Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Impurity Olmesartan EP Impurity B/ Olmesartan Medoximil USP Related Compound A<br>Applications Olmesartan Lactone Impurity (Olmesartan EP Impurity B) is a cyclic ester impurity of Olmesartan (O550000).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Quinoline yellow, is a yellow powder used in lipstick, lotion, soap, shampoo, bubble bath, ingested drugs, and applied drugs applications.<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Cysteine Hydrochloride Monohydrate is used as a reactant in the expedient synthesis of electronically modified luciferins for bioluminescence imaging.<br>References McCutcheon, D., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 7604 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 11-Deoxy-18-hydroxycorticosterone is an analog of Corticosterone (C695700); a glucocorticoid and intermediate in the biosynthesis of Aldosterone (A514700) which is an adrenocortical steroid isolated from the adrenal cortex.<br>References Schmidt, M., et al.: Endocrinol., 150, 2709 (2009); Bailey, M., et al.: J. Immunol., 182, 7888 (2009); Brunton, P., et al.: J. Neurosci., 29, 6449 (2009); Pruett, S., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 109, 265 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A phytosterol content in plant food which showed hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects in hypercholesterolemic overweight volunteers. Used in the treatment of metabolic disorders.<br>References Kasamo, K., et al.: Plant Physiol., 93, 1049 (1990), Davey, M., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 80, 825 (2000), Nomura, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 17873 (2005), Matos, L., et al.: Food Chem., 102, 406 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Direct Brown 95, Techincal Grade is an azo dye used in PET/cotton blended fabrics as well as other textiles. Environmental reproductive toxin.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Pielesz, A., et al.: J. Mol. Struct., 511, 337 (1999); Galloway, S., et al.: Env. Mol. Mutagen., 10, 1 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (cas# 9004-32-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pentane (cas# 129228-21-3) could be useful as a catalyst for alkene polymerization.<br>References Govindaswamy, P., et al.: Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (2020), JP 2020139048 A<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine is an extensively used nucleoside analog used as a probe for DNA synthesis. 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine is known as an toxic anti-metabolite, which potentially causes DNA instabiliy, necrosis and cell-cycle arrest, therefore it is often used for short-term DNA synthesis in tissue culture and living organisms where prolonged cell survival is not required.<br>References Neef, A.B., et al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci.., 108, 20404 (2011); Gristwood, T., et al.: Nucleic. Acids. Rsch., 40, 5487 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl 2-Acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-gluco- pyranosyl)-2-deoxy-6-O-(α-L-fucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (cas# 97242-84-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br>References Carb. Res., 103, 15 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-6-[N,N-di(2-hydroxybenzyl)amino]-9-isopropylpurine (cas# 1076199-83-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Octyl β-D-Mannopyranoside (cas# 140147-38-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications FTY720 is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modular, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibition of T cell infiltration. FTY720 Phosphate is the active metabolite of FTY720-phosphate.<br>References Chiba, K., et al.: J. Immunol., 160, 5037 (1998), Brinkmann, V., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 21453 (2002), Kiuchi, M., et al.: Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry, 13, 425 (2005<br></p>

<p>Applications Poly(ethylene Glycol) molecules of an average molecular mass of 200. Poly(ethylene Glycol) is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry. Recent research has shown PEG maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals. In rats, it has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery. It is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction. PEG is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.<br>References Borgens, R. et al.: J. Neurosci. Res., 66, 1179 (2001); Stavisky, R. et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 376, 98 (2005); Nalam, P. et al.: Tribiol. Lett., 37, 541 (2010); Steinmetz, N. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 17093 (2009); Li, X. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 11147 (2011); Li, L. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 447, 192 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Fluoropyrimidine nucleotides as probes of RNA structure using 19F-NMR spectroscopy.<br>References Metzler, W., et al.: J. Magn. Reson., 76, 534 (1988), de Dios, A., et al.: Science, 260, 1491 (1993), Kulinski, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 38892 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Alanine-13C3,15N is the isotope labeled analogue of β-Alanine (A637320), which is a naturally occurring beta amino acid. β-Alanine is formed in vivo by the degradation of Dihydro Uracil (D449990) and Carnosine. β-Alanine is also the rate-limiting precursor of Carnosine, as a result supplementation with β-Alanine increases the concentration of Carnosine in muscles.<br>References Derave, W. et al.: J. Appl. Physiol., 103, 1736 (2007); Xia, J.-F. et al.: J. Chrom. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 977, 1930 (2009); Artioli, G.G. et al.: Med. Sci. Sports Exer.,42, 1162 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications AMPA-15N is a useful labelled compound for determining the force constant and other properties of (Aminomethyl)phosphonic Acid in its stable form.<br>References Garrigou-Lagrange, C., et al.: C. R. Acad. Sci., 280, 969 (1975)<br></p>

<p>Applications Paraffin Oils is a useful organic solvent for isolating the nucleus of the gian amphibian oocyte.<br>References Praine, P., et al.: Biotechniques, 13, 238 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-chiro Inositol (cas# 643-12-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cytidine analog. Used for preparation of nucleoside derivatives as inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA viral polymerase.<br>References Eldrup, A.B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 2283 (2004), Shim, J., et al.: Antiviral Res., 243 (2003), Wang, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 9489 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A constituent of nucleic acids.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Miles, et al.: Science, 142, 1458 (1963), Bugg, et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 3, 436 (1968),<br></p>

<p>Applications Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid (2). Andrographolide is the main bioactive component isolated from the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata (2). Andrographolide showed significant antihepatotoxic action in P. berghei K173-induced hepatic damage in M. natalensis(1). Andrographolide inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced intercellular adhesion mol.-1 (ICAM-1) expression and adhesion of HL-60 cells onto human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which are associated with inflammatory diseases (2). These findings suggest that Andrographolide may have potential as a cardiovascular-protective agent.<br>References (1) Chander, R. et al.: Int. J. Pharmacog. (1995) 33, 135-8 (2) Chen, H.-W. et al.: J. Nat. Prod. (2011) 74, 2408-13<br></p>

<p>Applications (E)-2-chloro-3-imino-N,N-dimethylprop-1-en-1-amine Hydrochloride is an impurity of Etoricoxib (E934100), a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor that is used to improve the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.<br>References Hunt, R., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 98, 1725 (2003); Schumacher Jr., H., et al.: Bmj, 324, 1488 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Acetylphenyl β-D-Glucopyranoside (cas# 530-14-3) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamic Acid α-tert-Butyl Ester is an ester of L-Glutamic Acid used in the synthesis of enantiopure isotopomers of amino acids.<br>References Chauvel, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 2950 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydantoin (cas# 461-72-3) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-O-(α-D-Galactopyranosyl)-D-galactose is used in determination of antibody potency in blood serum by ELISA<br>References Abramenko, I.V., et al.: Tsitologiya, 35 (5), 91 (1993), Kelly, R.F., et al.: Mol. Microbiol., 10 (3), 615 (1993), Stortz, C.A., et al.: J. Carbohydr. Chem., 13 (2), 235 (1994), Neethling, F.A., et al.: Transplantation, 57 (6), 959 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications OCTYL GALLATE (cas# 1034-01-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Basic Blue 7100 (CAS# 2390-60-5) is a dye with antimicrobial properties. Basic Blue 7100 is a toxic substance with a toxicologial screening value of 0.0025 μg/kg body weight per day. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Penninks, A.; et al.: EFSA Journal, 15 (2017).<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibiotic substance belonging to the actinomycin complex, produced by several Streptomyces spp. Antineoplastic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Manaker, et al.: Antibiot. Ann., 55, 853 (1954), Jain, S., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 114, 317 (1977), Nakajima, K., et al.: Pept. Chem., 19, 143 (1981), Shereda, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 19247 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A cross-linking sulfhydryl spin label.<br>References Kalai, T., et al.: Synthesis, 6, 973 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Guaiazulene is a lipophilic azulene that is commonly used as a skin conditioning agent in cosmetic, beauty and body care products. It is photomutagenic in Salmonella and also causes DNA damage in human cells.<br>References Chiang, H., et al.: J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 211, 123 (2010); Fiori, J., et al.: Toxicol. Vitro, Kourounakis, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 49, 938 (1997); Wang, L., et al.: Mut. Res., 530, 19 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications C.I.Solvent Orange 3 (CAS# 495-54-5) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Fluoro Uridine is an active metabolite of Doxifluridine (D556750).<br>References Mori, K., et al.: Int. J. Oncol., 17, 33 (2000); Bollag, W., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer, 16, 427 (1980); Pinedo, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 6, 1653 (1988); Ishikawa, T., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1091 (1998); Schuller, J., et al.: Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 45, 291 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Oleoyl-L-carnitine is a long-chain fatty ester of carnitine which is accumulated and released into the circulation, in fatty-acid oxidation defects. Pattern of Oleoyl-L-carnitine can be diagnostic for a number of ß-oxidation defects.<br>References Adams, S., et al.: J. Nutrition, 139, 1073 (2009); Ventura, F., et al.: Clinica Chimica Acta, 281, 1 (1999); Pourfarzam, M., et al.: Clinical Chem,, 40, 2267 (1994); Schaefer, J., et al.: Pediatric Res., 37, 354 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications STANNOUS OCTOATE (cas# 301-10-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 5α-Androstane-3β,17β-diol, a metabolite of Testosterone (T155000).<br>References Monetti, G., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 25, 765 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ilomastat is a metalloprotease inhibitor.<br>References Dietrich, C., et. al.: J. Immunol., 192, 5382 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A thiol-reactive cross-linking reagent.<br>References Licha, K., &amp; Perlitz, C.: PCT Int. Appl. (2004), WO 2004065491 A1; Gutierrez, C. B., et al.: Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, US), 90, 7600 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications Indole-3-acetyl-L-glutamic Acid is an indole-3-acetyl-amino acid conjugate involved in regulatory mechanisms for the control of auxin activity during physiological and pathophysiological responses.<br>References Ostrowski, M., et al.: J Plant Physiol, 191, 63-72 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Uracil-13C,15N2 is an isotopically labelled compound that can be synthesized to study cellular DNA damage using mass spectrometry. This compound can also be used to study the unimolecular reactivity of various uracil complexes and systems.<br>References Nelson, V.C., J. Labelled Comp Radiopharm., 38, 713-723, (1996); Trujillo, C., et.al., Int J. Mass Spectrom., 306, 27-36, (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Disperse Yellow 3 is an azo disperse dye which is water insoluble. Disperse Yellow 3 can be used to dye polyester and acetate fibers. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Nishida, K., et al.: J. Soc. Dyers Colour., 105, 112 (1989); Akkurt, F., et al.: Trends Chem. Eng., 11, 73 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluorescent label<br>References Forster, Y., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 209, 9 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Disperse Blue 106 is a textile dye that causes allergic contact dermatitis. It is very rarely used in textiles nowadays.<br>References Wentworth, Ashley B., et al.: Dermatitis, 23(6), 269-274 (2012); Malinauskiene, Laura., et al.: Contact Dermititis, 67(3), 141-148 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Leucomycins (&gt;85%) (cas# 1392-21-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Cholenic Acid-3β-ol is a bile acid of which the metabolism in humans results in the primary bile acids lithocholic acid and chenodeoxycholic. It is found in hgher concentrations in meconium of premature human babies when compared to full term babies.<br>References Tohma, M., et al.: Steroids, 44, 47 (1984); Kok, E., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 256, 6155 (1981); Back, P., et al: Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift fuer Physiologische Chemie, 354, 83 (1973); Javitt, N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem,, 261, 12486 (1986);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Alanine 2-Ethylbutyl Ester Hydrochloride is used in the synthesis of phosphoramidate prodrug of a pyrrolo[2,1-f][triazin-4-amino] adenine C-nucleoside (GS-5734) for the treatment of ebola and emerging viruses.<br>References Siegel, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 60, 1648-1661 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications α-Glycosidase inhibitor.<br>References Paulsen, H., et al.: Chem. Ber., 113, 2601 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycine conjugated Hyodeoxycholate, facilitates the biological transport of Hyodeoxycholate within the intestine<br>References Yang, L., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 21, 2280 (2008), Sato, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 4849 (2008), Gnewuch, C., et al.: World J. Gastroenterol., 15, 3134 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Alanyl-L-alanyl-L-alanine (cas# 5874-90-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(Hydroxyamino)acetic Acid is a novel lactase inhibitor.<br>References Hattori, M., et al.: J. Insect Physiol., 51, 1359 (2005); Murao, S., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 56, 987 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications n-Hexadecyl-d33-trimethylammonium Chloride is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Chloride (H293913)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Quaternary ammonium base occurring in tissues of marine animals.<br>References Stein, W., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 211, 915 (1954), Bystedt, J., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 10, 301 (1959),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (cas# 97-99-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ACRYLATE (cas# 2399-48-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(Diethylamino)-7-[2-[4-[[4-[(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)oxy]-4-oxobutyl]methylamino]phenyl]diazenyl]-5-phenylphenazinium is used in preparation of Peptide derivatives as imaging probes of Cathepsin catalytic activity.<br>References Kindermann, M., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., (2018);<br></p>

<p>Applications Antifungal.<br>References Sardari, S., et al.: Pharm. Pharmacol. Commun., 6, 455 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected (S) enantiomer of the amino acid Phenylalanine.<br>References Zhu, P., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 6966 (2009), Cramer, B., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 343 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Quinoxaline is a reagent used in the synthesis of quinoxaline diimides as small molecule non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells.<br></p>

<p>Applications Bathocuproine Disulfonic Acid Disodium salt is a mixture of isomers suitable for determination of copper. It can also be used in analytical role and study on analytical conditions of antioxidant assays for biological samples based on reduction of copper complexes.<br>References Marques, S. S., et al.: Int J Mol Sci, 15, 11387 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Isoleucine is not biosynthesized in the human body and is therefore categorized as an essential amino acid that must be obtained through diet. It is also an important building block that is used in the formation of hemoglobin in humans.<br>References Albanese, A.: J. Biol. Chem., 157, 613 (1945); Martin, R. &amp; Kirk, K.: Blood, 109, 2217 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-(Hydroxymethyl)cytosine is a DNA pyrimidine nitrogen base.It may regulate gene expression or prompt DNA demethylation. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine may be especially important in the central nervous system, as it is found in very high levels there.<br>References Guo, J., et al.:Cell 145, 423 (2011); Globisch, D., et al.: PLoS ONE 5, e15367 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Boc-L-aspartic Acid β-Methyl Ester is used to prepare isoxazoline glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists. It is also used to synthesize glutamic acid analogs as potent inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase.<br>References Xue, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 2064 (1997); Kirkland, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 4963 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Stabilizer in manufacturing of vinyl polymers; intermediate in synthesis of glycerol, glycidyl ethers, and amines; additive for oil and synthetic hydraulic fluids; epoxy resin diluent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hiles, R.A., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 19, 347 (1981); Thompson, E.D., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 665 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Azosemide is a high-ceiling diuretic agent. It is used in the treatment of edematous states and hypertension.<br>References Ogawa, K., et al.: Inter. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. Toxicol., 22, 401 (1984); Suh, O., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Disposition., 24, 275 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aziprotryne is a pesticide.<br></p>

<p>Applications: TSTU is used as a peptide coupling reagent in solvent systems.<br>References Knorr, R., et. al.: Pept. 1990, Proc. Eur. Pept. Symp., 21st, 62-4 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lyral (mixture of isomers) is a suspected fragrance allergen.<br>References Rey, Aurelien, et al.: J. of Chromatography A, 1404, 95-103 (2015);Desmedt, B., et al.: Talanta, 131, 444-451 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications A Dipicolinic acid tag for rigid lanthanide tagging of proteins and paramagnetic NMR Spectroscopy. The tag, 4-mercaptomethyl-dipicolinic acid, binds lanthanide ions with nanomolar affinity, is readily attached to proteins via a disulfide bond, and avoids the problems of diastereomer formation associated with most of the conventional lanthanide tags.<br>References Ikegami, T., et al.: J. Biomol. NMR, 29, 339 (2004), Su, X., et al.: Chembiochem., 7, 1599 (2006), Vlasie, M., et al.: Chem.-Eur. J., 13, 1715 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications PSA sorbent is useful in food residue cleanup removing food matrix interferences.<br>References F.J. Schenck, et al.: J. Chromatogr. A., 868, 51-61 (2000);F.J. Schenck, et al.: J. Sep. Sci. 25, 883-890 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycyl-glycyl-glycine is used as a model peptide for studies of physicochemical parameters and molecular associations of small peptides. It is also used as a copper chelator.<br></p>

<p>Applications D-(+)-Cellopentaose (cas# 2240-27-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Glyceryl Tritridecanoate is used in cosmetics that stimulates the growth of hair and skin.<br>References Adachi, K., et al.: Eur. Pat. Appl. (1985), EP 129778 A2 19850102.; Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1984), JP 59027809 A 19840214.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Nonanoylmorpholine (cas# 5299-64-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Indole-3-acetic-L-alanine is a derivative of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (I577340) used in studies for the isolation and characterization of Arabdopsis thaliana mutants.<br>References Rampey, R.A., et al.: G3 (Bethesda), 3, 131-141 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Important gaba mimetic agent. It evokes neurological responses similar to those elicited by g-aminobutyric acid.<br>References Riv. Farmacol. Ter., 7, 155 (1976), Neuropharmacology, 17, 13 (1978), Br. J. Pharmacol., 59 373 (1977)<br></p>