Purines and Pyrimidine Derivatives

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir Dimer is a dimer of Tenofovir (T018500). Tenofovir is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Hydroxyurea. An anti-neoplastic - inhibits ribonucleoside reductase and DNA replication. A potential therapy for sickle cell anemia which involves the nitrosylation of sickle cell hemoglobin. Horseradish peroxidase catalyzes nitric oxide formation from hydroxyurea in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.<br>References Ratcliffe, W., et al.: Lancet, 339, 164 (1992), Roodman, G., et al.: Cancer, 80, 1557 (1997), Horwitz, M., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2003, 88, 1603 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Oxo-(S,S)-Palonosetron is an impurity of (S,S)-Palonosetron (P165800), a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Antiemetic.<br>References Clark, R.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 2645 (1993), Wong, E.H.F., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 114, 851 (1995), Grunberg, S.M., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 4, 2297 (2003), Eisenberg, P., et al.: Ann. Oncol., 15, 330 (2004), Siddiqui, M.A.A., et al.: Drugs, 64, 1125 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Tetrabenazine in vivo, which is likely the active pharmacological agent. The cis isomer of Dihydrotetrabenazine is used for the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders.<br>References Kilbourn, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 278, 249 (1995), Perera, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 2599 (2003), Mager, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 94, 2475 (2005), Zheng, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 5018 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Naratriptan Impurity F<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-[1,5-Bis-(2-methylsulfamoylethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-1-methylpyridinium Chloride is an impurity of Naratriptan (N378730).<br></p>

<p>Applications Sumatriptan Impurity 1, is an impurity of Sumatriptan (S810000), which is a serotonin 5HT1-receptor agonist, used for the treatment of migraine headaches.<br>References Humphrey, P.P.A., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 94, 1123 (1988), Doenicke, A., et al.: Lancet 1, 1309 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Sumatriptan EP Impurity D<br>Stability Hygroscopic, Unstable in DMSO<br>Applications Sumatriptan N-Oxide (Sumatriptan EP Impurity D) is the degradation product of the antimigraine drug Sumatriptan (S810000).<br>References Xu, X. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 26, 367 (2001); Cheng, K.N. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 17, 399 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Valbenzine is a highly selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of tardive dykinesia.<br>References O'Brien, C. et al.: Movement Dis., 30, 1681 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-6-amino-9-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine (cas# 79999-39-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Methotrexate Hexaglutamate is a metabolite of Methotrexate (M260675); a folic acid antagonist, antineoplastic, and antirheumatic.<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958); Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy-N-(pyridin-4-yl)butanamide is a useful synthetic intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Applications Caffeine-D10 is the labeled compound of Caffeine(C080100). Caffeine (Pentoxifylline EP Impurity F) is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (1,2,3). Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses. Caffeine is a non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (3).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-13C-Uric Acid is the labeled analogue of Uric Acid (U829200), a heterocyclcic compound that is created when purine nucleotides are broken down of by the human body. High blood concetration of Uric Acid is known as hyperuricemia and is often associated with a wide range of disorders and medical conditions such as gout, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Uric acid may be a marker of oxidative stress and may have a potential therapeutic role as an antioxidant.<br>References Heinig, M. et al.: Cle. Clin. J. Med., 73, 1059 (2006); Glantzounis, G.K. et al.: Curr. Pharmac. Des., 11, 4145 (2005); Dehghan, A. et al.: Diab. Care, 31, 361 (2008); Nakagawa, T. et al.: Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 290, F625 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzofuran-6-carboxylic Acid is a reagent in the development of potent LFA-1/ICAM antagonist SAR 118 as an opthalmic solution for treating dry eyes. Preparation of piperidinylpyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 LTR activation.<br>References Zhong, M., et al.: ACS Med. Chem., 3, 203 (2012); Fujiwara, N., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 9804 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications [[(1R)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-methylethoxy]methyl]monophenylester is an antiviral agent and a Tenofovir (T018500) intermediate. Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor, used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005); Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006); Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir (T018500) impurity.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromoethyl Acetate is a 1-haloalkyl ester that is used in the modification of antibiotics.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zakrzewski, J. et al.: Pol. J. Chem. Technol., 8, 83 (2006); Kamachi, H. et al.: J. Antibiot., 41, 1602 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications This compound is an isomer of compound (E925685) used in the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors.<br>References Jarinrat K. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 2152 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 2-(4-Butoxy-3-cyanophenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate, is an impurity in the synthesis of Febuxostat n-Butyl Isomer (F229035).<br></p>

<p>Impurity Proguanil USP Related Compound E (1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyanoguanidine)<br>Applications Halo-aryl substituted guanidine derivative used in the preparation of antimalarial agents. Proguanil USP Related Compound E (1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyanoguanidine).<br>References Warner, V. et al.: J. Pharmac. Sci., 66, 418 (1977); Das, A. et al.: Ind. Drugs, 20, 19 (1980);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl p-Toluenesulfonyloxymethylphosphonate is an antiviral agent and a Tenofovir (T018500) intermediate. Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of the antiviral drug Oseltamivir (O700100). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br></p>

<p>This product is a synthetic impurity of Allopurinol. It is a cyclization reaction product of dimethylhydrazine and allopurinol in the presence of an organic solvent such as DMF.</p>

<p>Mercaptopurine impurity standard is a drug product that is used as an analytical reference standard in the development of drugs. Mercaptopurine impurity standard is a natural metabolite of 6-mercaptopurine, which is used to treat leukemia and other forms of cancer. It has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect, but this has not been confirmed. Mercaptopurine impurity standard is a synthetic compound that is made synthetically for use as an impurity standard. It has also been shown to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. Mercaptopurine impurity standard has been shown to be stable under acidic conditions and heat treatment at temperatures up to 200°C.</p>

<p>Zolmitriptan related compound D is a drug product that is an analytical impurity of the active ingredient, zolmitriptan. It is a synthetic compound and has been shown to be metabolized in vivo in humans. The chemical name for Zolmitriptan related compound D is 3-acetyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-indole-2,3-dione. This compound has been shown to have niche pharmacological properties that are not shared with other compounds in the same class, such as zolmitriptan.</p>

<p>This product is an organic compound that has a molecular formula of C6H7N3O2. It is a white solid with a melting point of 76.5 °C and an elution time of 7 minutes (range, 1-10 minutes). The detection method is based on the color change from yellow to blue in the presence of dimethylformamide (DMF). This product is used as a solvent for various chemical reactions and can be used in the synthesis of other products. 3-(Formylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide is used in analytical chemistry to determine substances such as pH, ionic strength, and concentration. In addition, this product can be used to quantify substances such as drugs or pharmaceuticals.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 4-[1,5-Bis-(2-methylsulfamoylethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>3,4-Dihydro naratriptan is a medicinal compound that is used as an anti-migraine drug. It is a hydrogenated form of the parent molecule naratriptan and has been shown to have a reaction time of about 30 minutes when catalyzed by palladium. The impurity, 3,4-dihydro naratriptan sulfonamide, has been found to be less potent than the target compound and can be eliminated from the synthesis by using catalytic hydrogenation. 3,4-Dihydro naratriptan sulfonamide can also be reduced by catalytic hydrogenation to yield 3,4-dihydro naratriptan.</p>

<p>Allopurinol is an anticancer drug that is used to treat leukemia and other cancers. Allopurinol impurity A is a byproduct of the production of allopurinol, which has been shown to have anticancer properties. It has been shown to suppress the expression of suppressor genes and up-regulated genes in pancreatic cancer cells. This compound also induces apoptosis in orthotopic liver cells in a process involving activation of caspase 3 and suppression of Akt signaling.</p>

<p>5-Amino-N,N’-bis[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide - EP is an impurity found in the synthetic process of iopamidol. It is a nonionic chemical that has been shown to be synthesized using the following methods: dichloride and synthetic. 5-Amino-N,N’-bis[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide - EP is used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p>

<p>Lysine-methotrexate is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the DNA template of Leishmania. This protein can be used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and other diseases caused by this parasite. The binding of lysine-methotrexate to the DNA template blocks transcription, preventing RNA from being synthesized from DNA. Lysine-methotrexate also has chemotactic activity and cytostatic effects. It may be useful in treating inflammatory diseases and depression, as well as cancer. Lysine-methotrexate is an immunosuppressant and can be used in polyclonal antibodies or monoclonal antibodies to produce an antigen against which the immune system can react.</p>

<p>1,3-Dihydro-6-methylfuro[3,4-c]pyridin-7-ol is a compound that contains impurities such as fatty acids and uridine. It has been found to be an inhibitor of α-mangostin adduct formation with fatty acids. Additionally, it has been shown to inhibit the activity of GSK-3β, an enzyme involved in various cellular processes. This compound also exhibits inhibitory effects on monascus and safranal, two enzymes involved in the production of certain compounds. Furthermore, it has been found to inhibit calpain, an enzyme responsible for protein degradation. The compound can be used in various research applications involving electrode modification and polylysine immobilization. It may also have potential interactions with other drugs such as cefdinir.</p>

<p>5-[(Hydroxyacetyl)amino]-N,N'-bis [2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide is a drug product that was synthesized for research purposes. It is an analytical standard for HPLC and has not been approved for clinical use. 5-[(Hydroxylacetyl)amino]-N,N'-bis [2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide is a compound with natural origin and has been classified as an API impurity. This synthetic drug product is custom synthesized to meet the requirements of pharmacopoeia standards.</p>

<p>Clopidogrel Impurity A is a medicine that is used for the prevention of heart attacks, strokes, and blood clots in people with an increased risk of these events. It is not intended to be used for immediate relief from sudden symptoms. Clopidogrel Impurity A is a substance that may be found in some preparations of clopidogrel. The presence of this substance can be detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. The structural analysis of this substance was determined using enantiomeric resolution and chromatographic methods. This impurity has been shown to have no effect on the bioavailability of the parent drug, clopidogrel, when given orally to Sprague-Dawley rats.</p>

<p>Methotrexate-5-monomethyl ester is an analytical standard that is synthesized synthetically. The synthetic route used to produce the compound has been optimized for high purity, making this product suitable for use as a drug product or impurity standard. The structure of methotrexate-5-monomethyl ester was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Methotrexate-5-monomethyl ester is an impurity found in the synthesis of methotrexate and is a metabolite of methotrexate. It has been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis and protein synthesis in animal cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit transcription factors such as NFATc1, NFkB, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B.</p>

<p>Allopurinol Sodium is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.82±0.12 μM.</p>

<p>2,4-Diamino-7-pteridinemethanol (2,4-DPPM) is a drug product and an impurity found in the synthesis of 2,4-diamino-7-(2H)-pteridinone. 2,4-DPPM is a synthetic product that can be used as an analytical standard for the determination of aminopyrine in pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. This compound has been used in pharmacological studies to investigate its effects on various enzymes associated with metabolism. It has also been used as an impurity standard for HPLC analysis of aminopyrine.</p>

<p>Meropenem EP Impurity A is a synthetic, high purity, drug product that is used as an impurity standard for Meropenem. It has been synthesized from a custom synthesis and is available in both natural and synthetic form. This impurity can be used to investigate the metabolism of Meropenem and to determine its stability in different environments. The HPLC analysis of this impurity is available as a pharmacopoeia standard.</p>

<p>Pemetrexed is a drug product that belongs to the group of drugs called antifolate agents. It is used in the treatment of cancer and is metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. The impurity C is a natural metabolite that can be found in urine as well as in plasma. This impurity has not been identified as a major metabolite of pemetrexed.</p>

<p>(S)-Tenofovir ((S)-PMPA) is the less active S-enantiomer of Tenofovir which is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.</p>

<p>Palonosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist with Ki of 0.17 nM, is used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).</p>

<p>Migalastat (GR181413A free base) is an orally administered, competitive inhibitor of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A), demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.04 μM against</p>