Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Applications Rhodamine-123 is a fluorescent dye most commonly used in flow cytometry as functional reporter for Pgp. Rhodamine 123 (R123), as a typical of P-glycoprotein substrate, was widely used to quantify P-glycoprotein (P-gp) functional efflux activity in vivo. Rhodamine-123 can be used in multiparameter analyses without fluorescence interference in combination with common protein labeling dyes such as PE-Cy5 and AMCA (7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid).<br>References Yumoto, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 289, 149 (1999), Romiti, N., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 183, 83 (2002), Mizuno, N., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 559, 425 (2003), del Amo, E., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 36, 200 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Pregnenolone (P712200).<br>References Kramer, R., et al.: J. Steroid Biochemi., 18, 715 (1983), Hiwatashi, A., et al.: J. Biochem., 98, 619 (1985), Eiichi, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Sci., 95, 140 (2004),<br></p>

<p>This assay employs the competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay technique. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with LTD4. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to LTD4. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of LTD4 in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.</p>

<p>Impurity Didanosine EP Impurity C<br>Applications 2'-Deoxyinosine (Didanosine EP Impurity C) is an Inosine (I661000) analog with hypotensive activity. An impurity of the antiviral drug 2’,3’-Dideoxyinosine (D440950).<br>References Maling, S.J. et al.: J. Appl. Biochem., 2, 130 (1980); Rao, D.V.N.S. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 45, 516 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Myristoyl-L-carnitine Hydrochloride is a long-chain fatty ester of carnitine which is accumulated and released into the circulation, in fatty-acid oxidation defects. Pattern of Lauroyl-L-carnitine can be diagnostic for a number of ß-oxidation defects.<br>References Ventura, F., et al.: Clinica Chimica Acta, 281, 1 (1999); Pourfarzam, M., et al.: Clinical Chem,, 40, 2267 (1994); Schaefer, J., et al.: Pediatric Res., 37, 354 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Atractyloside A is known to inhibit mitochondrial ADP transportation resulting in necrosis. Antimicrobial.<br>References Stewart, M. et al.: Ther. Drug. Monit., 22, 641 (2000); Federico, B. et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 75 1070 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications [2-(4-Methyl-2-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]methanol is used in the preparation of azepine.<br>References Lypacewicz, Maria K. et al., Pol.(1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methoxyaniline hydrochloride (cas# 20265-97-8) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol found in sesame oil.<br>References Lee, D., et al.: Analytica Chimica Acta, 429, 321 (2001); Jahaniaval, F., et al.: J. AM. Oil Chem. Soc., 77,847 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications DAPT is a γ-secretase inhibitor which inhibits thegrowth of cancer cells and epethelial and mesenchymal transition (1,2).<br>References (1) Li, L. et al.: Oncol Lett. 7, 2160 (2014) (2) Wang, M. et al.: Int. J. Onc., 44, 1401 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Isoleucine is not biosynthesized in the human body and is therefore categorized as an essential amino acid that must be obtained through diet. It is also an important building block that is used in the formation of hemoglobin in humans.<br>References Albanese, A.: J. Biol. Chem., 157, 613 (1945); Martin, R. &amp; Kirk, K.: Blood, 109, 2217 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,3′-Diaminobenzidine is a peroxidase substrate and a reagent for spectrophotometric determination of selenium.<br></p>

<p>The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat ANA. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Rat ANA. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Rat ANA, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Rat ANA in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.</p>

<p>Applications 4-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine Hydrochloride is the 4-acetyl analogue of the essential amino acid L-phenylaniline. 4-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine as well as other unnatural amino acids can be genetically incorporated successfully into proteins in Escherichia coli as well as mammalian cells.<br>References Liu, W. et al.: Nature Meth., 4, 239 (2007); Liu, C. et al.: Nature Biotechnol., 29, 164 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications CMPF is a drug-binding inhibitor which is also a constituent of urine. CMPF can inhibit specific T4 binding in serum by increasing the free concentration of direct competitors.<br>References Mabuchi, H., Nakahashi, H.: Nephron, 44, 277 (1986); Lim, C.F., et. al.: Metabolism Clin. Exp., 42, 1468 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Sitosteryl Ferulate is used for purification and identification of components of γ-oryzanol in rice bran oill<br>References Xu, Z., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 2724 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-Naringenin, an active flavanone, maintains antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic activities. Used in the treatment of praquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.<br>References Podder, B. et al.: J. Microbiol. Biotech., 24, 605 (2014); Abd El Azim, M. et al.: Org. Chem. An Ind. J., 10,410 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methyl-Inosine is a modified nucleoside which is present in higher concentrations in the urinary excretion of patients afflicted with breast cancer. It acts a a biomarker for diagnosis of the disease.<br>References Frickenschmidt, A. et al.: Biomark., 13, 435 (2008); Studzinska, S. et al.: J. Chrom. B. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 887, 93 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Chlorotrimethylsilane have been used in the preparation of volatile derivatives of a wide range of compounds for GC analysis. Chlorotrimethylsilane has been used for silylation and as a protection group in the process of various organic synthesis.<br> E0<br>References Casimiro, M., et al.: Org. Lett., 15, 2378 (2013); Lifchits, O., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 6677 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Methyl Isocyanate.<br>References Slatter, J. G., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 4, 157 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Amino-nicotinonitrile<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholesterol (C432501) derivative. Cholesterol is a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones.<br>References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dyphylline (D826500) impurity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Auterhoff, H.<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Acrylonitrile (ACN).<br>References Guengerich, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 41, 4925 (1981), Leonard, A., et al.: Mutation Res., 436, 263 (1999), Stadler, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5550 (2004), Dybing, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 43, 365 (2005), Rice, J., et al.: Mutation Res., 580, 3 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Monolaurin has antibacterial, antiviral, and other antimicrobial effects in vitro.<br>References Li, Q., et al.: Nature, 458, 1034 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A deoxyribonucleoside as Eg5 kinesin modulator with antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity.<br>References Hecht, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 17, 588 (2004); Choi, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 38244 (2006); Lao, Y., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 246 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A heterobifunctional cross-linker.<br>References Carlsson, J. et al.: Biochem. J., 173, 723 (1978), Neurath, A.R., and Strick, N.J.. : J. Virol. Meth., 3, 155 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Dideoxycytidinene, can be used for the synthesis of Zalcitabine (Z140000), which is pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with antiviral activity.<br>References van der Vliet, P.C. and Kwant, M.M.: Biochemistry, 20, 2628 (1981), Mitsuya, H., Broder, S.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 1911 (1986), Starnes, M.C., and Cheng, Y.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 988 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pentane (cas# 129228-21-3) could be useful as a catalyst for alkene polymerization.<br>References Govindaswamy, P., et al.: Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (2020), JP 2020139048 A<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of Adapalene derivatives.<br>References Zinner, R., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 8, 521 (2009), Virtanen, M., et al.: Exper. Dermatol., 19, 674 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ticagrelor Epimer is an epimer impurity of Ticagrelor (T437700). Ticagrelor (T437700), the first reversible oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist, provides faster, greater, and more consistent ADP-receptor inhibition than Clopidogrel. Used in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS).<br>References Matetzky, S., et al.: Circulation, 109, 3171 (2004), Bassand, J., et al.: Eur. Heart J., 28, 1598 (2007), Jakubowski, J., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 25, 357 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2,2-Diselanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride (cas# 3542-13-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Important gaba mimetic agent. It evokes neurological responses similar to those elicited by g-aminobutyric acid.<br>References Riv. Farmacol. Ter., 7, 155 (1976), Neuropharmacology, 17, 13 (1978), Br. J. Pharmacol., 59 373 (1977)<br></p>

<p>Applications A well-known, highly active stimulant of cell divisions in plant tissue cultures.<br>References D.S. Letham: Phytochemistry, 12, 2445 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications Glucosinolate analog of Glucoraphanin found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower.<br>References Lee, J.G. et al.: Horticult. Env. Biotech., 50, 509 (2009); KIm, J.K. et al.: Food Chem., 119, 423 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Vitamin D4 is the active analogue of Vitamin D.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Holick, M., et al.: J. Biochemistry, 10, 2799 (1971), Haddad, J., et al.: J. Bone Miner. Res., 4, 243 (1989), Palmieri, G., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab., 82, 3516 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxalic Acid Ethyl Ester is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is used to synthesize 2-substituted 3-aryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones with anticonvulsant activities. It is also used to prepare nonbenzamidine tetrazole derivatives as factor Xa inhibitors.<br>References Wolfe, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 161 (1009); Quan, M., et al.: bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, 369 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,5-Diaminotoluene is an aromatic compound that is commonly used in permanent hair-dye formulations. 2,5-Diaminotoluene is weakly mutagenic and is also partially responsible for causing allergic contact dermatitis in humans.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chung, K., et al.: Mutat. Res./Rev. Mutat. Res., 387, 1 (1997); Inouye, M. &amp; Murakami, U.: Food Cosm. Toxicol., 15, 447 (1977); Yazer, K., et al.: Cont. Derm., 66, 27 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5,6-Dihydrothymine is a derivative of Thymine, a nucleobase in the nucleic acid of DNA . 5,6-Dihydrothymine is a radiolysis product of DNA.<br>References Hubbard, K. et al.: Biochemistry, 28, 4382 (1989); Cadet, J. et al.: Int. J. Rad. Biol. Rel. Stud. Phys. Chem. Med., 39, 119 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Guanosine analog. Used for preparation of nucleoside derivatives as inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA viral polymerase.<br>References Eldrup, A.B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 2283 (2004), Shim, J., et al.: Antiviral Res., 243 (2003), Wang, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 9489 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pregnenolone-d4, is the labeled analogue of the Pregnenolone (P712200), which is a steroid hormone involved in the steroidogenesis of progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.<br>References Bjondahl, K., et al.: Med. Biol., 54, 454 (1976), Geick, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 14581 (2001), Johnson, D., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 66, 16 (2002), Abe, C., et al.: Lipids, 42, 637 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Xylan is a major constituent of the secondary cell wall and plant cell-wall polysaccharides. Xylan is also used in the studies involving structural properties, foaming as a new means for food structuring in plants. Xylanases an enzymatic form of xylan is used in several biotechnological processes, primarily for biopulping and biobleaching in the paper industry and as accessory enzymes for bioethanol production.<br>References Yuan, Y., et al.: Plant and Cell Physiol., 57, 35 (2016); Kuang, B., et al.: Mol. Plant, 9, 1119 92016); Generoso, W. C., et al.: BioEnergy Res., 9, 931 (2016); Beatrice, C. A. G., et al.: Carbohydr. Polym., 173, 508 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light and Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A cross-linking, biotin-labelled compound.<br>References Hatanaka, Y. et al: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2, 1367 (1994); Hatanaka, Y. et al: J. Org. Chem., 59, 383 (1994); Hatanaka, Y. et al: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2, 1367 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. Its membrane organizing properties could have implications in Altzheimer’s disease.<br>References Wang, J., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 1010 (2004), Lemaire-Ewing, S., et al.: Cell Biol. Toxicol., 21, 97 (2005), Fuda, H., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 48, 1343 ( 2007), Sasaki, H., et al.: Metabolism, 56, 357 (2007); S.L. Regen et al.: J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 131, 12354 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Boc-Sitagliptin is the N-Boc protected derivative of Sitagliptin (S490990), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor that is used for glycemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes.<br>References Aschner, P., et al.: Diabetes Care, 29, 2632 (2006); Charbonnel, B., et al.: Diabetes Care, 29, 2638 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications (25R)-26-Hydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one is an oxygenated sterol which has many important biological activities. (25R)-26-Hydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one has been used as a reactant for the synthesis of other sterols.<br>References Li, S., et. al.: Chem. Phys. Lipids, 99, 33 (1999); Khripach, V., et. al.: Steroids, 70, 551 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications An epoxy fatty acid found in Pneumocystis carinii lipids.<br>References Gibson, G., et al.: Xenobiotica, 19, 1123 (1989), Pellegrini, L., et al.: Plant Physiol., 103, 509 (1993), Scheller, U., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 32528 (1998), Tijet, N., et al.: Biochem. J., 332, 583 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4α-Methyl-cholest-5-en-3β-ol is a derivative of Cholesterol (C432501), a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones.<br>References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Applications Magnesium Stearate is used in the synthesis of mini matrices for improved drug delivery.<br>References Sujja-areevath, J. et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 6, 207 (1998); Sangalli, M. et al.: J. Control. Released., 73, 103 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Sunset Yellow (E110) D4 (phenyl D4) is a deuterated form of Sunset Yellow FCF (S825000). Sunset Yellow is provisionally listed for use in food, drugs and cosmetics. Sunset Yellow is useful in fermented foods which must be heat treated. It may be found in orange sodas, orange jelly, marzipan, Swiss rolls, apricot jam, citrus marmalade, lemon curd, sweets, hot chocolate mix and packet soups, trifle mix, breadcrumbs, snack chips, shelf fresh noodles, cheese sauce mixes.<br>References Radomski, J.L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 136, 259 (1962), Gaunt, I.F., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 5, 747 (1967), Berart, S. D., et al.: Soft Matter, 14, 7277 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Stability Store tightly sealed at 4°C; Light Sensitive<br>Applications 5-Iodotubercidin is an analogue of the antibiotic tubercidin, a pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic (1,2,3). A potent inhibitor of adenosine kinase from rat or guinea pig brain. Inhibits uptake of 3H-adenosine into brain slices. 5-Iodotubercidin is a nucleoside transporters inhibitor.<br>References (1) Long, M. and Parker, W. B.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 1671 (2006) (2) Bonilla-Santiago, R., et al.: Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 162, 149 (2008) (3) Caballero, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 5103 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Norbixin is a carotenoid used as cosmetic pigment and food colouring additive.<br>References Bouvier, F., et al.: Science, 300, 2089 (2003); Breithaupt, D.: Food Chem., 86, 449 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Adenosine-3'-monophosphate (cas# 84-21-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture, Temperature sensitive<br>Applications Used as a substrate for the detection of sialidase-like enzyme in screening of enzymes, studying physiological activities of gangliosides, and recombinant technologies.<br>References Biorg. Med. Chem., 1, 147 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Veratrole is common reagent in organic synthesis such as the synthesis of arizonins B1 and C1. Also used in the synthesis of pharmacophores of salmeterol and roflumilast as dual β2-adrenoreceptor agonists-PDE4 inhibitors.<br>References Fernandes, R. et al.: Tetrahedron: Asymm., 24, 1548 (2013); Liu, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 1548 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6PPD-quinone is a derivative of 2-​Amino-​5-​anilino-​1,​4-​benzoquinone, which is useful in hair dye compositions.<br>References Bugaut, A., &amp; Laudon, M.: U.S. (1977), US 4023926 A<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-α-Methyl-β-alanine is a reactant for the chemoenzymatic assembly of cryptophycins as potent anticancer therapeutics.<br>References Magarvey, N.A., et al.: ACS Chem. Biol., 1, 766-779 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Disperse Red 1 is an azo disperse dye which is water insoluble. Disperse Red 1 can be used to dye polyester and acetate fibers. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Sareek, J.: J. Soc. Dyers Colour., 78, 326 (1962); Iskender, M., et al.: Textile Res. J., 75, 462 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dithiothreitol is a redox reagent commonly used as a reducing agent for thiolated DNA. Dithiothreitol is also used to reduce the disulfide bonds of proteins.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lee, C.-Y. et al.: Langmuir, 21, 5134 (2005); Lu, B.-Y. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 405, 67 (405);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl Carbamate is used as derivatization regent for detecting hydrogen cyanamide in fruit.<br>References Cohen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 211, 279 (1993); Oreiro-Garcia, M., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr., 19, 720 (2005); Pramanik, S., et al.: B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 82, 644 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A useful synthetic intermediate for making potent and selective coronary vasodilators.<br>References Niiya, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 4557 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Mutilin, is used to perform biological studies with focus on antimicrobial activity. This complex is also a reagent in the production of pleuromutilin derivatives.<br>References Helmut, E., et al.: J. Antibiot., 29, 923 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclo(Leu-Gly) is an antimicrobial compound produced by Latobacillus plantarum.<br>References Niku-Paavola, M., et al.: J. Appl. Microbiol., 86, 29 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel fluorigenic substrate for the determination of Biotinidase activity.<br>References Kumugi, S., et al.: Chemistry Letters, 391 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Provisionally listed for use in food, drugs and cosmetics. Sunset Yellow is useful in fermented foods which must be heat treated. It may be found in orange sodas, orange jelly, marzipan, Swiss rolls, apricot jam, citrus marmalade, lemon curd, sweets, hot chocolate mix and packet soups, trifle mix, breadcrumbs, snack chips, shelf fresh noodles, cheese sauce mixes. Sunset Yellow is a sulfonated version of Sudan I, a possible carcinogen. Sunset Yellow itself may be responsible for causing an allergic reaction in people with an aspirin intolerance, resulting in various symptoms, including gastric upset, diarrhea, vomiting, nettle rash (urticaria), swelling of the skin (angioedema) and migraines. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Radomski, J.L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 136, 259 (1962), Gaunt, I.F., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 5, 747 (1967),<br></p>

<p>Applications Danofloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial compound.<br>References Golet, E., et al.: Anal. Chem., 73, 3632 (2001); Golet, E., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 3645 (2002); Huet, A., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 2822 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihexadecyldimethylammonium Chloride is used in hair cosmetic as a emulsion agent.<br>References Guimaraes, J. P. D., et al., PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020257889 A1;<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A derivative of Deoxycholic acid (DC); the bile acid nor-DC showed considerable and continuing efflux into the perfusate; this involved mostly the unchanged acid. Nor-DC was not amidated but was metabolized to mostly ester glucuronides and hydroxylated derivatives.<br>References Haslewood, G., et al.: Biochem. J., 62, 637 (1956), Clayton, L. M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 248, 1130 (1989), Aggarwal, S., et al.: Steroids, 57, 107 (1992), Batta, A., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 33, 1403 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-2-propylpiperidine hydrochloride (cas# 15991-59-0) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Impurity Piperacillin EP Impurity B<br>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Piperacilloic Acid (Piperacillin EP Impurity B) is a degradation product of Piperacillin (P479950), a new β-lactam antibiotic.<br>References Waxman, D.J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 255, 3964 (1980), Waley, S.G., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 205, 631 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications Plant sterol, used as a precursor in the synthesis of progesterone.<br>References Han, P., et al.: Biotechnol. App. Biochem., 54, 105 (2009), Matsunaga, I., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 393, 222 (2009), Huang, C., et al.: Plant Physiol., 150, 1192 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, moisture sensitive<br>Applications Stearoyl L-α-Lysolecithin is an bioactive lysophosphatidylcholine derived compound found to be released by bronchial epithelial cells. Stearoyl L-α-Lysolecithin have also been utilized in the development of liposomes and michelles by drug transdermal delivery devices.<br>References Zhuge, Y., et al.: Allergy Asthma Immunol Res., 6, 66 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ursodeoxycholic Acid EP Impurity A<br>Applications Chenodeoxycholic Acid (Ursodeoxycholic Acid EP Impurity A) is a major bile acid in many vertebrates, occurring as the N-glycine and/or N-taurine conjugate. With other bile acids, forms mixed micelles with lecithin in bile which solubilize cholesterol and thus facilitates its excretion. Facilitates fat absorption in the small intestine by micellar solubilization of fatty acids and monoglycerides. Anticholelithogenic. Epimeric with Ursodiol.<br>References Danzinger, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 286, 1 (1972), Iser, J.H., et al.: Drugs, 21, 90 (1981), Tint, G.S., et al.: Gastroenterology, 91, 1007 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzidine-d8 is involved in the enhancements in ion abundances in high-performance liquid chromatography, thus improving chromatography efficiency and particle-beam process.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bellar, T. A., et al.: J. Am. Soc. Mass. Spectrom., 1, 92-8 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Accumulation and excretion of 2-Hydroxyhexanedioic Acid (with 2-ketoadipic and 2-aminoadipic) in urine can be caused by 2-ketoadipic acidemia, probably without adverse phenotypic effects , due to deficiency of 2-ketoadipic dehydrogenase.<br>References Svendsen, J., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 337, 9 (1985); Przyrembel, H., et al.: Clin. Chim. Acta 58, 257 (1975).<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl β-D-Thiogalactopyranoside (cas# 56245-60-4) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>