Botanical Source

Luteolin, is a common flavonoid that exists in many types of plants including fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-allergy and anticancer, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for treating various diseases such as hypertension, inflammatory disorders, and cancer.

Glycyrrhetinic acid, a hydrolysis product of one of the main constituents of licorice, the triterpene glycoside of glycyrrhizic acid, when added to rat liver mitochondria at micromolar concentrations induces swelling, loss of membrane potential, pyridine nucleotide oxidation, and release of cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor; indicates that glycyrrhetinic acid is a potent inducer of mitochondrial permeability transition and can trigger the pro-apoptotic pathway.

Daucosterol can protect mice against disseminated candidiasis by the CD4+ Th1 immune response.

Gelsemine is a highly toxic compound and may be a glycine receptor agonist. Gelsemine has antitumor, anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-oxidative activities,it also has marked antinociception in inflammatory, neuropathic and bone cancer pains without inducing antinociceptive tolerance.

Forsythoside B inhibits inflammatory response, has antioxidant, antisepsis properties, and also has potent neuroprotective effects with a favorable therapeutic time-window, reduce of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury degree, attenuating blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Forsythoside B could inhibit TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and modulate NF-κB.

Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate(TF3), an inducer of oxidative stress, which has anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions, it reduces tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1αand VEGF; suggests that TF3 might serve as a potential anti-angiogenic agent for cancer treatment. TF3 and lactic acid combinations can reduce Herpes Simplex Virus(HSV) infectivity.

Kahweol has anticarcinogenic, anti-angiogenic,and anti-inflammatory activities, it can block the LPS-induced activation of NF-kappaB by preventing IkappaB degradation and inhibiting IkappaB kinase activity. Kahweol also has hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice.

L-Theanine is a relaxing and nondietary amino acid found pretty much exclusively in teas from Camellia sinensis. It is known to promote relaxation and improve concentration and learning ability and has neuroprotective effects. L-Theanine heals gastric ulcer and prevents CCl4-induced experimental hepatic cirrhosis in rats by blocking the main pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic signals. L-Theanine can significantly alleviate the adverse oxidative effect.

Eriocitrin is powerful antioxidative flavonoid, it can prevent oxidative damages caused by acute exercise-induced oxidative stress, it also has lipid-lowering effect in rats on a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Eriocitrin is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase VA isozyme.

Lupeol has a potential to act as an anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-protozoal, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, anti-angiogenic, antimalarial and cholesterol lowering agent.

Cucurbitacin A inhibits cancer growth in A-549 NSCLC cells by inducing apoptosis, targeting m-TOR/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and G2/M cell cycle.

Schisandrin A and schisandrin B are active components of Schisandrae Fructus, has anti-inflammatory action, may act differentially on activating GST/ depleting cellular GSH and inducing an antioxidant response.

Eriodictyol