Quinazoline and Quinoline Derivatives

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Defluoro 2-Fluoro Flunarizine Dihydrochloride is an impurity of Flunarizine(F455200, Dihydrochloride), which is a calcium channel blocker. Flunarizine is a fluorinated derivative of Cinnarizine and a vasodilator (cerebral and peripheral).<br>References Desmedt, L.K., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 25, 1408 (1975), Godfraind, T., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 53, 273 (1979), Nihard, P., et al.: Angiology, 33, 37 (1982), Holmes, B., et al.: Drugs, 27, 6 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the preparation of Ergonovine (E597800) derivatives.<br>References Beck, H., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18, 1037 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Picloram (Tordon) is an auxin-type herbicide with carcinogenic properties, controlling herbaceous weeds and woody plants.</p>

<p>Applications Histamine H2-receptor antagonist related to Ranitidine (R120000). Antiulcerative.<br>References Callaghan, J.T., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 37, 162 (1985), Secor, J.W., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 20, 710 (1985), Knadler, M.P., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 14, 175 (1986), Wozniak, T.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 397(1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications Niclosamide is used as an anthelmintic drug (Cestodes).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Loftsson, T., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 85, 1017 (1996), Malik, N., et al.: Anti. Cancer Drugs, 10, 767 (1999), El-Sayed, M., et al.: Pharm. Res., 18, 23 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Ephedrine derivative for controlling respiratory tract goblet cell hyperplasia in respiratory diseases including infection and bronchitis.<br>References Tan, Z., et al.: J. Therm. Anal., 45, 59 (1995), van Berkel, G., et al.: Anal. Chem., 76, 479 (2004), Di, Y., et al.: Chin. Phy., 17, 3276 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromine analog of Haloperidol. Antipsychotic.<br>References Niemegeers, C.J.E., et al.: Life Sci., 24, 2201 (1979), Van Den Eeckhout, E., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 5, 45 (1980), Vincent, S.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 75 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate and impurity in the synthesis of Tadalafil (T004500).<br>References Carrier, S., et al.: Can. J. Urol., 10(1), 12 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nucleotide analog with broad-spectrum anticoccidial activity. Coccidiostat.<br>References Maes, L., et al.: J. Parasitol., 74, 931 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications An anticoccidal triazine used for the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens. An impurity of Diclazuril (D436200).<br>References McFarland, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 2543 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Reagent used to produce many guanidine based pharmaceuticals<br></p>

<p>Applications Non-steroidal peripherally active antiandrogen. Used as an antiandrogen, antineoplastic (hormonal); Non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist that binds the androgen receptor and prevents its activation.<br>References Tucker, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 31, 954 (1988), Cockshott, I.D., et al.: Eur. Urol., 18, Suppl. 3, 10 (1990), Cockshott, I., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharm., 36, 339 (1993), McKillop, D., et al.: Xenobiotica, 25, 623 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Veratric Acid is a derivative of Protocatechuic Acid. Veratric Acid is a reagent used in the production of antimicrobial agents, antifeedants, and a variety of other biologically active compounds.<br>References Alissandrakis, E., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 229, 365 (2009), Spaccini, R., et al.: Soil Biol. Biochem., 41, 1164 (2009), Narasimhan, B., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 44, 689 (2009), Pereira, L., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 139, 68 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications A cyclized labelled analog of orphenadrine and diphenhydramine; representative of a new class of centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants, the benzoxazocines. Analgesic; antidepressant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bassett, et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 37, 69 (1969), Klohs, et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 22, 132 (1972), Hell, et al.: Drugs, 19, 249 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Carvedilol (C184625). It is used in the treatment of hypertension.<br>References Sponer, G., et al.: J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 9, 317 (1987), Fujimaki, M., ET AL.: Xenobiotica, 20, 1025 (1990), Ruffolo, R., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 38, S82 (1990), Schaefer, W.H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 10, 958 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Deuterated Minoxidil, which is used as an antihypertensive and antialopecia agent. Minoxidil activates ATP-activated K+ channels.<br>References Franz, T.J., Arch. Dermatol., 121, 203 (1985), Gadwood, R.C., et al.: Annu. Rep. Med. Chem., 24, 187 (1989), Hautala, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 283, 51 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Quinoline is a starting material that may be transformed by bacteria and fungi to produce intermediates useful for the synthesis of drugs. Used in the synthesis of tertiary alcohol modulators of RORγ (1) which appears to have various biological functions. Also derivatives of quinoline have been seen to promote anticancer, antibacterial and antiviral activity, however quinoline itself is often seen as an environmental contaminant (2,3). Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Kummer, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2017 Feb 21.2. Ramirez-Prada, J. et al.: Eur J Med Chem. 2017 Mar 16;131:237-254.3. Mestankova, H. et al.: Water Res. 2016 Apr 15;93:110-20<br></p>

<p>Applications 5,6-Dehydro-17α-dutasteride is an epimer of 5,6-Dehydro-17β-dutasteride (D229560) an impurity in the synthesis of Dutasteride (D735000), a dual inhibitor of 5α-reductase isoenzymes type 1 and 2; structurally related to Finasteride (F342000). Dutasteride is used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.<br>References Bakshi, R.K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3189 (1995), Gisleskog, P.O., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 47, 53 (1999), Djavan, B., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 311 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity CLOZAPINE N-OXIDE IMPURITY<br>Applications Clozapine N-Oxide is a 5-HT2 antagonist. It is a major metabolite of clozapine (C587500) that can be monitored by HPLC.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Baldessarini, E., et al.: Neuropsychopharmacol., 9, 117 (1993); Lin, G., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci, 83, 1412 (1994); Roth, B.L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 268, 1403 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the preparation of 2,3-Desisopropylidene Topiramate, a metabolite of Topiramate<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Dihydro-1-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)-2H-benzimidazol-2-one is a reactant used in the synthesis of potential anti-parkinsonic agents.<br>References Vejdelek, Z. et al.: Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm., 49, 2649 (1984); Higashi, Y. et al. J. Liquid. Cheom. Rel. Tech., 31, 2762 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl fluoroacetate is an inhibitor of insect juvenile hormone biosynthesis. It also shows toxic effects against Vibrio fischeri.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Quistad, Gary B., et al.: J. of Agri. and Food Chem., 30(6), 1151-4 (1982);Dawson, D. A., et al.: Archives of Envir. Contam. and Tox., 66(2), 248-258 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(3-Chloropropyl)-1,3-dihydrobenzimidazol-2-one is a benzimidazole derivative used in the preparation of neuroleptic and antiallergic agents.<br>References Strupczewski, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 28, 761 (1985); Freter, K. et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 272 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl p-Aminobenzoate-N-D-mannose is a derivative of Benzocaine (B202985) glucoside, a potential anaesthetic or potential screening agent.<br>References Rybczynska, B. et al.: Parfum. Kosm., 48, 125 (1967); Nikolin, A. et al.: Glas. Hemi. Tehnol. Bosne Herceg., 16, 93 (1968);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(Methylsulfonyl)phenylacetic Acid is an intermediate used to prepare heterocyclic diaryl compounds as selective COX-2 inhibitors. It is also used to synthesize hydroxyfuranones as antioxidants and antiinflammatory agents.<br>References Eren, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 6467 (2010); Weber, V., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 4552 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Agomelatine Impurity 4<br>Applications Agomelatine Dimer Urea is an impurity of Agomelatine (A430020). Agomelatine Impurity 4<br>References Depreux, P., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 3231 (1994); Wregget, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 270, 22488 (1995); Ying, S., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 296, 33 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(2-aminoethylthio)methane is a potential inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the first enzyme in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway.<br>References Sweetman, B.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 12, 888 (1969); Seelig, G.F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 259, 3534 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bupivacaine metabolite.<br>References Goehl, T. J. et al.: Xenobiotica 3, 761 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levalbuterol USP Related Compound E<br>Applications O-Ethyl Albuterol is an analog of Albuterol (A514500). A β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Bronchodilator; tocolytic. Levalbuterol USP Related Compound E.<br>References Han, et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14, 6043 (2006), Liyou, H., et al.: Biochem., 46, 1432 (2007), Agrawal, D., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 113, 503 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel COX-2 selective inhibitor, as a nonsteroidal analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent.<br>References McCormack, K., et al.: Drugs, 41, 533 (1991), Giraudel, J., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 146, 642 (2005), Brune, K., et al.: Rheumatology, 46, 911 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lisinopril EP Impurity F<br>Applications Lisinopril Cyclohexyl Analogue (Lisinopril EP Impurity F) is a Lisinopril (L468985) impurity.<br>References Paraskevas, G., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 29, 865 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Levofloxacin.<br>References Sudo, K., et al.: Xenobiotica, 16, 72 (1986), Wong, F., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 18, 1103 (1990), Aminimanizani, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacokinet., 40, 169 (2001), Athamna, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 53, 247 (2004), Tanaka, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol., 56, 463 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Meclizine, also known as Meclozine, is a piperazine class H1 antagonist with antihistamine properties that inhibits the interaction of histamine at H1 receptors</p>

<p>Applications Varenicline intermediate.<br>References Coe, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3474 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Aprepitant-M3 is an active metabolite of Aprepitant.<br>References Ballard, T., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 412, 255 (2001), Campos, D., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 19, 1759 (2001), Severini, C., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 54, 285 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Nitroso Varenicline is a derivative of Varenicline (V215635(M)), which is a useful medication for smoking cessation.<br>References Hart, E., et al.: Behavioural Brain Research, 397, 112887 (2021)<br></p>