Enzyme Substrates

<p>Modified naphtol AS substrate used in histochemical and cytochemical staining</p>

<p>4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase&Tab;. Upon hydrolysis, the fluorogenic moiety (blueish) 4-trifluoromethylumbelliferone (also known as TFMU) is released. 4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside is commonly used in bacterial detection and in LacZ gene expression assays.</p>

<p>Sensitive fluorogenic substrate for fluorometric and UV-spectrophotometric assays of phosphatases. This may also be used for in-gel assays</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl nonanoate is a fluorogenic substrate for lipase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl nonanoateas a substrate for measuring the lipase activity is used for the detection of lipase deficiency that could lead to pancreatic insufficiency.</p>

<p>Luc-S.aureus K is an enzyme conjugate containing luciferase and a specific antibody against Staphylococcus aureus. It is used for detection of S.aureus in laboratory cultures, food, and environmental samples. The light produced by this product is proportional to the amount of bacteria present in the sample. This product can be used as a chemiluminescent substrate for detecting alkaline phosphatase activity or as a fluoro-luminescent substrate for detecting beta-galactosidase activity. Luc-S.aureus K has high purity and high quality, with 100% specific binding affinity for S.aureus and no cross reactivity with other bacteria or host cells, making it suitable for use in diagnostic applications.</p>

<p>For detection of beta-galactosidase activity. <br>The colors of the chromogen can be adjusted by incorporating different functional groups, e.g. cyano or nitro group, which yields purple or black green colonies with beta-galactosidase positive strain.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl O-(N-acetyl-a-neuraminosyl)-(2,3)-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1,3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyran oxide is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of glycosidases. It has been shown to be an excellent ligand for the enzyme beta galactosidase, which cleaves the glycan substrate 4NPOBGPA into 4NP and O-(N acetyl) neuraminic acid. 4NPOBGPA can be used as a chromogenic substrate for detecting beta galactosidase activity and can also be conjugated to other fluorescent molecules. This product is high purity and high quality.</p>

<p>Histochemical substrate for esterase</p>

<p>4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase. It is used in the detection of beta-galactosidase activity in cell lysates and culture media, as well as in food testing. This compound has been shown to be highly pure, with a purity greater than 98%. 4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside has also been shown to have high chemiluminescence, making it an ideal candidate for use in diagnostics.</p>

<p>A substrate for alkaline phosphatase yielding a blue insoluble product upon cleavage. Colour can be further enhanced when used together with Nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and has functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs, microarray and immunohistochemistry. The micronized structure enhances solubility.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic cellulose analogue</p>

<p>Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase. Used for imaging the expression of the LUC marker gene and luciferase-fusion conjugates in living cells, tissues and organisms. Extensively utilized in reporter gene assays, immunoassays and hygiene monitoring.</p>

<p>Bioluminescent substrate for luciferase</p>

<p>6-Chloro-3-indoxyl caprylate is a high quality, enzyme substrate, chromogenic substrate, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence ligand, staining and diagnostics reagent. It has CAS No. 159954-35-5 and is used in food testing, culture media and environmental testing. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl caprylate is also a fluorogenic substrate that is used for high purity applications such as conjugation with other molecules.</p>

<p>FLsharp™ - Phosphate, disodium salt is a fluorogenic water-soluble substrate for phosphatase enzymes. Its chemical name is 6-Chloro-2-[5-chloro-2-(phosphonooxy)phenyl]-4(1H)-quinazolinone disodium salt and was developed by Molecular Probes in the 1990s. After cleavage of the substrate by phosphatase activity, an insoluble product is formed that is highly fluorescent in the solid state. Upon UV irradiation this very stable fluorophore emits green light in the 530 nm range for an extended period of time. FLsharp™ is a unique substrate - optimized for the detection of phosphatase activity in solid matrices such as agar media, tissue sections or microscopic preparations. FLsharp™ - Phosphate, disodium salt is used in microbiology as a substrate for bacterial phosphatases.</p>

<p>Chromogenic β-xylosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>Selenium analogue of firefly luciferin with red-shifted bioluminescence</p>

<p>Calcium 2-naphthylphosphate, which is the calcim salt of 2-naphthylphosphate, is a chromogenic substrate to measure alkaline phosphatase activity. After enzymatic cleavage, the product yielded (2-naphthol) generates a red-colored complex upon reaction with a diazonium salt like Fast Blue RR or Fast Garnet GBC.</p>

<p>Chromogenic beta-Glucosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-L-fucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in food testing. It also has uses as a chromogenic substrate and a ligand for biological studies. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-L-fucopyranoside is a conjugate of 4-methylumbelliferone and beta-D-fucopyranosyl ester, which is an enzyme substrate for the detection of phosphatases. This product can be used to detect the activity of phosphatase enzymes in various media, including culture media, environmental testing, and staining. 4MUFBPY also has chemiluminescent properties that can be used for bioluminescence assays.</p>

<p>Chromogenic β-glucuronidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage. Used to detect E. coli contamination in food and drinking water due to their β-glucuronidase activity.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to assay the activity of enzymes that cleave N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminide, such as chitinases and lysozymes. Upon cleavage by the enzyme of interest, the substrate releases a yellow-colored 2-nitrophenol that can be measured spectrophotometrically. This substrate is widely used in the food industry to monitor the activity of lysozyme in cheese, as well as in biomedical research for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in conditions such as inflammation and cancer.</p>

<p>A sensitive fluorogenic substrate for fluorometric and UV-spectrophotometric assays of phosphatases. It is used for the detection of C. perfringens because acid phosphatase is a highly specific indicator for C. perfringens.</p>

<p>Luc-phosphate Na enhanced is a bioluminescent substrate used to detect phosphatase activity in bacterial assays.</p>

<p>Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase.</p>

<p>L-Alanine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin hydrochloride is a synthetic peptide substrate used as a fluorogenic substrate for alanine aminopeptidase.</p>

<p>Resorufin β-D-galactopyranoside is a non-fluorescent compound and is orange-yellow in color. It is hydrolyzed by the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-Gal) to yield fluorescent resorufin.</p>

<p>Dehydroluciferin is a synthetic analogue of luciferin, which is naturally found in fireflies. It has a high resistance to degradation by the target enzymes and is used as a substrate in chemiluminescent assays. Dehydroluciferin reacts with luciferase to produce light that can be measured using a photomultiplier tube. The light emission is proportional to the amount of enzyme activity present in the sample and may be used to determine the presence of specific enzymes in test samples. This compound also reacts with disulfide bonds, which are found in proteins, such as cytochrome P450, that are involved in metabolism.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase and lipase. 2-naphthol is released upon hydrolyzation. By simultaneous coupling with a diazonium salt, the corresponding azo-dye is formed. Naphthols can also be detected by fluorescence analysis. Used in an colorimetric assay for the extracellular lipase of Pseudomonas fluorescens B52.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl 4-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-L-fucosidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl 4-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranosideas a substrate for measuring the alpha-L-fucosidase activity is used for fucosidosis diagnosis and in screening studies of glycoprotein metabolism disorders.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-maltopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alpha-glucosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-maltopyranoside is used in Pompe disease screening and glycogen storage disorder diagnosis.</p>

<p>Esculetin-7-beta-D-galactopyranoside, also known as 6,7-Dihydroxycoumaryl-7-beta-D-galactopyranoside, is a fluorogenic substrate used in the detection of beta-galactosidase activity. This coumarin derivative, when hydrolyzed, yields esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) which, in the presence of iron salts, forms a brown-black complex.</p>

<p>6-Bromo-2-naphthyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used for the detection of chitinase activity. Upon hydrolysis by chitinase, it releases a yellow-brown color, which is easily detected by spectrophotometry. This substrate has been used to study chitinases in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and insects. It can also be used to quantitate chitinase activity in various biological samples.</p>

<p>Aldol 458 nonanoate is a high quality, chromogenic and fluorogenic substrate for use in enzymatic, chemiluminescent, and immunochemical reactions. Aldol 458 nonanoate is used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of glucose oxidase activity in culture media and as a fluorogenic substrate for the detection of glucose oxidase activity in environmental testing. This product has CAS number 2484872-52-6.</p>

<p>Resorufin b-D-cellobioside is a fluorogenic substrate for measurement of cellulase activity. The product of enzyme reaction, resorufin, exhibits fluorescence emission at 585 nm with excitation at 571 nm at or near physiological pH values.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)umbelliferyl b-D-cellotrioside is a fluorogenic substrate for cellulases and beta-glucosidases. After hydrolisis, the fluorophore TFMU is released generating a blue fluorescence.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside is a fluorescent substrate that is used in the detection of enzyme activity. It is a yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of 132°C and an optical rotation of +27°. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside can be used as a conjugate for fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or bioluminescence detection of enzymes such as β-galactosidase, phosphatases, esterases, and peroxidases. It is also used to stain cells and tissues for microscopic analysis. This product has been tested for its effects on the environment and found to have little potential for harm to the environment. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside has been shown to be high purity with no significant impurities detected in testing. The chemical has shown high quality characteristics in</p>

<p>N-Methylindoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside monohydrate (MG) is a chromogenic probe that interacts with galactose residues found on glycoproteins, which are found on cell surfaces, leading to activation of cells. MG also binds specifically to the surface of lung cells and can inhibit the development of certain types of infections..</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, dilithium salt hydrate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, dilithium salt hydrate is used in ELISA and molecular biology assays such as lacZ reporter systems.</p>

<p>2-Naphthyl butyrate is used as a chromogenic substrate in hematological studies via measuring esterase activity. This type of assays are important as it can help in distinguishing acute leukemias with monocytic or granulocytic differentiation. After hydrolysis of 2-naphthyl butyrate by the esterase (for example acylase), b-napthol is released that can be quantified spectrophotometrically (Exc 320 nm; Em 410 nm).</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl sulfate potassium salt is a chromogenic substrate for arylsulfatase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl sulfate potassium salt is used in different applications such as the Metachromatic leukodystrophy diagnosis, sulfatase activity assays</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about BCM® Staphylococcus aureus Plating medium including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate used in enzyme assays. It is a substrate of the enzyme beta-galactosidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal galactose residues from polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The fluorescent product 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) is formed by cleavage of the terminal galactose residue and can be measured spectrophotometrically at 360 nm. 4-Methylumbelliferone has been used for chemiluminescent detection in immunoassays and as a substrate for bioluminescence reactions.</p>

<p>Aldol® 470 butyrate, a chromogenic substrate manufactured by Cymit Quimica and used for enzymatic assays that produces a yellow-orange color upon enzymatic cleavage.</p>

<p>A non-metabolizable allolactose analogue, widely used in molecular biology for overexpression of recombinant proteins from inducible systems under the control of lac promoter. IPTG binds to the LacI repressor and causes its release from the lac operator, allowing gene expression to take place. Present in vectors of pGEX, pGEM-T, pET, pRSET, pMAL class and others.</p>

<p>3-(4,4-Difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-propionamido)propyl b -D -lactoside (FDPBP) is a substrate for alkaline phosphatase. It reacts with the enzyme to produce a blue color. FDPBP is used in diagnostic applications such as food testing and bioluminescence.</p>

<p>Sensitive fluorogenic substrate for fluorometric and UV-spectrophotometric assays of phosphatases. This may also be used for in-gel assays</p>

<p>Caspases are a family of protease enzymes playing essential roles in programmed cell death and inflammation. The acronym caspase stands for Cysteine Aspartic Acid Specific Protease due to their specific cleavage of an aspartic acid residue, by mean of a cysteine in the catalytic site of the enzyme._x000D_About 11 or 12 different caspases are known in humans and 10 in mice, participating in numerous different cellular functions. Caspase deficiency, for example, has been identified as a cause of tumor development, while over-activation of some caspases such as caspase-3 can lead to excessive apoptosis that can be observed in several neurodegenerative diseases. Caspases cleave proteins at specific peptide recognition sequences. Ac-DEVD-6-Amino-D-Luciferin (Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-6-Amino-D-Luciferin, Cat.No_x000D_L-8282) is a synthetic chemiluminescent peptide for the determination of caspase-3 and caspase-7activity.</p>

<p>Luc-S.aureus K is a fluoro-ligand that is used as a diagnostic to detect and quantify the activity of S.aureus in any given sample. It is a detection substrate for the enzyme β-galactosidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the luciferin. When luciferin is cleaved by β-galactosidase, it emits light that can be detected using a luminometer to measure the amount of light produced and calculate the quantity of bacteria present in the sample. Luc-S.aureus K has been approved for use as a detector for bioluminescence in food testing, environmental testing, and other diagnostic applications.</p>