Oligosaccharides

<p>A mixture of sodium trigalacturonate &amp; tetragalacturonate (α-1,4 sodium galacturonotriose + α-1,4 sodium galacturonotetraose) is derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis (Combo, 2012). It is used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s), and gluconase(s) (Jayani, 2005). The addition of very short fragments of homogalacturonan, tri-galacturonate, and tetra-galacturonate oligosaccharides, restore development in dark-grown, de-etiolated seedling mutants, suggesting that they are unable to generate de-methylesterified pectin fragments. A model of spatiotemporally separated photoreceptive and signal-responsive cell types has been proposed, that contains overlapping subsets of the regulatory network of light-dependent seedling development (Sinclair, 2017).</p>

<p>1,5-a-L-Arabinoheptaose is a sugar that is found in the cell walls of bacteria. The chemical modification of this sugar has been studied extensively. The modification of this sugar with methyl groups and click chemistry has been shown to alter its properties, such as binding affinity and solubility. This modified sugar can be used for glycosylation reactions or custom synthesis. 1,5-a-L-Arabinoheptaose is also available in high purity and with a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>Methyl 4-O-[4,6-O-(benzylidene)-b-D-galactopyranosyl] b-D-galactopyranoside tribenzoate is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide that contains a complex carbohydrate. It is a high purity product and has been custom synthesized. The CAS number for Methyl 4-O-[4,6-O-(benzylidene)-b-D-galactopyranosyl] b-D-galactopyranoside tribenzoate is 59414-33-2. This product has been fluorinated and methylated. It also contains glycosylation and click modification.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllactose-PAA-biotin is a polymeric compound that contains sialic acid, lactose and biotin. It is a custom synthesis compound with a CAS number. 3'-Sialyllactose-PAA-biotin is an oligosaccharide made up of three monosaccharides, which are sialic acid, lactose and biotin. The polysaccharide has been modified by fluorination and click chemistry to be soluble in water. The carbohydrate has been synthesized from high purity raw materials and is free of contaminants. This compound can be used as a fluorescent probe for methylation reactions because it has been modified with Click chemistry.</p>

<p>A custom synthesis of benzyl-6-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranosyl)-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside was made with the following modifications: fluorination and methylation. The molecular weight is 636.81 g/mol. It is a white crystalline solid. CAS No.:</p>

<p>Hyaluronate decasaccharide is a molecule that belongs to the group of glycosaminoglycans. It is a polysaccharide consisting of 10 disaccharides, which are linked by alternating β-1,4 and β-1,3 glycosidic bonds. The molecular weight of this molecule is about 20 kDa, and it has an average degree of polymerization of about 4. Hyaluronate decasaccharide has been found to be present in the extracellular matrix and plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. This molecule is also involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and tissue repair processes.</p>

<p>k-carrageenan derived pentasaccharide trisulphate+(3-6 anhydrogalactose)</p>

<p>NA2B N-Glycan is a custom synthesis of a polysaccharide, glycosylation sugar that contains an oligosaccharide chain. The NA2B N-Glycan is modified with fluorination, methylation, and click modification. It has no CAS number, but it is available for purchase from various suppliers. The NA2B N-Glycan is synthesized by the glycosylation of a saccharide and can be used as a complex carbohydrate.</p>

<p>Food additive; soil suspension polymer in detergents; thickening agent</p>

<p>Methyl 2-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-(2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranosyl)-a-D-mannopyranoside is a sugar that is synthesized by the methylation of an oligosaccharide. This product is a white crystalline powder that has been shown to have high purity and a CAS number of 82185-93-1. It has also been modified with fluorination, which makes it resistant to degradation. Methyl 2-O-allyl 4,6 O benzylidene 3 O (2',3',4',6'-tetra - O acetyl - a D mannopyranosyl) - a D mannopyranoside is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Methyl a-N-acetyllactosamine is a custom synthesis of Methyl a-N-acetylgalactosamine. This compound has been modified by fluorination, methylation, and click modification to yield the desired product. The monosaccharide structure was synthesized from the corresponding glycosyl halide and protected amino acid. The glycosylation reaction between this monosaccharide and the oligosaccharide containing an unprotected hydroxyl group yields the desired product. The purity of this compound is greater than 99%.</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-D-galactopyranose is a custom synthesis that belongs to the class of carbohydrates. It is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 536.8 and a CAS number of 48737-65-1. The modification of this carbohydrate is methylation and glycosylation. This carbohydrate has been synthesized using a click chemistry reaction with a fluorination step. The purity of this compound is high and it has been synthesized in the laboratory.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified by fluorination, saccharide modification, and methylation. This product is synthetically produced and can be custom synthesized to meet your specifications. It has a high purity level of 99% with a monosaccharide content of 97%.</p>

<p>Man-9-Glc N-Glycan is a synthetic carbohydrate that is a modification of the natural sugar, Man-9-GlcNAc. It can be used as an ingredient in pharmaceutical products, such as vaccines and other therapeutic agents. This product is a custom synthesis that can be produced to order.</p>

<p>Gangliotriose is the core trisaccharide structure in gangliosides, such as, GD2 (GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) (Ledeen, 2009). GD2 ganglioside is expressed at a low concentration in the central nervous system, nerves, skin melanocytes and stem cells in healthy adults. On the other hand, GD2 ganglioside is overexpressed in a number of tumors including: neuroblastoma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma and brain tumors. Recently, GD2 ganglioside has been found in low concentrations on breast cancer stem cells (CSC) that posess: self-renewal properties (division without disrupting the undifferentiated state), and tumor-initiating capabilities. It has been suggested that GD2 ganglioside may be developed as an effective target antigen for CSC immunotherapy (Fleurence, 2017).</p>

<p>Tetrasaccharide dp4 is a custom synthesis that is modified with fluorination, methylation, and click modification of the monosaccharides. It can be used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides. Tetrasaccharide dp4 is a glycosylated carbohydrate that belongs to the group of polysaccharides. This product has CAS number 87392-00-6.</p>

<p>Man-6 N-Glycan is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is also classified as a polysaccharide and carbohydrate. The glycosylation of this product involves the addition of a sugar to the glycan, which is then modified by methylation or fluorination. This product has been shown to be stable in a buffer solution at pH 7 and can be used for click chemistry. The purity is high with no detectable impurities.</p>

<p>Verbascotetraose is a disaccharide that is found in plants. Its chemical structure is composed of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule. Verbascotetraose is produced by the plant tissue through a biosynthetic process, which involves the transfer reactions of phosphorylated hexoses. The resulting product is then converted to stachyose and oligosaccharides by dephosphorylation, glycan synthesis, and chromatographic method.<br>The production of verbascotetraose has been demonstrated in soybean products incubated with cellotriose and glycoside derivatives.</p>

<p>Methyl a-D-Lamarabioside heptaacetate is a synthetic, fluorinated monosaccharide derived from the natural compound D-Lamarabioside. It is used as a building block for the synthesis of novel oligosaccharides and glycosylated proteins. This product also has applications in medical research and development, such as for the design of new drugs and vaccines, as well as in biotechnology and chemical engineering. Methyl a-D-laminarabioside heptaacetate is soluble in water with a melting point of 230°C. It can be used to modify proteins with high purity by introducing glycosylation sites. This product is also useful for click chemistry reactions.</p>

<p>Gala1-3Galb1-4Glcb-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that is composed of saccharides. Gala1-3Galb1-4Glcb-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH has a CAS number and can be modified with methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. This compound is a type of sugar and has been fluorinated for high purity.</p>

<p>This is a custom-synthesized oligosaccharide that was modified to include a spacer and biotin. It has been synthesized by methylation and click modification, which are chemical reactions that produce monomeric units with high purity. The oligosaccharide was then fluorinated to give it a desired property. The oligosaccharide is composed of three sugar units: glucose, galactose, and mannose. This product is intended for use in research purposes only.</p>

<p>Agarose is a polysaccharide found in red algae, typically Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is a strictly alternating polysaccharide of α-1,3 linked D-galactose and β-1,4 linked L-3,6 anhydrogalactose with occasional sulfation at position 6 of the anhydrogalactose residue. Agaro-oligosaccharides result from cleavage at galactose residues and neoagaro-oligosaccharides from cleavage at 3,6-anhydro residues. A number of publications have suggested that agarodecaose has properties that include: anti-microbial, antiviral, prebiotic, anti-tumoral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, glucosidase inhibitory, and hepatoprotective properties.</p>

<p>A2 N-glycan is a complex carbohydrate that is found in invertebrates and mammals. The A2 N-glycan was found to be the most abundant of all glycoproteins in invertebrates, with a relative abundance of over 50%. It has been shown that the A2 N-glycan can be modified by covalent linking to proteins, differentiating it from other glycans. These modifications may have an effect on the structural stability of the molecule and its susceptibility to environmental degradation. The A2 N-glycan also plays an important role in immunity, as it is immunogenic and can stimulate antibody production. This carbohydrate is uniquely found in humans, which suggests that it may have some importance in human physiology.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic substrate is used for detection of hyaluronidase activity. Urinary hyaluronidase activity is elevated in patients with intermediate and high grade bladder cancer; the expression of hyaluronidase and hyaluronan synthase-1 mRNA in malignant tissue can predict bladder cancer metastasis and disease recurrence (Kramer, 2011). These findings underscore the potential utility of the hyaluronidases to serve as biomarkers for bladder cancer. A novel fluorescent substrate labelled with two dyes: fluorescein as a green donor fluorophore, and rhodamine B as a red acceptor fluorophore, was therefore developed to measure hyaluronidase enzyme kinetics (Zhang, 2008). It was then demonstrated that simultaneous measurements of green and red emission of HA–FRET could be used to measure hyaluronidase presence and activity (Fudala, 2011).</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Gal (B antigen pentasaccharide Type I)</p>

<p>3-O-b-D-Galactosylsucrose is a synthetic, fluorinated, high purity, oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that contains an O-linked glycosylated monosaccharide. This product has been modified with a click modification. The CAS number for this product is 686717-73-7 and it can be synthesized to order.</p>

<p>N-Acetylneuraminic acid pentamer penta sodium is a modification of the N-acetylneuraminic acid monomer. It is a carbohydrate that is made up of five saccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. The first four saccharides are N-acetylneuraminic acid and the fifth unit is D-mannose. This molecule has been synthesized for use as a vaccine adjuvant to increase the body's immune response to vaccines.</p>

<p>GM1-biotin ganglioside (sodium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acid linked α2,3 to the inner galactose residue, ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue, and biotin to position 5 on sialic acid (Ledeen, 2009). GM1 ganglioside is abundant in all mammalian brains where it covers 10%-20% of the total ganglioside mixture. It is found in epithelial membranes and is a key element for bacterial toxicity and viral infection as it is the intestinal receptor for the cholera toxin, the B-subunits of heat-labile toxin, rotavirus, and simian virus 40. GM1 ganglioside functions as a neurotrophic and neuroprotective compound, and has been used therapeutically for diabetic and peripheral neuropathies. GM1 ganglioside also has the ability to bind amyloid-β proteins and is involved in Alzheimer’s pathogenesis (Chiricozzi, 2020).</p>

<p>N-Glycolyl GM1 ganglioside has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with N-glycolyl sialic acid linked α2,3 to the central galactose residu,e and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). SV40, Py, and the human BK viruses are unusual among viruses in that they use glycolipids as their major cell surface receptors. SV40 uses the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) analog of the ganglioside GM1 [GM1(Gc)] as the cell surface receptor and it gave markedly stronger binding signals than the NeuAc analog [GM1(Ac)] (Campanero-Rhodes, 2007).</p>

<p>Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is used as a model for the longum subsp. of human milk oligosaccharides. The Difucosyl-para-lacto-N-hexaose I oligosaccharide was synthesized from sucrose and alpha-(1,2)-fucopyranosyl chloride, which were then reacted with para-nitrophenyl bromide (PNP). This product has been shown to inhibit the growth of respiratory pathogens in vitro by binding to c-reactive protein. It also binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins and can act as an adjuvant for vaccines.</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Gal Conjugated to BSA via Biotin &amp; an aminophenyl ethyl spacer</p>

<p>Maltohexaose is a polysaccharide formed by 6 units of glucose and can be metabolised inside the cell to a substrate-based inhibitor of fucosyltransferases. It can also be converted to GDP-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-L-fucose, a competitive inhibitor of α-1,3-fucosyltransferase. Matohexaose is used as acceptor for measuring the activity of 4-Alpha-Glucanotransferase.</p>

<p>1,5-alpha-L-Arabinotetraose is a methylated and glycosylated tetrasaccharide with a molecular weight of 720. It is a custom synthesis product with high purity and it can be used for the modification of proteins, polysaccharides, or other compounds. 1,5-alpha-L-Arabinotetraose has been shown to have fluoroquinolone resistance due to its methylation and glycosylation. The compound is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized from arabinose. It can be modified by click chemistry to introduce fluorine atoms at desired positions.</p>

<p>a-Tetrasaccharide-APE-KLH is a modification of the original tetrasaccharide APE-KLH conjugate. This modified conjugate has increased stability and higher binding affinity to the Fc receptor, which is required for antibody therapy. It is synthesized by custom synthesis and has high purity, with a CAS number of 674797-36-5. The monosaccharides in this conjugate are methylated and glycosylated, with a molecular weight of 1254. The saccharides are fluorinated and saccharide with a molecular weight of 1354.</p>

<p>GlcNPhth[346Ac]b(1-3)Gal[246Bn]-b-MP is a complex carbohydrate that is derivatized with methyl, click, and fluorination. It has been modified with saccharides, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides to create a custom synthesis. This product is available for purchase at the desired purity level. GlcNPhth[346Ac]b(1-3)Gal[246Bn]-b-MP is Glycosylated, Methylated, Clicked, Polysaccharide Fluorinated Saccharide Modified with Oligosaccharide Synthetic CAS No Monosaccharide Custom Synthesis High Purity.</p>

<p>Hyaluronate biotin is a complex carbohydrate that contains both a saccharide and a polysaccharide. The saccharide is usually linked to the backbone of the polysaccharide via glycosylation.</p>

<p>Lipid A is a complex carbohydrate that is found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The lipid A molecule consists of a long chain of fatty acids linked to a phosphate group, with sugar and phosphate groups attached. Lipid A is important for the virulence of many Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella. Fluorination, monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide modifications are used to modify lipid A to increase its immunogenicity as an adjuvant or vaccine component. Click modification and methylation are also used to alter lipid A structure. This product has been custom synthesized in our lab using high purity ingredients.</p>

<p>Lacto-N-difucohexaose I-BSA is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that is fluorinated, glycosylated, and methylated. It has been modified to be an oligosaccharide or monosaccharide with saccharides. Lacto-N-difucohexaose I-BSA is a complex carbohydrate that is made up of several different sugars. This product can be used for many purposes such as Click modification and Fluorination.</p>

<p>Man-2a N-glycan is a modification of the oligosaccharide mannose that is an important component of many glycoproteins. This product can be custom synthesized, and has been shown to have high purity. It is a carbohydrate that contains a monosaccharide and a polysaccharide. The glycan may also contain methylation, glycosylation, or fluorination. It has CAS No. 491845-49-9, which is the number assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) division of the American Chemical Society to identify substances.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-4-O-(2,6-di-O-benzyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that belongs to the class of complex carbohydrate. It has been modified by methylation and glycosylation. This product is a fluorinated saccharide and has been synthesized using click chemistry. The purity of this product is high.</p>

<p>Hyaluronate rhodamine is a modified, fluorinated, methylated, and monosaccharide-containing polysaccharide. It is synthesized by the addition of a click modification to an oligosaccharide. The saccharide is used in glycosylation reactions to produce complex carbohydrates. Hyaluronate rhodamine has a molecular weight of 2500kDa.</p>

<p>1,5-α-L-Arabinopentaose is a sugar that is found in plants. It inhibits the growth of bacteria by sequencing and binding to the enzyme L-arabinose isomerase, which converts L-arabinose to D-xylulose. 1,5-α-L-Arabinopentaose has been shown to have inhibitory effects on the metabolism of sugars in plants. This sugar binds tightly to immobilized enzymes and can be used for immobilization processes.</p>

<p>Heparin derived dp22 saccharide ammonium salt is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized with the click chemistry. It is a high purity, fluorinated compound. This modified heparin has an average molecular weight of approximately 5,400 Da and contains an average of 15 saccharide units. Heparin derived dp22 saccharide ammonium salt has been modified by methylation and glycosylation to produce a heparin-like compound that can be used as a drug delivery system for anticancer drugs.</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Gal (B antigen pentasaccharide Type II)</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl bromide is an intermediate in the synthesis of 2,6-dideoxyglucose and has been used as a model for the glycosidic linkage to fluoroquinolones. The compound is a white solid that can be synthesized by reacting D-galactose with acetamidobenzene in the presence of sodium hydroxide and chloroacetone.<br>The molecular weight of this compound is 703.1 g/mol.<br>This product was developed through custom synthesis and modification. It is available at high purity.</p>

<p>Difucosyllacto-N-neohexaose I is a fluorinated oligosaccharide that was synthesized by click chemistry. The synthesis of this compound involved the addition of a methyl group to the penultimate carbon on the reducing end of a disaccharide. Fluorination was then performed to introduce a trifluoromethyl group onto the sugar ring, which is an important step in obtaining a high level of purity. This compound has been shown to be effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and can be used as an antibacterial agent for prevention and treatment of various infections.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorinated methylated carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide with a sugar backbone. The sugar in the molecule is a monosaccharide, which is attached to other sugars through glycosylation. Methyl 3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside has been synthesized and can be custom synthesized for specific requirements. It has high purity and can be obtained with a variety of modifications, such as fluorination to increase its stability. This compound can be used in a variety of applications, including the treatment of tuberculosis infections and cancer.</p>

<p>2'-Fucosyllactose-APD-BSA is a high purity, custom synthesis, glycosylation, polysaccharide that is Click modified and methylated. 2'-Fucosyllactose-APD-BSA is a complex carbohydrate with a CAS number of 6440-85-3. This product is synthesized from the monosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose and the oligosaccharide, APD. It has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth and supports the immune system by promoting antibody production after antigen stimulation. The fucose sugars on this product are linked to the phosphate backbone through an amide bond. This product can be used in glycoprotein research, molecular biology work, or as an adjuvant for vaccine formulation.</p>

<p>Gala1-3Gal-HSA is a modified glycan with three terminal alpha-galactoside units. It is synthesized by the modification of Gala1-3Gal (saccharide) with HSA. This product is also fluorinated, methylated and click-modified. The chemical name for this product is 3-[(2S,3S)-2,3-bis[(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl]-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[(carboxymethyl)(hydroxyethyl)]-.</p>

<p>Methylation is the addition of a methyl group to a molecule. The mannobiose-BSA is a methylated derivative of mannobiose, which has been modified by adding BSA. The modification of mannobiose-BSA with BSA facilitates its use in glycosylation reactions and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other complex carbohydrates. Methylation is also used to modify saccharides, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides. Methyl groups are typically added using an organic chemical called dimethylamine or using an enzymatic reaction with SAM-dependent methyltransferases.</p>