Glycoscience

<p>Hexaacetylchitohexaose is a hexamer of N-acetylgucosamine subunits which are linked by β-(1,4)-glucosidic bonds. N-acetylgucosamine is the monomeric unit of the natural polymer chitin which is degraded by chitinases, in mammals, to form smaller fragments that can induce an immune response. Like chitin and some of its derivatives, hexaacetylchitohexaose is a substrate of lysozymes. Hexaacetylchitohexaose has been shown to significantly inhibit tumour growth in mice by the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells.</p>

<p>(+)-syringaresinol-4,4'-bis-O-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound that is fluorinated with (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)trimethylsilane. It is a sugar molecule that is an oligosaccharide. This compound has been synthesized from syringic acid and (+)-syringaresinol by glycosylation and methylation. It is insoluble in water and has a melting point of 129°C. The CAS number for this compound is 73987-07-8.</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2,3-di-O-pivaloyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a modification of the sugar mannose. It is a complex carbohydrate that typically occurs as a component of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The synthesis of this compound can be customized to meet your specific needs. This product has been shown to have high purity and is CAS No. 203525-84-8.<br>Methyl 4,6-O-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2,3-di-O-pivaloyl-aD Mannopyranoside is a monosaccharide that has been methylated at the 4 position with an oxygen atom from methanol in order to produce a reactive methyl group for glycosylation or polysaccharide formation. This modification can also be fluorinated</p>

<p>Building block for the synthesis of 2'-€‹C-€‹methyl substituted nucleosides</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-acetyl-L-arabinofuranosyl fluoride is a monosaccharide sugar that has been fluorinated. It is a custom synthesis of methylation and click modification. The CAS number for this product is 565-64-8. This product has been modified to make it more resistant to degradation by enzymes such as alpha amylase and beta amylase. It is also used for polysaccharide synthesis and saccharides with higher purity than other products on the market. This product is synthesized from natural sources, making it high in purity and suitable for use in food production.END&gt;</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3,4-di-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylated, complex carbohydrate with a methylated and fluorinated saccharide. This product is available for custom synthesis and can be ordered in high purity.</p>

<p>The compound is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate. The product is custom synthesized and has been modified by fluorination. It is a high purity, synthetic monosaccharide sugar that is methylated.</p>

<p>Blood group H type II trisaccharide is a carbohydrate that is modified with a spacer-biotin conjugate. It can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides. This product has been fluorinated, has high purity, and is custom synthesized to order. The product also has methylation, glycosylation, and click modification.</p>

<p>2-O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-galactopyranose is a synthetic monosaccharide that can be used as a glycosylate building block in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It has been fluorinated, methylated, and click modified. This high purity material is available for custom synthesis. 2-O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-galactopyranose is also known by its CAS number 7368-73-2.</p>

<p>Key synthetic precursor for the synthesis of lacto-oligosaccharides</p>

<p>b-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium salt is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. It is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6P2Na2. It has a molecular weight of 348.08 g/mol.</p>

<p>Starch breakdown product; sweetening agent; fermentable intermediate in brewing</p>

<p>Alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) derivative with a hydrophilic exterior and lipophilic cavity (smaller than β-CDs and γ-CDs) to allocate certain guest molecules. This structural characteristic enables applications in molecular encapsulation, solubility enhancement, and stabilization across multiple industries. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a drug delivery vehicle, enhancing the bioavailability and stability of active ingredients. The food industry utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, as well as a functional ingredient for its effects on lipid metabolism. In cosmetics, it acts as a complex agent for fragrances and active components. Its applications extend to analytical chemistry for chiral separation and to materials science for developing smart materials and nanosystems.</p>

<p>2-C-Methyl-3,5-O-(di-tert.butylsilylidene)-D-xylono-1.4-lactone is a synthetic, fluorinated oligosaccharide that is custom synthesized with high purity and a CAS Number. It has been modified with a click chemistry reaction to create an Oligosaccharide sugar. This complex carbohydrate can be used in the synthesis of glycosylation reactions, methylation reactions and monosaccharide reactions.</p>

<p>Starting material for chiral-pool based organic synthesis</p>

<p>A uronic acid analogue of galactose</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3,4-di-O-benzyl-2,6-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D -mannopyranoside is a synthetic glycoside that can be custom synthesized to order. It is considered to be of high purity with a CAS number 58314−10−1. This product has been fluorinated and glycosylated and is synthetically produced. 4MPBP has the following modifications: methylation, modification, and glycosylation. 4MPBP is an oligosaccharide that is composed of saccharides and a complex carbohydrate.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-4-O-levulinoyl-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-tert butyldimethylsilyl 3,O benzyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of a synthetic oligosaccharide. This glycosylation product is soluble in water and has CAS No. of 81238.</p>

<p>Hesperetin 7-O-b-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of hesperetin, a flavonoid primarily sourced from citrus fruits. This compound is formed through the glucuronidation process, a metabolic pathway that modifies hesperetin to enhance its solubility and facilitate its excretion from the human body. Hesperetin 7-O-b-D-glucuronide exerts biological effects through various modes of action, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. It is thought to scavenge free radicals and modulate inflammatory pathways by inhibiting specific enzymes and cytokines.In scientific research, Hesperetin 7-O-b-D-glucuronide is studied for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly its role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases. It has garnered attention in the context of cardiovascular health, neuroprotection, and metabolic disorders. The exploration of its bioavailability and specific interactions at the molecular level continues to provide insights into its promising applications in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Researchers investigate its efficacy and safety to better understand its potential role in disease prevention and therapy.</p>

<p>D-Galactosamine-1-phosphate is a precursor of UDP-glucose and is used in the synthesis of fatty acids. D-Galactosamine-1-phosphate is synthesized by the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which catalyzes the reaction between UDP and D-galactose. It is expressed in strains that have been engineered to produce recombinant proteins. This product can be produced in vitro by a number of methods, including enzymatic or chemical synthesis. The enzyme activity of D-galactosamine 1 phosphate synthase is temperature dependent, with optimal activity at 40°C. This product has been shown to inhibit hepatitis virus production and lipid formation in vitro.</p>

<p>A fucan sulphate found in brown marine algae (Phaeophyta-typically Fucus vesiculotus, Ascophyllum nodosum (illustrated), Alaria and Cladosiphon) and has been shown to have anticoagulant activity. The main constituents are α-1,4 and α-1,2 linked L-fucose sulphates although galactose also occurs and there are many variations of the basic structure found in different species of Phaeophyta.Molecular weight cut off at 300kDa.The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-erythronolactone is a chromophore that has been synthesised. It is a chiral heterocycle with an anion linker and a boron trifluoride etherate group. The carbon chain of 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythronolactone has been found to be essential for its antibacterial activity against tuberculosis. This compound binds to the adenosine receptor in the bacterial cell membrane and inhibits bacterial growth.</p>

<p>D-Erythrulose is a sugar that can be synthesized from the chemical structures of glycolaldehyde and carbonyl group. It can also be produced by hydrolysis of erythritol, which is found in plant cell walls. D-Erythrulose has been used as an alternative to glucose for fermentation processes because it does not inhibit the growth of most bacteria. D-Erythrulose has been shown to increase ATP levels in Escherichia coli K-12 cells and to affect the activities of enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and enolase. The metabolic pathways that produce D-erythrulose are found in many organisms, including Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brucella melitensis, and Brucella suis.</p>

<p>3-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-mannopyranose is a disaccharide that is part of the glycosaminoglycan family. It has an antigenic epitope that is recognized by antibodies, which are found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. 3-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-mannopyranose is also known as glucosamine.</p>

<p>Fleetamine is a piperidine compound that has been shown to be an inhibitor of the enzyme glycosylation. Inhibitors of glycosylation are useful for treating diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. It is thought that Fleetamine may inhibit human glycosylating enzymes, such as glucosyl transferase, which catalyzes the addition of a glucose molecule to a protein. This inhibition prevents the formation of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which are necessary for proper functioning of cells.</p>

<p>3-O-Allyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-galactofuranose is a synthetic glycoside that can be custom synthesized. It is a fluorinated monosaccharide that reacts with an allyl group to form an allyl glycoside. This modification increases the solubility of the molecule and can make it soluble in organic solvents. 3-O-Allyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene α D galactofuranose is used to modify saccharides or complex carbohydrates for use in research.</p>

<p>Emodin is a natural product that can be extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma aromatica, a chinese herb. It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal studies and has been used as an adjuvant in the treatment of cervical cancer. Emodin also inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Emodin is also active against microbial infection, including bacterial infections, such as those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and viral infections, such as influenza A virus. The main mechanism of action of emodin is its inhibition of DNA synthesis by binding to viral dna or bacterial rna polymerase. Emodin has also been found to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes. This drug binds to urea nitrogen molecules in bacteria and disrupts their growth by inhibiting protein synthesis.</p>

<p>1,5-Di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-ribofuranose is a sugar that can be modified for various purposes. It is a synthetic sugar with a CAS number of 141979-56-8. The compound has fluoroquinolone resistance and is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product can be custom synthesized. It has high purity and a modification of methylation or monosaccharide click modification. It also has complex carbohydrate properties.</p>

<p>N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt is present in various natural sources, including glycoproteins and glycolipids found in animal tissues. As a sialic acid, N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt plays a critical role in cellular recognition processes due to its involvement in the terminal position of glycan chains. This position allows it to participate in cellular communication, influencing processes like cell adhesion and pathogen interactions.The compound is extensively utilized in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology, primarily for studies concerning cell surface glycoconjugates. Its ability to modulate interactions at the cell surface makes it invaluable for research into mechanisms of infection, immunity, and cell signaling. Additionally, N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt finds applications in pharmaceutical research, particularly in the development of antiviral drugs where modulation of sialic acid interactions is key. The compound’s biochemical properties enable scientists to explore and elucidate complex biological phenomena, contributing to advances in therapeutic strategies and molecular pathology.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde is an acetal protected glyceraldehyde building block for use in organic chemistry. The aldehyde group of 2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde is left unprotected which allows for a range of reactions to be performed. These include aldol condensations, olefinations, Grignard reactions and imine formation, including reductive amination.</p>

<p>3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal is a phosphate derivative that is synthetically derived from ethyl diazoacetate. It has cytotoxic properties and is readily activated by phosphorylation to form the active form. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal has been shown to be effective against leukemia cells in vitro and may be useful as an adjuvant treatment for lymphocytic leukemia. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal also inhibits the growth of staphylococci in vitro, but it is not active against other bacteria such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The enantiomer of 3,4 Di O acetyl - L - fucal is inactive because it cannot be phosphorylated.</p>

<p>Apogossypol is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that has been shown to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that apogossypol inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, which are compounds that can cause inflammation. Apogossypol also has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in cancer cells, which is a programmed cell death process. Apogossypol may be useful as an anticancer agent due to its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit inflammation in cancer cells.</p>

<p>L-Glucurono-3,6-lactone is an acetonide that is a derivative of L-glucose. L-Glucurono-3,6-lactone can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-a-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthetic sugar that is modified with fluorination and methylation. It is used as a building block for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycosylations. This compound has been used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and saccharides.</p>

<p>Pustulan is a β-1,6-glucan isolated from Lasallia pustulata MW (20 kDa). It is recognized by the membrane bound Dectin-1, a C-type lectin-like pattern recognition receptor. Detection of β-glucans by Dectin-1 receptor leads to the CARD9-dependent activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases.  Studies have shown that pustulan can stimulate innate immune responses, inducing heat shock protein expression, eliciting phagocytosis, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.<br>The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of β-galactosidase</p>

<p>2-O-Hydroxyethyl-D-glucose is a synthesised compound that has been glycosidically linked to the glucoside. This compound is an intramolecular glucoside with a bicyclic structure. It can be used in the synthesis of other compounds, such as 3-o-hydroxypropyl-D-glucose, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>2,5-Anhydro-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol is a nucleoside analog that has been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other bacterial strains. It inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to the thymine moiety in the helix, which blocks access of thymine to the enzyme DNA polymerase. 2,5-Anhydro-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol also inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to the ribose moiety in nucleotides and blocking access of ribose to enzymes involved in the process. This compound is used as an immunosuppressant for organ transplantation in humans.</p>

<p>Ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a natural sugar that is used in the food industry as a flavoring agent.</p>

<p>A sulfated GalNAc analogue</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose is a sugar that is found in the genus Talaromyces and is used as a sweetener. It is produced by plant cells and has been shown to have thermostability. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose has been found to have lipidomic activity, which may be related to its ability to bind lipids. It also has a dietary profile, which may contribute to its use as a supplement. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose can be used as an affinity agent for lipid profiling because it binds lipids with high affinity.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-mannopyranose is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is a modified form of the natural sugar mannose that has been fluorinated. This modification gives 2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy--b--D--mannopyranose an increased resistance to degradation by enzymes. The CAS number for this compound is 6730–10–5.</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a hexadecanoic acid that is mediated by the target cell. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and cancer cells in vitro. Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside also possesses an antibacterial activity with a low mammalian toxicity. This compound is hydrolyzed by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduced by glutathione reductase, or conjugated with glucuronic acid. The residue of this compound has been shown to be carcinogenic in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer activity of this compound may be due to its ability to disrupt DNA synthesis and induce apoptosis of cancer cells.</p>

<p>Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin.  The polysaccharide is deacetylated in order to render it soluble, which is then possible at pH values of less than 7 (normally in dilute acid).  This then allows the material to be used in a number of industrial applications as a binder and film former.MW typically 10-100kDa.</p>

<p>1-Octylamino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol is a natural product that is extracted from the bark of the tree Streptomyces griseorubens. It has been shown to have a diastereomeric ratio of 97:3 and an optical purity of 98%. The thermodynamic properties of this compound are determined by the reaction time, which can vary from 1 to 24 hours. The enantiomers are separated by chromatography or crystallization, and the solubility data is determined at 25°C.</p>

<p>3,5-Di-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-2,2-difluoro-D-ribonic acid-1,4-lactone (3DBR) is a nucleoside that has been shown to have antiaging properties. It has been found to be an effective scavenger of peroxyl radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). 3DBR also inhibits the formation of aluminum oxide and styrene by catalyzing the salt formation reaction. This compound also has anti-tumour activity and can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer. It is heat resistant and can be combined with gemcitabine hydrochloride in chemotherapy.</p>

<p>Galactose (Gal) is the C4 epimer of glucose with one hydroxyl group axial which by Hudsons rules makes it slightly less stable than glucose (Hudson, 1948). However, galactose is very common in plants and animals, and occurs in many polysaccharides, such as, galactomannans (e.g. Guar, Locust Bean Gum), Carrageenans , Agar (L-Galactose), Hemicellulose, Gum Arabic [link] and galactans (e.g. from Lupin) (Whistler, 1993). Galactose is one of the key mammalian monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine and sialic acid) and it occurs in blood, milk, gangliosides, N- and O-linked glycans (Gabius, 2009). Like glucose, galactose exhibits mutarotation (Acree, 1968) and is optically active (dextrorotary) with L-galactose as its enantiomer (levorotary).</p>

<p>Perseitol is a nutrient solution that contains fatty acids and is used in tissue culture to supplement the growth of cells. It can be used as a substitute for animal serum, which is usually derived from bovine or porcine sources. Perseitol provides all essential components required for cell growth, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and lipids. Perseitol is also used in vitro assay systems to determine the redox potential of substances. This solution has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>5-Deoxy-5-dimethylamino-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-xylofuranose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is used as a synthetic building block for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is used in glycosylation reactions to introduce fluoride at the anomeric carbon. 5-Deoxy-5-dimethylamino-1,2-O-isopropylidene is also used in click modification reactions to modify methyl groups. The CAS number for 5DDAIWF is 14514743. 9. This product has high purity with a purity of greater than 99%.</p>

<p>Thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside is a bactericidal agent that is resistant to encapsulation. It has been shown to be effective against animals and typhimurium in an incubated population and endogenous deaminase inhibitor strategy. The porcine activated food chemistry and abattoir experiments show that thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside has the potential to reduce populations of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting protein synthesis.</p>

<p>Natural sweetener; vasodilator</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotriose is a pentose sugar that is the main component of hemicellulose. It is found in plant cell walls and has been studied using surface methodology to determine the covalent linkages and structure of 1,4-β-D-Xylotriose. Xylotrioses are also used as a substrate for enzyme reactions and have shown to have a number of enzymatic activities, including glycosidases, cellulases, xylanases, and arabinofuranosidases. Xylotrioses are also part of complex enzyme models that can be used to study disulfide bonds. Xylotrioses are polymers that are important for structural analysis due to the presence of β-1,4 links. The genome DNA has been found to contain many genes coding for xylanase enzymes.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-benzyl-6-O-triisopropylsilyl-b-D-galactopyranose is a synthetic compound that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is a methylated derivative of galactose. The silyl protecting group on the benzyl side chain can be removed by hydrolysis with acid to give 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-(hydroxymethyl)galactopyranose. This product can be converted to 1-(2,3,4,-trihydroxypropoxy)-2-(1,1'-biphenyl)-6H-thiopyran using click chemistry. The hydroxymethyl group on position 4 can be fluorinated at the 4' position to give 1-(2',3',4'-trihydroxyprop</p>

<p>Ethyl 2-O-benzyl-4-O-benzyl-3-O-levulinoyl-b-D-thioglucuronide methyl ester is a custom synthesis, modification, fluorination, methylation and glycosylation of an oligosaccharide. This compound is a synthetic derivative of the natural product bryostatin. The chemical structure contains a monosaccharide that is modified with two benzoyl groups and one levulinoyl group at the C2 position. Ethyl 2-O-benzoyl-4-O-benzyl-3-O-levulinoyl -b D thioglucuronide methyl ester has been shown to have antiviral properties and can be used as an antiinflammatory agent.</p>

<p>Zeta-cyclodextrin (ζ-CD) consists of 11 glucose units. Its larger cavity size offers potential for encapsulating larger guest molecules or forming more complex inclusion compounds.</p>

<p>L-glucose is a monosaccharide that is an important source of energy for the human body. The glucose molecule consists of 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms. Glucose enters cells with the help of insulin and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. It has been shown that L-glucose can inhibit viral replication in vitro, such as HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). L-Glucose may be used to treat squamous carcinoma by reducing the redox potential in cancer cells. L-Glucose inhibits the growth of c. glabrata by inhibiting transcription activators and enzymes involved in glycolysis. L-Glucose also has hypoglycemic effects on humans by reducing cortisol concentrations in human serum.</p>

<p>Eugenol-glucuronide is an indirubin analog that has been found to have potent anticancer properties. It acts as a kinase inhibitor, blocking the activity of proteins that are involved in cancer cell growth and proliferation. Eugenol-glucuronide induces apoptosis, a process by which damaged or abnormal cells are eliminated from the body. It has been shown to be effective against human and Chinese hamster ovary tumor cells in vitro. This medicinal compound is excreted in urine and has potential for use in cancer treatment as an inhibitor of tumor growth.</p>

<p>Predominant glycosylated metabolite of Salicylic Acid</p>

<p>6-Methyldiosgenin acetate is a saponin that is found in the plant Balanites aegyptiaca. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, as well as antioxidant properties. 6-Methyldiosgenin acetate also has been shown to stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelial cells, which may contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. The chemical structure of 6-methyldiosgenin acetate is similar to that of furostanol and spirostanol, which are both saponins found in plants that can be used for the treatment of cancer. In addition, sapogenols are known to have a variety of therapeutic activities including antidiabetic, antiviral and anticancer activity.</p>

<p>Pregnanediol 3α-O-β-D-glucuronide is a glucuronide metabolite of progesterone, which is a key steroid hormone in the reproductive system. This compound is derived from the metabolic conversion of progesterone, primarily within the liver, where it undergoes glucuronidation. This process involves the addition of glucuronic acid, mediated by the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, enhancing the compound’s solubility for renal excretion.</p>

<p>6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose is a sugar that is used to study the function of glucose transporters in cellular membranes. This compound has been shown to be a substrate for glucose transporters, where it binds in a nucleophilic manner. 6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose has been used as an inhibitor of glucose transport and as an x-ray crystal structure model for studying the binding mechanism of glucose transporters. 6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose has also been used to study the reaction system between glucose and sodium hydrogen carbonate, which is important for understanding how cells regulate blood sugar levels.</p>

<p>4-Bromophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis product. It has been modified with fluorination, methylation and click modification. This product is an oligosaccharide which can be used for saccharide or polysaccharide synthesis. The purity of this product is high and it has been synthesized from a monosaccharide.</p>

<p>6'-O-Sulfated Lewis X is a synthetic, sulfated, monosaccharide that is modified with fluorine and methyl groups. It is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. 6'-O-Sulfated Lewis X has been found to be effective in the prevention of glycosylation and sugar formation. This compound can also be used for click modification, as well as for modifying proteins or DNA. The CAS number is 59037-07-4.</p>

<p>Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that can be found in some plants, including berries and corn husks. It is also produced by the body during normal metabolism. Xylitol has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against aerobacter aerogenes, a bacterium that inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract. Xylitol inhibits bacterial growth by binding to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, which prevents the conversion of glucose into energy for cell growth and reproduction. Xylitol also affects the water balance of cells by inhibiting their ability to extract water vapor from their environment. Xylitol is metabolized by a number of bacteria strains, which leads to the production of hydrogen peroxide or xylose as an end product. The biochemical properties of xylitol are still being researched and it is not yet known how this compound interacts with other biological compounds.</p>

<p>b-Lactopyranosyl phenylisothiocyanate is a synthetic carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorine, methylation, glycosylation, and click chemistry. It is used in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. This compound can also be used to modify saccharides or oligosaccharides with fluorine, methylation, glycosylations, or click chemistry.</p>

<p>High purity grade.  Used in synthetic organic chemistry and natural product synthesis. Induces apoptosis by inhibiting the synthesis and increasing the efflux of glutathione. It is used for synthesis of optically active dipyrrolyl alkanols from pyrroles on the surface of montmorillonite KSF clay.Due to its integral role in the formation of DNA, 2-Deoxy-D-ribose is critical in studies of genetic expression, DNA repair mechanisms, and the synthesis of nucleotides. Researchers utilize it extensively in molecular biology and biochemistry to understand cell replication and gene function, and it serves as a standard in research pertaining to oxidative stress, where its degradation may indicate the presence of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, it is involved in the development of various pharmacological agents, particularly those targeting cancer and viral infections, where the synthesis and function of DNA are pivotal aspects of pathogenesis and treatment response.</p>

<p>4-Methylphenyl 4,6-O-[bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)silylene]-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside is a synthetic sugar that is used in the glycosylation of proteins. It is synthesized from 4-methylphenol and 1,1'-dimethylethylsilylene in the presence of trichlorosilane, followed by silylation with trimethylchlorosilane. The fluorinated site can be modified to suit your needs by following a Click chemistry protocol. This product has CAS No. 1242144-05-3 and is available for custom synthesis upon request.</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-arabinofuranosyl bromide is a glycosylation reagent that can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. It is also used to modify sugars with methyl and fluorination reagents. 2,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-arabinofuranosyl bromide has CAS number 434868 9.</p>

<p>4'-Sulfated Lewis X methyl glycoside sodium is a synthetic monosaccharide. It is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This compound can be fluorinated to produce 4'-fluoro-4'-sulfated Lewis X methyl glycoside sodium. The sulfate group on this compound can be replaced with other groups such as carboxyl, cyano, nitro, and acetyl.</p>

<p>Propofol-4-Hydroxy-4-D-glucuronide is a fluorinated monosaccharide that has been synthesized using the glycosylation, polysaccharide and modification methods. This compound is a custom synthesis that has been modified with methylation and click chemistry. The CAS number for this product is 54910-87-6. This product is a complex carbohydrate with high purity.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a modified sugar. It can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product is stable to organic solvents and has high purity. Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside can be fluorinated by reacting with hydrogen fluoride gas to produce methyl 2,3,4-[tri(trifluoromethyl)oxy]benzyl β D glucopyranoside. The product is also available in the form of click modification (a type of chemical modification). Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β D glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that is CAS No. 435680 3.</p>

<p>A gallotannin found in plants, with various biological activities. Its anti-cancer effect has been demonstrated in several cancer cell lines, mediated by inhibition of DNA replication, proliferation and angiogenesis. Elicits anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-diabetic effects. Recently, it has been identified as an inhibitor of c-Myc in hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma cells.</p>

<p>(4S,5R)-4,5-Dihydroxyhexanal is a conjugate of 4-hydroxy-5-oxononanoic acid and phosphite. It is a hybridized molecule that has been synthesized using an asymmetric synthesis. (4S,5R)-4,5-Dihydroxyhexanal can be used as an analog for digitalis. The compound has the ability to activate cardiac glycoside receptors in the heart and increase the force of contraction of cardiac muscle cells. The effective dose for this drug is not yet known, although it has been shown to have cardiotonic steroid properties.</p>

<p>D-Glucuronic acid, sodium salt monohydrate is a chromatographic standard. It is used to measure the hydrophilicity of a sample and its interaction with proteins. In addition, it can be used as an immunomodulator. D-Glucuronic acid, sodium salt monohydrate has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The acidic nature of this compound may play a role in its membrane system interactions with lysine residues on protein surfaces.</p>

<p>2-O-Acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate is a custom synthesis. It is a modified oligosaccharide with a fluorinated carbon atom in the 2 position of the acetyl group. This chemical has been shown to be effective for click modification and glycosylation reactions. The CAS number for this chemical is 108869-64-3.</p>

<p>1,2-Di-O-acetyl-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-5-O-toluoyl-a-D-ribofuranose is a fluorinated sugar molecule. It is a methylated saccharide that has been modified with click chemistry and glycosylation. The modified sugar can be used to synthesize a variety of complex carbohydrates including oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product is available in high purity with CAS No. 1884324-99-5.</p>

<p>Ethyl 2-deoxy-2-[(trichloroacetyl)amino]-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be modified to the desired specification. The desired modification can be fluorination, methylation, or click chemistry. Ethyl 2-deoxy-2-[(trichloroacetyl)amino]-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is a monosaccharide with a CAS number of 635684-80-9.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-galactopyranosyl azide including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>1-O-Methyl-β-D-glucuronic acid is a β-glucuronidase inducer.</p>

<p>Building block for 3-O-modified glucosylamide-linked glyconconjugates</p>

<p>N-acetyl D-galactosamine (GalNAc) is an aldohexose (2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactose) in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by a N-acetyl group (Collins, 2006). GalNAc forms a key part of both N- and O-linked glycoproteins, glycolipids, gangliosides, blood groups, glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin and dermatan sulfate) and human milk oligosaccharides. The number of GalNAc residues attached to the IgA O-linked glycans of Crohns Disease patients was significantly decreased, and strongly correlated with clinical activity. It is suggested that alterations of GalNAc attachment in IgA may be useful as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker of Crohns Disease (Inoue, 2012).</p>

<p>N-acetyl D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is an aldohexose (2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucose) in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by NHAc (Collins, 2006). N-acetyl D-glucosamine forms the exoskeletons of molluscs and insects as the building block of the polysaccharide chitin (Rudrapatnam, 2003). N-acetyl D-glucosamine is a key component of N- and O-linked glycans, present in glycolipids and the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (Fallacara, 2018). A recent study has suggested that N-acetyl D-glucosamine may have therapeutic potential for COVID-19 as it affects the spike protein-ACE2 receptor interaction during the infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus (Baysal, 2021).</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-1-O-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-D-ribofuranose is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and glycosylations. This compound has been modified with methylation and fluorination reactions. It has CAS No. 108392-15-0 and is available in high purity.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylation product of the polysaccharide mannan. It is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of about 675 Da and a degree of polymerization of about ten. The monosaccharide units are D-glucose, D-mannose and D-galactose. Methyl 2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-(4methoxybenzylidene)-a -D -mannopyranoside can be synthesized by the Click reaction in combination with fluorination or saccharification. Methyl 2,3 -di -O -benzoyl -4 ,6 O ( 4 methoxybenzylidene) a -D man</p>

<p>Chondroitin sulphate consists of a repeating disaccharide of [-l-beta)-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid-(l-3)-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 ]. It differs from hyaluronic acid by having D-galactosamine instead of D-glucosamine in the second residue of the repeating disaccharide unit. It also has O-sulfate groups attached to the monosaccharide residues. There are two kinds of chondroitin sulphates, with the sulfate group esterified to the hydroxyl group at ei¬ther C-4 or C-6 of the N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose unit. These two sulphated polysaccharides occur separately or in mixtures, depending on the tissue. The chondroitin sulphates are major components of cartilage. Chondroitin sulphates are found in animal and fish cornea of the eye, the aorta, skin, and lung tissue, where they are located between fibrous protein molecules and provide a soft, pliable texture.</p>

<p>2,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl bromide is a custom synthesis made by Modification of the chemical structure of a natural sugar. It is Fluorinated, Methylated and Monosaccharide with Synthetic Click modification and Oligosaccharide. The CAS number for this compound is 34339-69-0. This compound has many uses including being a Carbohydrate that can be used as a Complex carbohydrate for various purposes.</p>

<p>4-(4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(E)-buten-2-one-1-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione is a custom synthesis that can be modified to include fluorination, methylation, and monosaccharide modifications. This molecule has been shown to have click modification and oligosaccharide modifications with saccharides. It is a polysaccharide that is glycosylated with carbohydrate.</p>

<p>2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-arabinofuranose-1-phosphate is a synthetic sugar that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharide derivatives. It has been shown to be a promising candidate for Click modification, as well as fluorination, glycosylation, methylation, and other modifications. This sugar can be found under CAS No. 131069-06-6.</p>

<p>Methyl 6-O-tert.butyldiphenylsilyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is an organic chemical compound that belongs to the class of sugar derivatives. This substance is a high purity, custom synthesis and can be modified by fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. The CAS number for this substance is 52793-71-0.<br>Methyl 6-O-tert.butyldiphenylsilyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is an oligosaccharide with a molecular formula of C14H21NO4S and a molecular weight of 299.38 g/mol. It has a monosaccharide sequence of D -Galp1,6(Galp)2,3GlcNAc(Galp)2,4GlcNAc(Galp)2,5GlcNAc(Galp)2</p>

<p>Intermediate in the synthesis of Decitabine</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-3-fluoro-neuraminic acid sodium (AFNA) is an inhibitor that binds to the terminal sialic acid residue of the glycoprotein neuraminidase in influenza viruses, preventing the virus from attaching to cells. AFNA is a fluorinated derivative of mannosamine and is synthesized by reacting an aldolase with sulfur trifluoride. AFNA has been shown to inhibit sialidases and utilising enzymes, which are necessary for viral replication. AFNA also inhibits bacterial sialidases, which are required for the synthesis of cell wall components.</p>

<p>Benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a sugar compound that is used in the synthesis of glycosides. It is a custom synthesized, high purity product that can be methylated and glycosylated. The CAS number for this product is 40983-94-6.</p>