Flavonoids and Polyphenols

<p>Nordalbergin, a coumarin isolated from the bark of Dalbergia sissoo, can significantly induce the differentiation of HL-60 cells.</p>

<p>Applications Exhibits specific inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinases,including autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (IC50 - 2.6uM). Also inhibits other protein kinases through competitive inhibition of ATP. Inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces tumor cell differentiation. Produces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in Jurat T-leukemia cells. However, it prevents anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced thymic apoptosis. Genistein also inhibits topoisomerase II activity in vitro. Genistein has also been shown to inhibit the action of GABA on recombinant GABAA receptors2. uv(max)ethanol: 262.5 nm (e= 138). moderately sol. in hot alcohol<br>References Akiyama, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5592 (1987), O'Dell, T.J., et al.: Nature, 353, 588 (1991), Aharonovits, O., et al.: Biochim Biophys. Acta, 1112, 181 (1992), Platanias, L.C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 24053 (1992), Yoshida, H., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1137, 321 (1992), Uckun, F.M., et al.: Science, 267, 886 (1995)Merck Index 12th ed. 43952. Huang, R.Q.; Fang, M.J.; Dillon, G.H., Mol. Brain Res. 67: 177-183 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is a lignan found in flaxseed and is an emerging source in the functional food area. Flaxseed is the richest source of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). SDG metabolites may protect against CVD and the metabolic syndrome by reducing lipid and glucose concentration, lowering blood pressure, and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation.<br>References Lucas, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab., 87, 1527 (2002), Choo, W., et al.: J. Food Compost. Anal., 20, 202 (2007), Sicilia, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1181 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-Hesperetin is the aglucon of Hesperidin (H281185), a flavanone found in citrus fruits.<br>References Tsujimoto, M., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 32, 671 (2009), Wang, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 49, 1157 (2009), Lee, S,. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 2116 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Cannflavin A exhibits cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibition; some of its constituents have anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential.<br>References Evans, A.; et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol, 36, 2035 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihydroresveratrol is a natural phytoestrogen.<br></p>

<p>Applications Silychristin is a new natural product has been isolated from silymarin, the hepatoprotective extract of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) fruits. Silychristin has been shown to be an antihepatotoxic flavonolignan.<br>References Smith, W.A., et al.: Planta. Med., 71, 877 (2005); Hong, L., et al.: Process. Biochem., 45, 799 (2010); Hitoshi, T., et al.: J. Chem. Soc., 11, 749 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Triclosan O-Sulfate is a metabolite of the bacteriostat, Triclosan (T774250).<br>References Wu, J. et al.: Sepu, 27, 724 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Curcumin (C838500). A natural phenolic compound. Potent anti-tumor agent having anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Induces apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibits phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Reported to inhibit production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Potent inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase and IκB kinase. Inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase. Easily penetrates into the cytoplasm of cells, accumulating in membranous structures such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope.<br>References Srinivasan, et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 5, 448 (1953), Tu, B., et al.: J .Cell Biol., 164, 341 (2004), Xu, G., et al.: Biochemistry, 44, 9817 (2005), Johnson, J., et al.: Cancer Lett., 255, 170 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A major Lidocaine metabolite.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Falany, C., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 27, 1057 (1999), Gan, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 672 (2001), Lienert, J., et al.: Envir. Sci. Technol., 41, 4471 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is an impurity in the synthesis of Chloroxylenol (C427950) an antiseptic and germicide. Chloroxylenol is used for mildew prevention. Chloroxylenol is also an antibacterial; antiseptic (topical and urinary).<br>References Heberer, T., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 131, 5 (2002), Nikolaou, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 387, 1225 (2007), Focazio, M., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 402, 201 (2008), Miege, C., et al.: Environ. Pollut., 157, 1721 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl trans-Cinnamate is one of the odour active compounds of Tahitian vanilla flavour and basil oil. Methyl trans-Cinnamate is naturally found in Magnolia liliflora oil, which is used to create a variety of nematicides. Methyl trans-Cinnamate also inhibits mushroom tyrosinase and has antimicrobial effects against Escherechia coli in food.<br>References Adams, A., et al.: J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 88, 201 (2011); Blank, A., et al.: Ind. Crop. Prod., 38, 93 (2012); Brunschwig, C., et al.: Food Res. Int., 46, 148 (2012); Huang, Q., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 57, 2565 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol-d2 is the labelled analogue of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (T774145), which is used as a broad range pesticide against insects, fungi, vegetation and bacteria. It has become a common environmental contaminant and probable human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Amer, S. et al.: Cytologia, 39, 633 (1974); Xu, X. wt l.: Occup. Environ. Med., 68, 557 (2011); Sinclair, C.J. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 4617 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Urolithin D is used in biological studies to evaluate DNA gyrase inhibitory activity of ellagic acid derivatives.<br>References Weidner-Weels, M. A., et al: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 97 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-Piceatannol-d3 is an isotope labelled compound of trans-Piceatannol (P436300), which is human metabolite of Resveratrol (R150000).<br>References Athar, M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 224, 274 (2007), Bernhardt, R., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 124, 128 (2006), Fairman, D.A., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 2159 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclosan (3',5',6'-d3) O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt is an isotope labelled compound of Triclosan O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt (T774260), a metabolite of Triclosan (T774250).<br>References Moss, T. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 38, 361 (2000); Wu, J. et al.: Sepu, 27, 724 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Khellin is a compound present in the kella or picktooth fruit, used as a muscle relaxant.<br>References Shinde, P. et al.: Indian J. Nat. Prod. Res., 5, 40 (2014); Sztiller-Sikorska, M. et al.:<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of trans Resveratrol.<br>References Banerjee, S., et al.: Cancer Res., 62, 4945 (2002), Wang, L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 93, 2448 (2004), Provinciali, M., et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 115, 36 (2005), Lancon, A., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 699 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Urolithin B Glucuronide counteracts trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO)-induced cell damage and other detrimental effects of the cardiovascular systems triggered by TMAO.<br>References Savi, M., et al.: Molecules, 23, 549 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications 27-Deoxyactein has shown stimulation of osteoblast function and inhibits bone resorbing mediators in the treatment of osteoporosis. It is a derivative of Actein (A191800), a gamma secretase modulators derived from botanicals.<br>References Choi, E. et al. J. App. Toxicol., 33, 190 (2010); Findeis, M. et al.: ACS. Chem. Neurosci., 3, 941 (2012); Einbond, L. et al.: Fund. Clin. Pharm., 23, 311 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 4'-O-Methylresveratrol is an impurity of resveratrol (R150000), an anticancer agent that has been shown to inhibit events associated with tumor initiation, promotion and progression.<br>References Powell, R.G., et al.: Phytochemistry, 35, 335 (1994), Jeandet, P., et al.: J. Phytopathol., 143, 135 (1995), Mattivi, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1820 (1995),<br></p>