

Applications An impurity of oxaliplatin which is a coordination complex that is used in cancer chemotherapy.A reducing agent and its conjugate base, known as oxalate (C2O42−), is a useful chelating agent for metal cations.
References Wheate, N., et al.: Dalton Trans., 39, 8113 (2010),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Vitamin D2 is the synthetic form of Vitamin D. Prepared from Ergosterol (E599240) by UV irradiation in a suitable solvent. Commercial solutions are usually made with propylene glycol or sesame oil. Antirachitic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Knudson, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 124, 287 (1938), Huber, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 149, 125 (1943), Crowfoot, D., et al.: Nature, 162, 608 (1948), Suda, et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 35, 182 (1969),

Applications A low-calorie artificial sweetener
References Agresti, C., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 70, 226 (2008), Kidd, M., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 295, G260 (2008),