Purines and Pyrimidine Derivatives

<p>Applications Benzofuran-6-carboxylic Acid is a reagent in the development of potent LFA-1/ICAM antagonist SAR 118 as an opthalmic solution for treating dry eyes. Preparation of piperidinylpyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 LTR activation.<br>References Zhong, M., et al.: ACS Med. Chem., 3, 203 (2012); Fujiwara, N., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 9804 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Febuxostat (F229000), a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of Xanthin Oxidase.<br>References Grabowski, B., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 51, 189 (2011); Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications m-Hydroxyhippuric Acid-13C2, 15N is labelled m-Hydroxyhippuric Acid (H943125) which is a metabolite of caffeic and chlorogenic acids in human.<br>References Booth, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 229, 51 (1957); Gonthier, M., et al.: Biomed. Pharmacother., 60, 536 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications A selective A2A adenosine receptor agonist in myocardial imaging.<br>References Palle, V.P., et al.: J. A. Drug Dev. Res., 50, 64 (2000), Gordi, T., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 47, 825 (2007), Zhao, G., et al.: J. Cardiovas. Pharmacol., 52, 467 (2008), Botvinick, E., et al.: J. Nuc. Med. Technol., 37, 14 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications [[(1R)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-methylethoxy]methyl]monophenylester is an antiviral agent and a Tenofovir (T018500) intermediate. Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor, used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005); Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006); Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Oxo-(S,S)-Palonosetron is an impurity of (S,S)-Palonosetron (P165800), a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Antiemetic.<br>References Clark, R.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 2645 (1993), Wong, E.H.F., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 114, 851 (1995), Grunberg, S.M., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 4, 2297 (2003), Eisenberg, P., et al.: Ann. Oncol., 15, 330 (2004), Siddiqui, M.A.A., et al.: Drugs, 64, 1125 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Caffeidine Acid is a degradation compound of Caffeine (C080100), which is a central nervous system stimulant.<br>References Kigasawa, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 22, 2448 (1974); Peinhardt, G.: Pharmazie, 46, 812 (1991); Kumar, R., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 13, 2179 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-6-amino-9-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine (cas# 79999-39-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-13C-Uric Acid is the labeled analogue of Uric Acid (U829200), a heterocyclcic compound that is created when purine nucleotides are broken down of by the human body. High blood concetration of Uric Acid is known as hyperuricemia and is often associated with a wide range of disorders and medical conditions such as gout, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Uric acid may be a marker of oxidative stress and may have a potential therapeutic role as an antioxidant.<br>References Heinig, M. et al.: Cle. Clin. J. Med., 73, 1059 (2006); Glantzounis, G.K. et al.: Curr. Pharmac. Des., 11, 4145 (2005); Dehghan, A. et al.: Diab. Care, 31, 361 (2008); Nakagawa, T. et al.: Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 290, F625 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Pyrimidinemethanamine (cas# 75985-45-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,11b-Dedihydrotetrabenazine is a product of photolytic degradation of Tetrabenazine (T284000) which is a dopamine depleting agent.<br>References Bourezg, Z., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed., 91, 138 (2014); Schwartz, et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 15, 645 (1966); Janovic, J., et al.: Ann. Neurol., 11, 41 (1982); Janovic, J., et al.: Neurology, 38, 391 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Temozolomide.<br>References Jaeken, J., et al.: Lancet, 2, 1058 (1984), Baggott, J., et al.: Biochem. J., 236, 193 (1986), Baggott, J., et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 135, 813 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methotrexate-d3 Pentaglutamate is the isotope labelled analog of Methotrexate Pentaglutamate (M260735); a metabolite of Methotrexate (M260675) which is a folic acid antagonist, antineoplastic, and antirheumatic.<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958); Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications One of the unknown impurities generated during the accelerated stability storage of Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets. Clopidogrel impurity.<br>References Gomez, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 34, 341 (2004), Ksycinska, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 533 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Caffeine-D10 is the labeled compound of Caffeine(C080100). Caffeine (Pentoxifylline EP Impurity F) is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (1,2,3). Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses. Caffeine is a non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (3).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications 4-[2-(4-Chlorobutylidene)hydrazinyl]-N-methylbenzenemethanesulfonamide is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-methyl-1H-indole-5-methanesulfonamide (Didesmethyl Sumatriptan) (Sumatriptan EP Impurity E) (A609165), which is an antimigraine agent. A Sumatriptan intermediate.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications 1-Methyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (cas# 17750-23-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Degradation product of Sumatriptan Succinate (S810000).<br>References Xu, X. et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. 367, 26 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Descyano Febuxostat Ethyl Ester is an impurity of Febuxostat (F229000), a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. 40-120 mg/day febuxostat was proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.<br>References Vallu, V., et. al.: Anal. Chem. Indian J., 14, 339 (2014); Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir Dimer is a dimer of Tenofovir (T018500). Tenofovir is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A nicotinic acid derivative for prevention and treatment of cancer by activating RUNX3 gene.<br>References Ludwig, et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 2470 (1990), Gupta., et al.: Biomed. Environ. Sci., 13,122 (2000), Cai., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 2474 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound F<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (N,N-Dimethyl-1-butanamine) Zolmitriptan Dimer (Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound F) is an impurity from the synthesis of Zolmitriptan (Z639000). Zolmitriptan is a Serotonin 5HTID-receptor agonist.<br>References Glen, R.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3566 (1995), Seaber, E., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 41, 141 (1996), Tepper, S.J., et al.: Curr. Med. Res. Opin., 15, 254 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications rac-Clopidogrel Carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is a salt metabolite of rac-Clopidogrel.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Sumatriptan EP Impurity D<br>Stability Hygroscopic, Unstable in DMSO<br>Applications Sumatriptan N-Oxide (Sumatriptan EP Impurity D) is the degradation product of the antimigraine drug Sumatriptan (S810000).<br>References Xu, X. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 26, 367 (2001); Cheng, K.N. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 17, 399 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl p-Toluenesulfonyloxymethylphosphonate is an antiviral agent and a Tenofovir (T018500) intermediate. Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Methotrexate Hexaglutamate is a metabolite of Methotrexate (M260675); a folic acid antagonist, antineoplastic, and antirheumatic.<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958); Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Carboxy-2'-deoxyuridine, is a derivative of Trifluridine, an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug, used primarily on the eye.<br>References Kuster, P., et al.: CLAO J. 24(2), 122 (1998); O’Brien, W., Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci., 32 (9), 2455 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Methotrexate intermediate.<br>References Feng, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 770 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Pemetrexed L-Glutamic acid is an impurity of Pemetrexed (P219500). Pemetrexed impurity D.<br></p>

<p>Applications Febuxostat 67M-2 is a derivative compound of Febuxostat 67M-1 (F229005) which is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. It reduces uric acid production in the body and also used to reduce the risk of gout or kidney stone formation.<br>References Du, J., et al.: Handbook of Metabolic Pathways of Xenobiotics, 4, 1395 (2014)<br></p>