Amino Acids (AA)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 3-Chloro-L-tyrosine was used in the enzymatic synthesis of halogen derivatives of aromatic amino acids labeled with hydrogen isotope. 3-Chloro-L-tyrosine exhibited stronger antioxidant properties in Hb-induced oxidative stress as was evident by higher efficiency of reduction of ferryl species.
References Winnicka, E., et al.: J. Chem. Eng., 8, 54 (2014); Lu, N., et al.: Toxicol. In Vitro, 28, 847 (2014);

Applications Bisphenol B Mono-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of Bisphenol B (B519565), which is the analogue of Bisphenol A (B519495), that is used to make certain plastic an epoxy resins. BPA and its analogs, are also shown to activate human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor that functions as a master regulator of xenobiotic metabolism.
References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003); Yipeng, S., et al.: Env Hea. Pers., 120, 399 (2012);

Applications cis-Propenylphosphonic Acid (R)-(+)-α-Methylbenzylamine Salt is used as a reagent in the microbial production of Fosfomycin (F727505); a compound used as an antibiotic in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
References Watanabe, M., et al.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 65, 1036 (1999); Itoh, N., et al.: Appl. Microbiol. Biot., 43, 394 (1995); White, R.F., et al.: Appl. Microbiol., 22, 55 (1971); Keating, G. et al.: Drugs, 73, 1951 (2013); Demir, T. et al.: Int. J. Infect. Dis., 17, e966 (2013)

Applications 8-Nitroguanine as a potential biomarker for progression of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, a model of inflammation-related cancer.
References Surh, Y., et al.: Mutat. Res., 480, 243 (2001), Balkwill, F., et al.: Lancet, 357, 539 (2001), Kawanishi, S., et al.: Biol. Chem., 387, 365 (2006), Hoki, Y., et al.: Cancer Sci., 98, 163 (2007),

Applications 4-(1-Methylethyl)benzoic Acid is used in the synthesis of quinuclidine benzamides as agonists for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Also used in the synthesis of nifuroxazide analogues showing antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus.
References Bodnar, A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 905 (2005); Masunari, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 4229 (2007);

Applications Dl-lysine monohydrate

Applications 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone-d12 (CAS# 114253-85-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications N-Acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine Ammonium Salt is a metabolite of Acrylonitrile (AN) and acrylamide (AM); and are commonly used in the synthesis of plastics and polymers.
References van Bladeren, P., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 9, 246 (1981), Guengerich, F., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 4, 168 (1991),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 1-(2-Methoxyphenyl)piperazine Hydrobromide is a useful reagent for improving the synthesis of Eapidil.
References Wang, H., et al.: Anhui Huagong, 37, 23 (2011)

Applications 5-Methylcytosine (cas# 554-01-8) is a useful research chemical.

Applications L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine is an impurity of Thiamine (T344185). Thiamine Impurity B.
References Aluwihare, L., et al.: Science, 308, 1007 (2005), Koch, B., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 1758 (2007), Reemtsma, T., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 1430 (2008),

Applications 4-Methylenepiperidine Hydrochloride is a building block that can be coupled with aryl halides via Suzuki cross-coupling to give benzyl piperidines and related compounds.
References Vice, S., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 66, 2487 (2001);

Applications 4-Methylcyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Methyl Ester is the methyl ester derivative of 4-Methyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid (M299530) and is used as a starting material in many organic reactions.
References Fedyanin, N. P., et al.: J. Appl. Chem-USSR+, 51, 375 (1978)

Stability Air Sensitive
Applications N-Acetyl-D-cysteine is an isomer of N-Acetyl Cysteine which can act as a radioprotectant against many aspects of oxidative damage due to high dose irradiation.
References Neal, R., et al.: Free Radic. Biol. Med, 34, 689-695 (2003)

Applications 2-Deoxy-2-chloro-D-glucose is a D-Glucose (G595000) derivative used in the synthesis of sugar nucleotides and oligosaccharides.
References Herr, D., et al.: Euro. J. App. Microbiol., 1, 41 (1975);

Applications D-Tyrosine, the stereoisomer to L-Tyrosine (T899975), is an amino acid used in various organic syntheses for antibiotics. It is used in the synthesis of (-)-anisomycin, as well as BATSI (boronic acid transition state inhibitors) which act on β-lactamases. It has also been studied as an inhibitor of microbial growth on surfaces, reducing microbial attachment to hydrophillic glass and hydrophobic polypropylene surfaces.
References Li, Ji. et al.: Chin. Chem. Lett., 23, 647 (2012); Xu, H. et al.: Water Res., 45, 5796 (2011); Ke, W. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 55, 174 (2011);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Used in the manufacturing of L-tryptophan by enzymic reaction.
References Franke, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 6997 (2005), Fox, T., et al.: Curr. Top Med. Chem., 6, 1579 (2006),

Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid. L-Phenylalanine is biologically converted into L-tyrosine, another one of the DNA-encoded amino acids, which in turn is converted to L-DOPA and further converted into dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. L-Phenylalanine is produced for medical, feed, and nutritional applications such as in the preparation of Aspartame.
References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);

Applications L-Asparagine-d3 Hydrate is an isotope labelled L-Asparagine Hydrate, a naturally occurring amino acid that is not a essential for humans and can be synthesized from central metabolic pathway intermediates.
References Burda, P., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1426, 239 (1999); Yamane, H., et al.: Animal. Sci. J., 80, 286 (2009);

Applications 3-Hydroxy-3-methylpentane-1,5-dioic Acid (cas# 503-49-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1-pentanol is a volatile chemical that can be used to diagnose ratoon stunting disease in Sugar cane.
References Berna, A. Z., et al.: Pro. of the Conf. of the Austr. Soc. of Sugar Cane Tech., 37th, 150-157 (2015)

Applications Isotope labelled N-Isovalerylglycine is a useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of many organic acidemias and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation defects. N-Isovalerylglycine is found in the urine of patients with isovaleric acidemia, an inborn error of leucine metabolism.
References Tanaka, K. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 242, 2966 (1967); Bonafe, L. et al.: Mol. Gen. Metab., 69, 311 (2000);

Applications E677525
References Shimizu, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 313 (2005)

Applications Used in the preparation of medicinal and herbicidal agents.
References Cronin, J., et al.: Science, 275, 951 (1997), Podlech, J., et al.: Cell Mol. Life. Sci., 58, 44 (2001), Lee, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 46649 (2003),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Chlorobutanol is used as a preservative and sedative. It has also been shown to exhibit antibacterial properties.
References Dutta, T., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., 22, (2020); Ibibia, E., et al.: Asian. J. Pharm. Clin. Res., 9, 179-182 (2016)

Applications An acylglycine present in urniary excretion that can be analyzed and be used as diagnostic tool for metabolic disorders, complementary to organic acids and acylcarnitine profiles.
References Bonafe, L. et al.: Mol. Genetics Metab., 69, 302 (2000);

Applications A compound contents in musts and wines from Vitis vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon.
References Murray, K., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 26, 973 (1975), Maga, J., et al.: Food Rev. Int., 8, 479 (1992), Allen, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 769 (1995),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A labelled metabolite of Acrylonitrile (ACN).
References Guengerich, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 41, 4925 (1981), Leonard, A., et al.: Mutation Res., 436, 263 (1999), Stadler, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5550 (2004), Dybing, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 43, 365 (2005), Rice, J., et al.: Mutation Res., 580, 3 (2005),

Applications Labelled analogue of L-Vailne. L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.
References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);

Impurity Methotrexate EP Impurity K
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Major metabolite of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid
References Ng, X., et al.: Food Chem., 110, 1000 (2008), Ng, X., et al.: Food Chem., 106, 200 (2007), Verlinde, P., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 6803 (2009), Gutzeit, D., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 391, 211 (2008),