Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Thiocytidine (CAS# 13239-97-9) is a cytidine analogue. A profiled metabolite in HFD-induced obese mice after oral administration of Huangjinya green tea extract.<br>References Li, M., et al.: Food and Chemical Toxicology, 145, 111744 (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ammeline is a metabolite of Melamine (1) (M208700), which acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive (2). Also present in pet foods as well (3).Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast RW. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10.2. Ehling S. et al.: Food Addit Contam. 2007 Dec;24(12):1319-25.3. Vail T. et al.: J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(6):304-12.<br></p>

<p>Applications Metoprolol Fumarate (cas# 119637-66-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Decanoyl-2–lauroyl-3-chloropropanediol belongs to a group of 3-Chloropropanediol fatty acid esters, which are contaminants found in edible oils and other food sources.<br>References Z. Zelinková, et al.: Food Addi. &amp; Conta., 23:12, 1290-1298 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Carbobenzoxyglycine is used in the dipeptide synthesis.<br>References Hans, D., et al.: Med. Chem., 2, 627 (2006), Guzman, F., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 10, 279 (2007), Vlieghe, P., et al.: Drug Discov. Today, 15, 40 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopentane, is one of the chemical components of Gas-Phase organic carbon emissions from motor vehicles. It is also a volatile component of frying oils.<br>References Gentner, D. R., et al.: Environ. Sci. Tech., 47, 11937 (2013); Prevot, A. Frying Food, 155 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Deoxy-6-fluoro-D-galactose (cas# 447-25-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N6-​[Bis(ethylamino)​methylene]​-D-​lysine is an intermediate in preparation of analogs of transforming and epidermal growth factor fragment.<br>References Nestor, John J., et al.: U.S., (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-Maackiain (CAS# 2035-15-6) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride is a Tetrazolium dye used in colorimetric assays. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References Berridge, Michael V., et al.: Biotechnol. Annu. Rev., 11, 127 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications As a dye for wool and silks; as colorant in food, drugs, and cosmetics. In biochemistry as an adsorption-elution indicator for chloride estimations. Tartrazine (otherwise known as E number E102, C.I. 19140, or FD&amp;C Yellow 5) is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food coloring. Tartrazine appears to cause the most allergic and intolerance reactions of all the azo dyes, particularly among asthmatics and those with an aspirin intolerance. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.A recent report has shown that Tartrazine may be useful in 3D bio-printing of organ-like architectures.<br>References Rowe, K.S., et al.: J. Pedriatics, 125, 691 (1994), Tanaka, T., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 44, 179 (2006); Chem. and Eng News Page 4 May 6, 2019<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Oxythiamine HCl (cas# 136-16-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A carnitine ester of unsaturated fatty acid. Used in the studies of fibroblasts in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and fatty acid oxidation disorders.<br>References Gross R.W., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 258, 5221 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive: Desiccate<br>Applications A heterobifunctional sulfhydryl cross-linking reagent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Xylan is a major constituent of the secondary cell wall and plant cell-wall polysaccharides. Xylan is also used in the studies involving structural properties, foaming as a new means for food structuring in plants. Xylanases an enzymatic form of xylan is used in several biotechnological processes, primarily for biopulping and biobleaching in the paper industry and as accessory enzymes for bioethanol production.<br>References Yuan, Y., et al.: Plant and Cell Physiol., 57, 35 (2016); Kuang, B., et al.: Mol. Plant, 9, 1119 92016); Generoso, W. C., et al.: BioEnergy Res., 9, 931 (2016); Beatrice, C. A. G., et al.: Carbohydr. Polym., 173, 508 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Suberylglycine is one of the acylglycines, an important class of metabolites that have been used in the diagnosis of several inborn errors of metabolism (IEM).<br>References Costa, C., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal., 21, 1215 (2000), Garcia-Villoria, J., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 42, 2 (2009), Scalbert, A., et al.: Metabolomics, 5, 435 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the preparation of Citicoline (C508050), a naturally occurring nucleotide.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Vinylphenol, 10 wt.% In propylene glycol (cas# 2628-17-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Provisionally listed for use in food, drugs and cosmetics. Sunset Yellow is useful in fermented foods which must be heat treated. It may be found in orange sodas, orange jelly, marzipan, Swiss rolls, apricot jam, citrus marmalade, lemon curd, sweets, hot chocolate mix and packet soups, trifle mix, breadcrumbs, snack chips, shelf fresh noodles, cheese sauce mixes. Sunset Yellow is a sulfonated version of Sudan I, a possible carcinogen. Sunset Yellow itself may be responsible for causing an allergic reaction in people with an aspirin intolerance, resulting in various symptoms, including gastric upset, diarrhea, vomiting, nettle rash (urticaria), swelling of the skin (angioedema) and migraines. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Radomski, J.L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 136, 259 (1962), Gaunt, I.F., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 5, 747 (1967),<br></p>

<p>Applications CA-074 methyl ester is a cell-permeable cathepsin B inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications ε-N-Deoxyfructosyllysine is a sugar-amino acid with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.<br>References Kitts, D.D., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 60, 6718 (2012); Chalova, V.I., et al.: Food. Res. Intern., 45, 1044 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluorescent labeling reagent for proteins and peptides.<br>References Vives, E. and Lebleu, B. : Tetrahedron Letters, 44, 5389 (2003), Li, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 5558 (2005), Oejmeyr, L., et al.: Biochemi., 48, 2173 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Adenosine monophosphate is useful for skin rejuvenation in dermatology and aesthetic dermatology.<br>References Watanabe, M., et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 127, 1689 (1991), Engelke, M., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 137, 219 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyridoxal 5-phosphate Hydrate (cas# 853645-22-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A halogenated uridine derivative used in pharmaceutical compositions.<br>References Brammer, K., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 72, 217 (1963), Uesugi, S., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 26, 3040 (1978)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-L-glutamic Acid is the N-Acetyl analogue of the non-essential amino acid, L-glutamic acid (G596960). N-Acetyl-L-glutamic Acid activates carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in the urea cycle.<br>References Saheki, T. et al.: J. Biochem., 77, 659 (1975); Rivas, J. et al.: Acta Biol. Med. Ger., 36, 1673 (1977); Zollner, H.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 676, 170 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Triglycol is used in a mixture with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in a CO2 absorption-regeneration process.<br>References Zheng, C., et. al.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51, 11236 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Homocysteine is the stereoisomer of L-Homocystine, increased levels lead to hyperhomocysteinemia; a cardiovascular risk factor in prediction of coronary heart disease as well as being associated with congenital birth defects, pregnancy complications and cancer.<br>References Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003); Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Serine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride (cas# 5874-57-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Palladium (II) Acetate Trimer is used in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. It also serves to catalyze the chemoselective reduction of nitroarenes.<br>References Kumbhar, A. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 54, 1331 (2013); Shil, A. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 53, 4858 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Calcitriol (C144500). The trans isomer of Calcitriol.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Myrtle, J.F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 245, 1190 (1970), Lawson, D.E.M., et al.: Nature, 230, 228 (1971), Norman, A.W., et al.: Science, 173, 51 (1971), Suda, T., et al.: Vitamins, 45, 175 (1972), Muindi, J.R., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 72, 648 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications An enzyme inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Disodium UDP-glucose is a phosphorylated uridine derivative used in nucleotide sugars metabolism as an activated form of glucose as a substrate for the enzyme glucosyltransferases. It is used in the treatment of chronic alcoholism. It is used in characterization of limonoid glucosyltransferase.<br>References Spaggiari, G. et al.: Clin. Terap., 51, 137 (1969); Karim, M.R. et al.: Food Chem., 76, 431 (2002); Spaggiari, G. et al.: Clin. Terap., 51, 137 (1969); Karim, M.R. et al.: Food Chem., 76, 431 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,9-Nonanediol diacrylate (cas# 107481-28-7) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications tert-Butoxycarbonyl-D-proline is Boc protected D-proline (P755990). It is used to prepare trichostatin A and trapoxin B analogs as histone deacetylase inhibitors. It is also used to prepare potent and selective nonpeptide inhibitors of caspases 3 and 7.<br>References Jung, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 1655 (1997); Lee, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem,, 44, 2015 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications A phytosterol found in canola oil, rapeseed oil, marine algae and shellfish. This compound has been shown to inhibit sterol Δ24-reductase, an enzyme involved in the mammalian cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.<br>References Bishop, G.J., et al.: Plant Cell Physiol. 42, 114, (2001), Fernandez, C., et al., Biochem. J. 366, 109 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Aprotinin is used in cardiac surgery to minimize bleeding and reduce exposure to blood products.<br>References Mangano, D. et al.: New Eng. J. Med., 354, 353 (2006); Fergusson, D. et al.: New. Eng. J. Med., 358, 2319 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Lauroylcholine Chloride (cas# 25234-60-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-L-cystine is an antioxidant, used in the treatment of influenza A virus pandemic (1). N-Acetyl-L-cystine promotes fertilization by reducing disulfide bonds in zona pellucida of mouse (2).Releases N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, which is an antidote for paracetamol poisoning.<br>References (1) Zhang, R., et al.: (2014) Int. Immunopharmacol. 22: 1-8 (2) Takeo, T., et al.: Biol Reprod. (2015) 92: 1-7<br></p>

<p>M02724 - 3-Indolyl-b-D-glucuronide Cyclohexylammonium salt</p>

<p>Applications Novel acridinium esters are disclosed that are useful, either alone or when incorporated into liposomes, as chemiluminescent agents in binding assays.<br>References Bolt, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 151, 251 (2004), Malhotra, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 581 (2010), Natrajan, A., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 406, 204 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5β-Cholanic Acid-3α, 6β-Diol is a cholesterol derivative; Plasma lipophilic biomarkers in rats. Also, it is one of two major metabolites from the hydroxylation of hepatic lithocholic acid catalyzed by Cyp3a/Cyp3a11 enzymes in mice.<br>References Mayengbam, S., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr., 55, 1213-1223 (2016); Hrycay, E., et al.: Mol. Cell. Biochem., 389, 119-132 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Zymostenol, is the derivative of Zymosterol (Z701520), which is an sterol intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol (C432501).<br>References Roland, E.D., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 278 (1989); Echevarria, F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 265, 8484 (1990); Baranovskii, A.V., et al.: Russian. J. Bioorg. Chem., 28, 250 (2002); Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. Cholesterol oxidation product having cytotoxicity effects.<br>References Higley, N., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 983 (1984), Emanuel, H., et al.: J. Food Sci., 56, 843 (1991), Kilsdonk, E., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 505 (1995), Cantwell, H., et al.: Cell Biol. Toxicol., 14, 401 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is commonly present in several medicinal plants. Inhibits secretory phospholipase A2.<br>References Andrikopoulos, N., et al.: J. Med. Food, 5, 1 (2002), Lanteri, S., et al.: Food Chem., 76, 501 (2002), Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 155, 535 (2008), Sotiroudis, T., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr, 47, 69 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Methylcytosine (cas# 554-01-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A bioactive constituent of Chinese natural medicines.<br>References Masayuki, Y., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 45(9), 1498 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Teneligliptin Hydrobromide (2:5) is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is eliminated via excretion, and has a half-life of 24.2 hours in the human body.<br>References Goda, M. &amp; Kadowaki, T.: Drugs Today, 49, 615 (2013); Kishimoto, M.: Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes., 6, 187 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications p-SCN-Bn-NOTA is a bifunctional chelating agent.<br>References Sarkar, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 61, 385 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid that can be synthesized by the human body under normal physiological conditions if a sufficient quantity of methionine is available. Cysteine is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Cysteine is used as a processing aid for baking, as an additive in cigarettes, as well as in the preparation of meat flavours.<br>References Hui, N. et al.: Meat Sci. Appl., 74 (2001); Kiviharju, K. et al.: J. Biotechnol., 117, 299 (2005); Pecivova, P. et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 90, 1681 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycerol Monoleate is used to synthesize water soluble drugs in need of sustained-release for drug delivery.<br>References Chang, C. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 276, 83 (2004); Chang, C. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 173, 51 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light and Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Menaquinones are isoprenoid quinones of the naphthalene series and belongs to the K2 Vitamin homologs. Menaquinones were originally discovered as the anti-hemorrhagic factor and now encompasses a variety of physiological processes. Menaquinone 7 belongs to the class of K2-Vitamins homologs. Menaquinone 7 has been identified as the most bioactive cofactor for the carboxylation reaction of Gla-proteins such as osteocalcin and matrix-Gla protein, which plays a crucial role in building and maintaining overall bone health.<br>References Hugenholtz, P., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 180, 4765 (1998), Ginet, N., et al.: Biochemistry, 40, 1812 (2001), Cape, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 34654 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dabsyl Chloride is used for HPLC amine derivatization to detect proteins and other molecules.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Romero, R. et al.: Chromatograph., 51, 404 (2000); Ikeda, M. et al.: Amino Acids., 8, 401 (1995):<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications The biologically active form of vitamin D3. Calcium regulator; vitamin (antirachitic); antihyperparathyroid; antineoplastic; antipsoriatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Myrtle, J.F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 245, 1190 (1970), Lawson, D.E.M., et al.: Nature, 230, 228 (1971), Norman, A.W., et al.: Science, 173, 51 (1971), Suda, T., et al.: Vitamins, 45, 175 (1972), Muindi, J.R., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 72, 648 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications The deamination product of Guanosine. Potential biomarker for detecting radiation exposure. Used in the amplification of DNA isothermal strand displacement.<br>References Magasanik, B, et al.: J. Bio. Chem., 206, 83 (1954).<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of S-propylcysteine.<br>References Jones, A.R., et al.: Xenobiotica, 10, 827 (1980), 25) Ramu, K., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 8, 515 (1995), Krause, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 25, 1013 (1997), Powley, M., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 1448 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Phosphorylethanolamine is used in the synthesis of Sphingomyelin, a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membrane.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Myller, A.T. et al.: Appl. Surf. Sci., 257, 1616 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Biogenic polyamine formed from spermidine and occurring in almost all tissues. Essential for both normal and neoplastic tissue growth. Involved in the modulation of calcium-dependent immune processes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Israel, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 7, 710 (1964), Janne, J., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 473, 241 (1978). Theoharides, T.C., et al.: Life Sci., 27, 703 (1980), Horn, Y., et al.: Cancer Res., 42, 3248 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nα-Boc-L-histidine is an N-Boc-protected form of L-Histidine (H456010). L-Histidine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in mitochondrial glutamine transport and has potential of abolishing oxidative stress caused by brain edema.L-Histidine promotes zinc uptake in human erythrocyes and also has potential as an antioxidant therapy for acute mammary inflammation in cattle.<br>References Chaiyotwittayakun, A., et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 85, 60 (2002); Horn, N., et al.: J. Phys., 489, 73 (1995); Rama Rao, K., et al.: Am. J. Path., 176, 1400 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications A nonionic detergent for the solubilization of membrane bound protein.<br>References Lairson, L., et al.: Nat. Chem. Biol., 2, 724 (2006), Kwon, S., et al.: App. Environ. Microbiol., 73, 2251 (2007), Makowski, K., et al.: Enz. Microb. Technol., 44, 59 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ursodeoxycholic Acid EP Impurity D<br>Applications Ursocholic Acid (Ursodeoxycholic Acid EP Impurity D) is an Ursodeoxycholic Acid (U850000) impurity.<br>References Ward, A., et al.: Drugs, 1984, 27, 95 (1984), Sama, C., et al.: Clin. Drug Invest., 13, 192 (1997), Nobilis, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 937 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications Rhodamine 110 is a fluorescent dye used as AP- and exopeptidase substrates for flow cytometric measurements. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References Ganesh S., et al.: Cytometry, 20, 334 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications t-Boc-N-amido-PEG3-acid<br></p>

<p>Applications 4,4'-Methylenebis-benzen-2,6-d2-amine is the labelled compound form of 4,4'-Methylenedianiline (M304180) which is used in the production of polyurethane foams and epoxy resins (1). Potential contributor in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats through alteration of the serotenergic transport system (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Hebert, V., et al.: Cardiovas. Toxicol., 11, 316-24 (2011); Carroll-Turpin, M., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 147, 235-45 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications H-GLU-LYS-OH (cas# 5891-53-2) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Proflavine hemisulfate (CAS# 1811-28-5) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide (cas# 97-36-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Glyceryl Monothioglycolate is used as an ingredient of hair permanent wave-setting or straightening agents.<br>References Kuzuhara, A.: Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (2013), JP 2013249274 A 20131212.; Savaides, A., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2014), US 20140261518 A1 20140918<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Allo-isoleucine-d10 is a derivative compound of L-allo-isoleucine (A548200), which has been suggested to induce epithelial β-defensin expression. In addition, L-allo-isoleucine is utilized in the biosynthesis pathway for coronamic acid.<br>References Fehlbaum, P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 12723 (2000); Parry, R. J., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 1849 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of 4-Amino-2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl Piperidine-1-oxyl.<br>References Li, W., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 58, 941 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Biotinyl Tyramide is a Biotin (B389040) derivative, a growth factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. Plays an indispensable role in numerous naturally occurring carboxylation reactions. Occurs mainly bound to proteins or polypeptides. The richest sources are liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk. The biotin content of cancerous tumors is higher than that of normal tissue.<br>References Griesser, R. et al.: Biochem., 12, 1917 (1973); du Vigneaud, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 146, 475 (1942); Traub, et al.: Nature, 178, 649 (1956); Siegel, H., et al.: Experienta, 37, 789 (1981); Vesely, D.L., Science, 216, 1329 (1982); Hugues, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 31, 12 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phytantriol 74563-64-7 (cas# 74563-64-7) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture, Temperature sensitive<br>Applications Used as a substrate for the detection of sialidase-like enzyme in screening of enzymes, studying physiological activities of gangliosides, and recombinant technologies.<br>References Biorg. Med. Chem., 1, 147 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications H-D-Ala-D-Leu-OH (cas# 67392-69-2) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled product of L-Tryptophan metabolism, possessing neruoactive activity having antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant properties.<br>References Wejksza, K., et al.: Pharmacol. Rep., 61, 751 (2009), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Di Natale, B., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 115, 89 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications DAPT is a γ-secretase inhibitor which inhibits thegrowth of cancer cells and epethelial and mesenchymal transition (1,2).<br>References (1) Li, L. et al.: Oncol Lett. 7, 2160 (2014) (2) Wang, M. et al.: Int. J. Onc., 44, 1401 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methyl-Inosine is a modified nucleoside which is present in higher concentrations in the urinary excretion of patients afflicted with breast cancer. It acts a a biomarker for diagnosis of the disease.<br>References Frickenschmidt, A. et al.: Biomark., 13, 435 (2008); Studzinska, S. et al.: J. Chrom. B. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 887, 93 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfatases hydrolyze sulfated metabolites to their corresponding alcohols and are present in all domains of life. These enzzymes have found major application in metabolic investigations of drugs, doping control analysis and recently in metabolomics.<br>References Correia, M., et al.: Bioorganic &amp; Medical Chemistry, 27, 955 (2019),<br></p>

<p>Applications Octyl β-D-Mannopyranoside (cas# 140147-38-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A fodder additive for poultry used to prevent coccidiosis infections. Antiprotozoan drug.<br>References Morrison, W.D. et al.: Poult. Sci., 46, 391 (1967); Davis, J.L. et al.: Vet. Pharmacol. Therap., 9, 1145 (2009);<br></p>