Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Applications Dodecane is used in the synthesis of triblock polymers that deliver nanoparticles to the oil/water interface and degrade non-tocxc non-aqueous liquids. Used in the synthesis of helical folding of alkanes used in a self assembly.<br>References Saleh, N. et al.: Nano. Lett., 2489, 5 (2005); Scarso, A. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126, 13512 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Monolaurin has antibacterial, antiviral, and other antimicrobial effects in vitro.<br>References Li, Q., et al.: Nature, 458, 1034 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Acid Red 1, tech. is a synthetic red azo dye used as food additive. Studies have shown that Red Acid 1 is converted to toxic compound aniline and may ultimately interfere with blood haemoglobin. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Ordoudi, S.A., et al.: Food. Add. Contamin., 28, 417 (2011); Ganesan, L., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 81, 810 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Arginine is an unnatural isomer of L-Arginine (A769505), and is used to inhibit glutamate-induced nitric oxide production in rats. Derivatives of D-Arginine are used for pharmaceutical purposes, one example is 1-Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, which is used to treat various bleeding disorders.<br>References Castellano, M., et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 314, 127 (2001); Kobrinsky, N., et al.: Lancet, 323, 1145 (1984); Weyrich, A., et al.: Circulation, 86, 279 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Indole-3-acetyl-L-glutamic Acid is an indole-3-acetyl-amino acid conjugate involved in regulatory mechanisms for the control of auxin activity during physiological and pathophysiological responses.<br>References Ostrowski, M., et al.: J Plant Physiol, 191, 63-72 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications [2-(4-Methyl-2-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]methanol is used in the preparation of azepine.<br>References Lypacewicz, Maria K. et al., Pol.(1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications A cell-permeable chloro-nitro-benzamido compound that acts as a potent, specific, irreversible, and high-affinity antagonist of PPARγ with a Ki of 1 nM. Displays &gt;800-fold greater selectivity for PPARγ over PPARα and PPARδ (Ki = 0.85 µM and 1.8 µM, respectively). Blocks hormone- and agonist-induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. It suppresses interactions between PPARγ and coactivator-derived peptides, while promotes the recruitment of corepressor-derived peptides. Shown to modulate the interaction of PPARγ2 with the cofactor proteins through covalent binding to Cys313 in its ligand-binding domain.<br>References Lee, G., et al: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 19649 (2003), Schaefer, K.L., et al: Cancer Res., 65, 2251 (2005), Masuda, T., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 11, 4012 (2005), Raikwar, H.P., et al.: J. Neuroimmunol., 167, 99 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of the anticancer agent Mitoxantrone (M373425)<br>References Feafanov, A. et al.: Anticcancer Res., 19, 5341 (1999); Ponousis, C. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 48, 2223 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications Laurocapram is a useful intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A component of elastin. It can be measured in all body fluids as biomarkers for in vivo degradation of matrix tissue elastin in man and animals.<br>References Sato, F., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 39, 746 (2006), Koenders, M., et al.: J. Pathol., 218, 446 (2009), Ma, S. et al.: J. Chrom. Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 879, 1893 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Bromo-2’-deoxyguanosine (cas# 13389-03-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br>References Chatgilialoglu, C., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 1820 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications n-Butylnitrate (cas# 928-45-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Cytarabine, a compound used as an antineoplastic and antiviral. A selective inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Does not inhibit RNA synthesis.<br>References Donehower, R.C., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rep., 70, 1059 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Senstiive<br>Applications D,L-Adrenochrome is the substance mainly responsible for the red colours produced during the mild oxidation of adrenaline<br>References Costa, V., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 1183 (2007), Sotomayor-Zarate, R., et al.: Biol Reproduc., 78, 673 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications p-Chlorophenylguanidine Hydrochloride is an reagent used in the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives as hSMG-1 inhibitors, potential targets for cancer treatment.<br>References Gopalsamy, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 22, 6636 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A biologically active, cell permeable, but nonphysiologic ceramide analog. It stimulates protein phosphatase 2A at concentrations as low as 10 nM and activiates MAP kinase. It induces apoptosis and inhibits glycoproptein traffic by the secretory pathway.<br>References Liu, Z., et al.: J. Neurochem., 106, 2463 (2008), Heakal, Y., et al.: Mol. Cancer Res., 7, 724 (2009), Chen-Quay, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 606 (2009), Mahdy, A., et al.: Mol. Ther., 17, 430 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Occurs in coal tar. Is formed during distillation of coal, in very small amount during distillation or pyrolysis of many fats and oils. Chrysene is one of the basic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) which is toxic environmental pollutant and consistently exposed to sunlight. However, little information is available on its photogenotoxicity.  The objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of Chrysene, under environmental intensity of UVB (0.6 mW/cm2) in human skin epidermal cell line (HaCaT).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Anderson, D., et al.: Mutat. Res., 307, 261 (1994), Diamond, S., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 25, 3015 (2006), Fotakis, G., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 160, 171 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A potent inhibitor of NO synthase of adrenal glands, brain, and vascular endothelial cells.<br>References Vallence, P., et al.: Lancet, 339, 572 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-L-GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-L-LEUCINE (cas# 2566-39-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,​6,​13,​18-​Tetraoxacyclotetraco​sane-​7,​12,​19,​24-​tetrone can be used in degradation process investigation of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in supercritical methanol.<br>References Liu, L., et al.: Polym Degrad Stabil, 98, 2520 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications rac 3-Hydroxydecanoic Acid (cas# 5561-87-5) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiodiglycolic Acid-d4 acts as a reagent for the synthesis of metabolites of S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine and S-methyl-L-Cysteine and of some isotoically labelled (2H, 13C) analogs.<br>References Meese, C. O., et al.: Archiv der Pharmazie, 323, 957 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Capecitabine.<br>References Arellano, M., ET AL.: Br. J. Cancer, 77, 79 (1998), Budman, D., ET AL.: J. Clin. Oncol., 16, 1795 (1998), Khanna, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 60, 4725 (2000), Charasson, V., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 731 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dl-valine<br></p>

<p>Applications Plastic additive 21 is a plasticizer; used in preparation of natural mineral modified degradable polymer flame-retardant composite material.<br>References Xu, H., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, (2021);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled cholic acid derivative as TGR5 modulator. Found in ox bile, human bile, rabbit bile, and in ox and pig gallstones.<br>References Brindle, J., et al.: Nat. Med., 12, 1439 (2002), Lindon, J., et al.: Biomarkers, 9, 1 (2004), Holmes, E., et al.: Cell, 134, 714 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Coenzyme Q2 is a redox carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain in eukaryotic cells. It has been used to investigate interaction of coenzyme Q with phosphatidylethanolamine membranes.<br>References Do, T., et al.: J. Biol Chem. 276, 18161 (2001); Gomez-Fernandez, J. C., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 739 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid (EET) has antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory properties and play a role in the maintenance of renal vascular function. N,​N'-​dicyclohexylurea (DCU) increased release of 14,15-EET when the cells were stimulated with a calcium ionophore.Also, it is derived from Arachidonic Acid &gt;97% (A765000), which is an essential fatty acid and a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Arachidonic Acid occurs in liver, brain, glandular organs, and depot fats of animals, in small amounts in human depot fats, and Arachidonic Acid is also a constituent of animal phosphatides.<br>References Zhao, X., et al.: J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 15, 1244 (2004); Fang, X., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 14867 (2001); Kurosawa, T., et al.: J. Cell. Physiol., 219, 606 (2009); Mazalli, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 5028 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Palmitoyl-rac-glycerol is a biomarker of metabolic responses to hepatotoxicants and carcinogens.<br>References Broadhurst, D., et al.: Metabolomics, 2, 171 (2006), Shi, J., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 25, 930 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Acrylonitrile (ACN).<br>References Guengerich, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 41, 4925 (1981), Leonard, A., et al.: Mutation Res., 436, 263 (1999), Stadler, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5550 (2004), Dybing, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 43, 365 (2005), Rice, J., et al.: Mutation Res., 580, 3 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lauramine Oxide, is an frequently-used amine oxide surfactant. It is strongly hydrophilic , and it forms normal micelles and normal liquid crystalline phases.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kocherbitov, v., et al.: J. Molec. Struct.: Theochem., 808, 111 (2007); Kocherbitov, v., et al.: J. Phys. Chem. B., 110 (27), 13649 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications A acyclic phosphonate nucleotide.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled 3-Aminoisobutyric Acid (A611585). Substituted β-alanines. Used for preparation and isolation of D(-)-β-aminoisobutyric acid.<br>References Kakimoto, Y., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 236, 3288 (1961),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Iodothyronamine is a novel metabolite of thyroid hormone (TH). 3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) is an endogenous and rapid-acting derivative of thyroid hormone. It has alos been found to increase food intake in rodents.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Davis, P., et al.: Thyroid, 6, 497 (1996), Falkenstein, E., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 52, 513 (2000), Yen, P., et al.: Physiol. Rev., 81, 1097 (2001), Pinna, G., et al.: Endocrinology, 143, 1789 (2002), Dhillo et al.; Diabetes, Obesity &amp; Metabolism (2008), 10(2), 167-70<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Sulfone O-β-D-Glucuronide is the glucuronide derivative of Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Sulfone (B447390); a compound that is commonly used as a reactant in epoxy reactions. It is also used as a latent thermal catalyst for epoxy resin.<br>References Fu, J.W., et al.: Adv. Mat. Rsch., 266, 1022 (2011); Li, J.X., et al.: Polymers. Adv. Tech., 23, 803 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Vanillin 4-O-β-D-Glucoside is the glucosylated precursor of Vanillin (V097500) found in the seed pods of Vanilla planifola. During the curing process Vanillin 4-O-β-D-Glucoside is transformed into the aromatic vanillin.<br>References Odoux, E. et al.: Fruits, 61, 171 (2006); Palama, T.L. et al.: Environ. Exp. Bot., 72, 258 (2011); Dunphy, P. et al.: Perf. Flav., 34, 34 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the methods of detecting nitrotyrosine and aminotyrosine residues of peptides and proteins. Also used in the studies on the separation and photometric determination of antiepileptics.<br>References Quednow, B., et al.: Pharmazie, 34, 724 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lacto-N-neotetraose (CAS# 13007-32-4) is a polysaccaride found in human milk. Oral supplementation of lacto-N-neotetraose in healthy adults resulted in shifts the intestinal microbiota - a substantial increase in relative abundance of actinobacteria and bifidobacterium and a reduction in the abundance of firmicutes and proteobacteria.<br>References Grabarics, M.; et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 146, 168 (2017); Elison, E.; et al. Br. J. Nutr, 116, 1356 (2016).<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis[2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(p-nitrophenylazo)benzenediazonium] Chlorozincate can be used for test kits to detect and identify narcotics. It has also been assessed for its suitability as oxygen reduction electrocatalysts and sonoelectrocatalysts.<br>References Callahan, M.D., et.al., U.S., 13,(2017); Sljukic, B., et.al., Electroanalysis, 17,1025-1034,(2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Rhodamine 6G is a fluorescent hydrophilic pH-sensitive dye that has been used on organosilicate nanoparticles as cell-preserving labels for photoacoustic signal generation. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References O’Malley, S.M., et. al.: Chem. Phys. Lett., 615, 30 (2014); Silina, Y.E., et. al.: Analyst, 140, 771 (2015); Ramirez-Perez, F.I., et. al.: J. Biomed. Nanotech., 10, 3337 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Stabilizer in manufacturing of vinyl polymers; intermediate in synthesis of glycerol, glycidyl ethers, and amines; additive for oil and synthetic hydraulic fluids; epoxy resin diluent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hiles, R.A., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 19, 347 (1981); Thompson, E.D., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 665 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Atractyloside A is known to inhibit mitochondrial ADP transportation resulting in necrosis. Antimicrobial.<br>References Stewart, M. et al.: Ther. Drug. Monit., 22, 641 (2000); Federico, B. et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 75 1070 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Uridine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt dihydrate (CAS# 116295-90-0) is a form of the nucleotide UTP (CAS# 63-39-8) used for diagnosis of stenoses and other conditions of restricted blood flow.<br>References Rosenmeier, J. B.: US 20110085977 (2011).<br></p>

<p>Applications Oleyl Oleate is a synthetic analog of jojoba oil. Used as a wax ester for various applications.<br>References Lopes, D. et al.: Food Sci. Biotech., 20, 1203 (2011); Radzi, S. et al.: J. Oleo. Sci., 59, 127 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications A lipid biomarker for stable and unstable heart disease.<br>References Gaziano, J., et al.: Circulation, 96, 2520 (1997), Thomas, A., et al.: Anal. Chem., 82, 6687 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Para Red is a biological stain. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Mazzotti, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 63 (2008), Ferrer A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 397, 93 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxynapthol Blue is a pharmaceutical dye used in colorimetric analyses.<br>References Hamidi, S. et al.: Biosens. Bioelec., 72, 121 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-d3-glufosinate Hydrate is a useful isotopically labeled compound<br></p>

<p>Applications Catechol (cas# 120-80-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Boc-D-leucine is an N-Boc-protected form of D-Leucine (L330150). D-Leucine is an unnatural isomer of L-Leucine (L330110) that acts as an auto-inhibitor of lactic streptococci in culture. D-Leucine causes analgesia in humans and also exhibits inhibitory activity in bacterial cell cultures.<br>References Chuan, Y., et al.: Chin. J. Anim. Vet. Sci., 4, 003 (1985); Fox, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 155, 465 (1944); Gillillad, S. &amp; Speck, M.: J. Dairy Sci., 51, 1573 (1968); Schoenheimer, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 130, 703 (1939); Seltzer, S., et al.: Pain, 11, 141 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Applications Uracil-d4 is the labelled compound form of Uracil (U801000) which is a nitrogenous base on RNA nucleosides.<br>References Seth, P., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 8309 (2010); Cui, H., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 45, 5140 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-1,5-hexadiene is a reagent in the conversion of zirconabicycles into bicyclic enones via carbonylation.<br>References Negishi, E., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 3336-46 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methyl-Inosine is a modified nucleoside which is present in higher concentrations in the urinary excretion of patients afflicted with breast cancer. It acts a a biomarker for diagnosis of the disease.<br>References Frickenschmidt, A. et al.: Biomark., 13, 435 (2008); Studzinska, S. et al.: J. Chrom. B. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 887, 93 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyrene is a novel bio-based green solvent used in polymerization reactions. Byproduct in the synthesis of levoglucosenone fungicidal agent.<br>References Sharipov, B. et al.: Chem. Hetero. Comp., 55, 31 (2019); Marino, T. et al.: J. Membrane Sci., 580, 224 (2019);<br></p>

<p>Applications DAPT is a γ-secretase inhibitor which inhibits thegrowth of cancer cells and epethelial and mesenchymal transition (1,2).<br>References (1) Li, L. et al.: Oncol Lett. 7, 2160 (2014) (2) Wang, M. et al.: Int. J. Onc., 44, 1401 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications An epoxide metabolite of acrylamide. It is neurotoxic and carcinogenic.<br>References Costa, L.G., et al.: Toxicology, 98, 151 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bronopol is a component of gray wastewater.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eriksson, E., et al.: Urban Water, 4, 85 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications (5α)-Pregnane-3,20-dione exerts neuroprotective effects in chronic autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The neuroactivity of the steroid acts as a therapeutic agent for multiple sclerosis.<br>References Caruso, D. et al.: J. Neuroendocrinol., 24, 851 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A stable folate lyophilized compound suitable for use in the treatment of cancer and other therapies.<br>References Park, H., et al.: Science, 268, 1866 (1995), Banerjee, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 14916 (2007), Klar, T., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 366, 954 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Leucine is an essential amino acid. L-Leucine acts as a nutrient signal to stimulate protein synthesis. It has also activates the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase that regulates cell growth.<br>References Demant, T. et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 270, E1022 (1996); Diraison, F. et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 277, E529 (1999); Suryawan, A. et al.: J. Anim. Sci., 89, 2004 (2011); Peyrollier, K. et al.: Biochem. J., 350, 361 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyridoxal 5-phosphate Hydrate (cas# 853645-22-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Mandelonitrile along side hydroxynitrile lyase is used to induced cyanogenesis in seeds.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Halter, Jonas G., et al.: J. of Materials Chem., 2(3), 853-858 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Corotenoid component of the visual pigments. All-trans retinal is converted to retinoic acid in vivo by the action of retinal dehydrogenase.<br>References Ball, et al.: Biochem. J., 42, 516 (1948), O’Brien, D.F., et al.: Science, 218, 961 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Didanosine EP Impurity C<br>Applications 2'-Deoxyinosine (Didanosine EP Impurity C) is an Inosine (I661000) analog with hypotensive activity. An impurity of the antiviral drug 2’,3’-Dideoxyinosine (D440950).<br>References Maling, S.J. et al.: J. Appl. Biochem., 2, 130 (1980); Rao, D.V.N.S. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 45, 516 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 9-cis-Retinoic Acid Methyl Ester is a cis-Vitamin A derivative.<br>References Englert, G., et al.: Helv. Chimica Acta, 58, 2367 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled product of L-Tryptophan metabolism, possessing neruoactive activity having antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant properties.<br>References Wejksza, K., et al.: Pharmacol. Rep., 61, 751 (2009), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Di Natale, B., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 115, 89 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Lactic Acid occurs in small quantities in the blood and muscle fluid of man and animals. The lactic acid concentration increases in muscle and blood after vigorous activity.<br>References He, W. et al.: Comp. Biochem. Phys. Part A: Mol. Int. Phys., 166, 308 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1$l^{3},2-benziodoxole (cas# 1391728-13-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulforhodamine 101 is a red fluorescent dye used in the calcium imaging methods in neurophysiological experiments.Dyes and metabolites.<br>References Strouse, J., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 437, 77 (2013); Collot, M., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 14923 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ursodeoxycholic Acid (U850000) derivative. 24-norUrsodeoxycholic acid is superior to Ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice.<br>References Seedorf, U., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 21277 (1994), Stolowich, N., et al.: Biochemistry, 36, 1719 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Valeric Acid Sodium Salt (cas# 6106-41-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ammelide, is a metabolite of Melamine (1) (M208700), which acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive (2). Also present in pet foods as well (3).Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10. 2. Ehling S. et al.: Food Addit. Contam. 2007 Dec;24(12):1319-25. 3. Vail T. et al.: J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(6):304-12.<br></p>