Antibióticos naturales y semisintéticos

<p>Applications A selective HIV protease inhibitor. An analogue of Ritonavir.<br>References Adkins, J.C., et al.: Drugs, 55, 837 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-[(2R)-3-[[3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]amino]-2-hydroxypropyl]acetamide is an impurity of Linezolid (L466500).<br>References Gregory, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 32, 1673 (1989), Shinabarger, D., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41, 2132 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Anidulafungin Open-chain Degradant is an impurity of Anidulafungin (A673000) which is used as an antifungal drug.<br>References Denning, D. W., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother, 40, 611 (1997); Vazquez, J. A., et al.: Clin. Ther., 27(6), 657 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Mupirocin, is a major component of the pseudomonic acid, an antibiotic complex produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 10586. Topical antibacterial.<br>References Hughes, J., et al.: J. Antibiot., 31, 330 (1978), Ward, A., et al.: Drugs, 32, 425 (1986), Casewell, M.W., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 19, 1 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Demethyl Rifampicin is a metabolite of Rifampicin (R508000).<br>References Marsili, L., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 1209 (1984), Nikaido, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 37, 1393 (1993), Piddock, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 45, 159 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Terbinafine is used to treat infections caused by a fungus.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Cephalosporin 87/359 is an impurity of Cefoxitin (C243190). Cefoxitin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic derived from Cephamycin C, possessing high resistance to β-lactamase inactivation. An antibacterial.<br>References Wallick, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 5, 25 (1974), Brenner, G.S., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 169 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Gatifloxacin USP Related Compound A<br>Applications O-Desmethyl Gatifloxacin is a Gatifloxacin impurity.<br>References Naber, C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 45, 293 (2001), Herzler, M., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 27, 233 (2003), Li, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 35, 1101 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications The major glucuronide metabolite of Chloramphenicol (C325030).<br>References Simons, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 22, 1267 (1992), Kaji, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 60 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Broad spectrum antibiotic obtained from cultures of the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial; antirickettsial.<br>References Bartz, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., et al.: 172, 445 (1948), Gottlieb, et al.: J. Bacteriol., 55, 409 (1948), Szulczewski, D., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 47 (1975), Price, A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 118 (1981), Shalit, I., et al.: Drugs, 28, 281 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Ceftazidime Pentahydrate is a cephalosporin antibiotic with activity against gram-negative bacilli and may be used to study infectious diseases.</p>

<p>Impurity Terbinafine EP Impurity C<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N-[(2E)-6,6-Dimethyl-2-hepten-4-yn-1-yl]-N-methyl-2-naphthalenemethanamine Hydrochloride (Terbinafine EP Impurity C<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984); Ryder, N.S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 27, 252 (1985); Evans, E.G.V., et al.: Br. Med. J., 318, 1031 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of Lumefantrine.<br>References Washburn, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 17, 676 (1974), Nakamura, H., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 2190 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A phosphocholine ester metabolite of the immunosuppressant macrolide SDZ RAD (also known as Everolimus E945400) which is an analog of the parent drug Rapamycin (R124000).<br>References Zollinger, M. et al.: Drug. Metab. Disp., 36, 1457 (2008); Kovarik, J. M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 48 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefalotin EP Impurity B<br>Applications Deacetylcephalothin (Cefalotin EP Impurity B) is an intermediate and the free acid analogue of Deacetylcephalothin Sodium Salt (D198210), which is an impurity in the synthesis of Cefalonium (C236800) and an analog of Cephalothin (C261150) a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used as a long-acting intramammary cerate for infusion of dairy cows.<br>References Shibata, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 50, 135 (1997); Farra, A., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents., 31, 427 (2008); Pichardo, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 30, 289 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Single factor antibiotic comprising about 10% of nebramycin, the aminoglycosidic antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. Antibacterial.A representative lot contains d4, d5, d6, d7, d8, and d9.<br>References Koch, K.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 309 (1970), Welles, J.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 22, 332 (1972), Dash, A.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 24, 579 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Amino-3-(1-pyridylmethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid Hydroiodide, is an impurity of Ceftazidime (C244100). Ceftazidime impurity B.<br>References Miyake, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 486, 182 (1989), Seibert, G., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 33, 1084 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Azithromycin, a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic; related to Erythromycin A. Antibacterial.<br>References Langtry, H.D., et al.: Drugs, 56, 273 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ivermectin B1 Mono-sugar Derivative is an impurity of Ivermectin (I940800), an antiparasitic drug that is active against a wide variety of nematode and arthropod parasites and is used to treat scabies and lice in humans. An invitro inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2/ Covid-19.<br>References Campbell, W., et al.: Science, 221, 823 (1983); Glaziou, P., et al.: Trop. Med. Parasitol., 45, 253 (1994); Meinking, T., et al.: New Engl. J. Med., 333, 26 (1995); Caly, L., et al.: Antivir. Res., 178<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity N<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Azithromycin (A927000) impurity. A degradation products of Azithromycin.<br>References Anon., et al.: Pharmaeuropa, 13, 750 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Ivermectin B1 Aglycon is an impurity of Ivermectin (I940800), an antiparasitic drug that is active against a wide variety of nematode and arthropod parasites and is used to treat scabies and lice in humans. An invitro inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2/ Covid-19.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Campbell, W., et al.: Science, 221, 823 (1983); Glaziou, P., et al.: Trop. Med. Parasitol., 45, 253 (1994); Meinking, T., et al.: New Engl. J. Med., 333, 26 (1995); Caly, L., et al.: Antivir. Res., 178<br></p>

<p>Impurity Terbinafine EP Impurity E Dihydrochloride Salt<br>Applications A Terbinafine dimeric impurity of the antifungal agent Terbinafine (T107500), an orally active, antimycotic allylamine related to Naftifine. A specfic inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis. Antifungal. Also an impurity of SF 86-327 an antimycotic agent (2).<br>References 1. Petranyi G. et al.: Science. 1984 Jun 15;224(4654):1239-41. 2. Ryder, N et al.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Feb;27(2):252-6.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amoxicillin EP Impurity H ; Amoxicillin USP Related Compound H<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (R)-α-[(2,2-Dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)amino]-4-hydroxybenzeneacetic Acid (Amoxicillin EP Impurity H), is an Amoxicillin (A634235) related compound.<br>References Valvo, L., et al.: J. Chromatography A, 797, 311 (1998); Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications Linezolid (L466500) intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity L<br>Applications Azithromycin N-Oxide (Azithromycin EP Impurity L) is an Azithromycin (A927000) impurity. A degradation products of Azithromycin.<br>References Anon., et al.: Pharmaeuropa, 13, 750 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled N-Demethyl Rifampicin (D231250). N-Demethyl Rifampicin is a metabolite of Rifampicin (R508000).<br>References Marsili, L., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 1209 (1984), Nikaido, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 37, 1393 (1993), Piddock, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 45, 159 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lufenuron is a benzoylurea pesticide which inhibits the production of chitin in larval fleas.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dryden, M.W.,et al.: Int. J. App. Res. Veterrin. Med., 10, 198 (2012); Malhat, F., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 89, 1037 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin (C482500).<br>References Hoffken, G., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 27, 375 (1985), Scully, B.E., et al.: Lancet, 1, 819 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. Antibacterial.<br>References Malmborg, A.-S., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 5, 591 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Linezolid USP Related Compound A<br>Applications An impurity of Linezolid (L466500), as antimycobacterial agent. Linezolid USP Related Compound A.<br>References Sato, K., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 347, 231 (1998), Maignan, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 3226 (2000), Tokuyama, R., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 49, 353 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Cefixime (C242800). Orally active, third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Kamimura, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 25, 98 (1984),Yamanaka, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 38, 1738 (1985), Guay, D.R.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 30, 485 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of biosynthetic antibiotics<br>References Horton, D., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 59, 452 (1974), Kamenik, Z., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 393, 1779 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clarithromycin EP Impurity I<br>Applications De(cladinosyl) Clarithromycin (Clarithromycin EP Impurity I) is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750). De(cladinosyl) Clarithromycin showed significantly potent antibacterial activity against community acquired respiratory pathogens.<br>References Morimoto, S., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 187 (1984), Buxbaum, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 52, 371 (2003), Westphal, J., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 50, 285 (2000), Ma, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 44, 4137 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications The S,S-stereoisomer of Chloramphenicol (C325030). Broad spectrum antibiotic obtained from cultures of the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial; antirickettsial.<br>References Bartz, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., et al.: 172, 445 (1948), Gottlieb, et al.: J. Bacteriol., 55, 409 (1948), Szulczewski, D., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 47 (1975), Price, A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 118 (1981), Shalit, I., et al.: Drugs, 28, 281 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Enrofloxacin USP Related Compound Mixture<br>Applications Fluorinated quinolone antibacterial. Enrofloxacin USP Related Compound Mixture.<br>References Altreuther, P., et al.: Vet. Med. Rev., 2, 87 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications (2S,3S)-3-Amino-2-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]amino]butanoic Acid is an impurity of Aztreonam (A965200), the first totally synthetic monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic.<br>References Murugan, R., Narayanan, S.S.: Anal. Chem. Indian J., 8, 36 (2009); Sykes, R.B., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 21, 85 (1982); Florey, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 1 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Rifampicin.<br>References Blumenfeld,O.O., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 236, 2472 (1961), Cowxan, R.A., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 23, 799 (1966)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Unstable in basic solution<br>Applications Oxytetracycline metabolite (absolute stereochemistry unknown)<br>References Paemen, L., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 52, 105 (1996), Lykkeberg, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 34, 325 (2004), Li, D., et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 27, 80 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Neamine is normally found as a core structure of aminoglycoside antibiotics. It is used in the synthesis of disaccharide neamine derivatives as antibacterial agents.<br>References Kawaguchi, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 25, 695 (1972), Fourmy, D., et al.: Science, 274, 1367 (1996), Riguet, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 4806 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibiotic.<br>References Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications 28-Epirapamycin is an epimer of Rapamycin (R124000), a triene macrolide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Name derived from the native word for Easter Island, Rapa’Nui. Used as an immunosuppressant; antirestenotic. Sirolimus (INN/USAN), also known as rapamycin, is an immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation; it is especially useful in kidney transplants.<br>References Yang, W., et. al.: Org. Lett., 1, 2033 (1999); Martel, P.R., et al.: Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 55, 48 (1977); Carlson, R.P., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 266, 1125 (1993); Kahan, B.D., et al.: Lancet, 356, 194 (2000); Holmes, D.R., et al.: Circulation, 109, 634 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiamphenicol is an antibiotic. Thiamphenicol is the methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol and has a similar spectrum of activity, but is 2.5 to 5 times as potent. Thiamphenicol is used particularly for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections and pelvic inflammatory disease.<br>References Tikhonova, E., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 32116 (2004), Baucheron, S., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 55, 707 (2005), Pages, J., et al.: Trends. Mol. Med., 11, 382 (2005), Lomovskaya, O., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 910 (2006), Samosorn, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14, 857 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tacrolimus Related Compound A USP<br>Applications A potent immunosuppressive agent and could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases.<br>References Matuszewski, B., et al.: Anal. Chem., 75, 3019 (2003), Taylor, P., et al.: Clin. Chem., 51, 1890(2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Clarithromycin (C559750). Clarithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. Clarithromycin is a derivative of Erythromycin (E650000).<br>References Benson, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 6, 173 (1987), Boyanova, L., et al.: J. Med. Microb., 61, 85 (2012), Lin, Z., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 126, 114 (2012),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Semisynthetic antibiotic. Antibacerial (tuberculostatic).<br>References Furesz, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 16, 316 (1970), Gallo, G.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 5, 467 (1976),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Cycloserine dimer as potential impurity of drug Cycloserine (C988800).<br>References Perez-Sala, D., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 38,1037 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity J<br>Applications Descladinose Azithromycin (Azithromycin EP Impurity J) is a metabolite of the semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic Azithromycin (A927000).<br>References Luke, D.R. et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Therap., 61, 641 (1997); Foulds, G. et al.: Infect. Dis. THer., 18, 367 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefaclor EP Impurity F/ Ampicillin EP Impurity H<br>Applications 2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpyrazine (Cefaclor EP Impurity F) is a degradation product of Cefaclor (C235250), a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Baertschi, S.W., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 82, 622 (1993); Gray, B.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 13, 988 (1978), Lorenz, L.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 9, 107 (1980), Hori, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 40, 646 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Vancomycin Impurity<br>Applications An impurity in Vancomycin.A representative lot was 75% by HPLC with less than 0.1% vancomycin.<br>References Marshall, F.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 8, 18 (1965), Sheldrick, G.M., et al.: Nature, 271, 223 (1987), Dutca-Melan, S., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 33, 24 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amoxicillin EP Impurity G ; Amoxicillin USP Related Compound G<br>Applications p-Hydroxy-(D)-phenylglycyl Amoxicillin is a derivative of Amoxicillin (A634235) a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity M<br>Applications Azithromycin (A927000) impurity. A degradation products of Azithromycin.<br>References Anon., et al.: Pharmaeuropa, 13, 750 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Furaltadone is a metabolite of Nitrofuran in milk and an intermediate in the synthesis of AMOZ (A634600), a metabolite of Furaltadone Hydrochloride.<br>References Tribalat, L., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 386, 2168 (2006); Chu, P., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 2129 (2007); Lim, A., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 181, 2252 (1999), Martin, A., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 43, 1612 (2005), Chu, P., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 2129 (2007), McCracken, R., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 24, 26 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Roxithromycin (R700850).<br>References Lindstrom, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 37, 265 (1993), Shimada, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 270, 414 (1994), Yamazaki, H., et al.: J. Toxicol. Sci., 21, 215 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Desacetyl Rifaximin is an impurity of Rifaximin (R509500), a non-absorbable semisynthetic Rifamycin antibiotic.<br>References Brufani, M., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 1611 (1984); Gillis, J.C., et al.: Drugs, 49, 467 (1995); Huang, D.B., et al.: J. Infection, 50, 97 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amoxicillin EP Impurity L ; Amoxicillin USP Related Compound L<br>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A derivative of Amoxicillin (A634235), a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Ceftiofur (C244700). An antibacterial.<br>References Yancey, R.J., et al.: Am. J. Vet. Res., 48, 1050 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Desmethyl-6-O-methylerythromycin (9E)-Oxime is a derivative of Clarithromycin (C559750); a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic and derivative of Erythromycin (E650000).<br>References Benson, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 6, 173 (1987); Boyanova, L., et al.: J. Med. Microb., 61, 85 (2012); Lin, Z., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 126, 114 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic Acid is used as a reagent for determination of hydroxylamine using fused gold nanoparticles immobilized on sol-gel film modified gold electrode.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kannan, P., John, A.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 663, 158 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ceftazidime EP Impurity E<br>Applications Ceftazidime t-Butyl Ester (Ceftazidime EP Impurity E) Ceftazidime t-Butyl ester is an impurity of Ceftazidime (C244100). Ceftazidime impurity C.<br>References Miyake, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 486, 182 (1989), Seibert, G., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 33, 1084 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Fumagillin is a compound isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Fumagillin is an antimicrobial agent used in the treatment of microsporidiosis. Fumagillin shows promise as both an an anti-infective and antiangiogenic agent.<br>References Molina, J.M. et al.: N. Eng. J. Med., 346, 1963 (2002); Hou, L. et al.: Pathol. Int., 59, 448 (2009); Ingber, D. et al.: Nature, 348, 555 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications p-Hydroxypenicillin V is a byproduct in the synthesis of Penicillin V (P223500), an antibacterial agent.<br>References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Linezolid (L466500) intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Applications Tigecycline (open C-ring D-ring) quinone Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt is a salt of Tigecycline (open C-ring D-ring) quinone, an impurity of Tigecycline (T440015). Tigecycline (open C-ring D-ring) quinone is one of the very few glycylcycline antimicrobials that exhibit activity against Gram-negative bacteria and also one of the few that also circumvent around the major resistance mechanisms of tetracycline.<br>References Grosse, E., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis. (Supplement 5), 41, S341 (2005); Livermore, D.: J. Antimicrob. Chemoth., 56, 611 (2005); Stein, G. &amp; Craig, W.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 43, 518 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bacitracin F is a major Bacitracin (B106500) analog, a peptide antibiotic used as an inhibitor of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI).<br>References Freedman, R., et al.: Cell, 57, 1069 (1989); Noiva, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 3553 (1992); Ikai, Y., et al.: J. Antibiot., 48, 233 (1995); Lovat, P., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 5363 (2008); Byrne, L., et al.: Biochem. J., 423, 209 (2009); Dickerhof, N., et al.: FEBS J., 278, 2034 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefpodoxime Proxetil EP Impurity A<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cefpodoxime Acid (Cefpodoxime Proxetil EP Impurity A) is a metabolite of Cefpodoxime Proxetil (C243860). An antibacterial.<br>References Fujimoto, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 40, 370 (1987), Utsui, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1085 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications An metabolite of Aztreonam (A965200), the first totally synthetic monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic.<br>References Creasey, W.A., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 19, 233 (1985); Swabb, E.A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agent. Chemotherap., 24, 394 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications Griseofulvin-d3 is the labeled analogue of Griseofulvin (G787500), an antifungal drug. It is used both in animal and in humans, to treat rigworm infections of the skin and nails. It is derived from the mold Penicillium griseofulvum.Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants<br>References Oxford, et al.: Biochem. J., 33, 240 (1939); Townley, E.R., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 219 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications An orally active, antimycotic allylamine related to naftifine. A specfic inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984), Ryder, N.S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 27, 252 (1985), Evans, E.G.V., et al.: Br. Med. J., 318, 1031 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3-HABA Kanamycin A is an impurity of Amikacin (A578500).<br>References Gunawardana, G., et al.: J. Antibiot., 50, 887 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of labelled FK-506 (Tacrolimus)<br>References Rokaw, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 271, C194 (1996), Knoll, G.A., et al.: Brit. Med. J., 318, 1104 (1999),<br></p>