Monosaccharides

<p>GDP-D-galactose is a sugar nucleotide that is an intermediate in the synthesis of GDP-D-mannose. It is synthesized from D-galactose by the enzyme galactokinase, which converts D-galactose to D-galacturonate. GDP-D-galactose can then be converted to GDP-D-mannose by the enzyme GDP mannokinase. The incorporation of GDP into macromolecules is a process that can be used as a marker for biosynthesis and has been shown in Gracilaria sp.</p>

<p>4-Acetamido-4-deoxy-D-glucose is a custom synthesis of a monosaccharide that is modified with fluorine and methyl groups. It is synthesized by the Click modification, which involves the addition of an azide to an alkyne in a copper catalyzed reaction. 4-Acetamido-4-deoxy-D-glucose can be used as a building block for complex carbohydrate synthesis. 4-Acetamido-4-deoxy-D-glucose has shown effectiveness against fluoroquinolone resistance, as well as activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium perfringens.</p>

<p>Galactose (Gal) is the C4 epimer of glucose with one hydroxyl group axial which by Hudsons rules makes it slightly less stable than glucose (Hudson, 1948). However, galactose is very common in plants and animals, and occurs in many polysaccharides, such as, galactomannans (e.g. Guar, Locust Bean Gum), Carrageenans , Agar (L-Galactose), Hemicellulose, Gum Arabic [link] and galactans (e.g. from Lupin) (Whistler, 1993). Galactose is one of the key mammalian monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine and sialic acid) and it occurs in blood, milk, gangliosides, N- and O-linked glycans (Gabius, 2009). Like glucose, galactose exhibits mutarotation (Acree, 1968) and is optically active (dextrorotary) with L-galactose as its enantiomer (levorotary).</p>

<p>1,2-O-Di-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-3-deoxy-D-ribofuranose is a carbohydrate that is used as a building block in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The compound is also used to modify glycoproteins to increase their stability and to improve their solubility. 1,2-O-Di-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl--3 -deoxy--D--ribofuranose has been modified with fluorination, saccharide methylation, glycosylation and polysaccharide synthesis.</p>

<p>D-Glucose 1-13C is a kinetic isotope that is used to study the metabolic pathways of glucose. The presence of 13C in the molecule allows for the identification of metabolites and provides an accurate measurement of metabolic rate. This isotope has been used to study lipid metabolism in exudates from animals, as well as fatty acid synthesis in microsomes from rats. D-Glucose 1-13C has also been used in studies on yeast, specifically Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain.</p>

<p>D-Glucopyranosyl thiosemicarbazide is a synthetic molecule that reacts with halides to produce regiospecifically substituted aldehydes. It has been used in the synthesis of glycosylated heterocycles and for the conversion of amines into reactive intermediates. D-Glucopyranosyl thiosemicarbazide can be prepared by reacting 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone with sodium nitrite in methanol followed by hydrolysis with water. This reaction produces an intermediate that reacts with sulfur dioxide to form the desired product. The structure of this molecule was determined using X-ray crystallography on crystals obtained from aspergillus mold.</p>

<p>2-Iodoethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a high purity custom synthesis that can be modified with Click chemistry. It can be synthesized by modification of methylated glycosides and saccharides. This product has been shown to have a wide range of applications in the areas of fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. The sugar moiety is an oligosaccharide made up of one or more monosaccharides (simple sugars) joined together by glycosidic bonds. This product is often found in complex carbohydrates such as glycogen and starch.</p>

<p>2’-(N-Hexadecanoylamino)-4’-nitrophenyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a synthetic substrate that is used to diagnose and monitor brain diseases. It can be used in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by measuring the amount of amniotic fluid that leaks into the brain. The rate of hydrolysis of this substrate has been shown to be higher in patients with Alzheimer's disease than in healthy controls. This synthetic substrate is also useful for monitoring the activity of taurocholate galactohydrolase, which is an enzyme that breaks down bile salts and plays a role in cholesterol metabolism. The rate of hydrolysis has been found to be increased in patients with Parkinson's disease, but not in those with Alzheimer's disease or healthy controls. 2’-(N-Hexadecanoylamino)-4’-nitrophenyl-b-D-galactop</p>

<p>Tri-O-benzyl-isofagomine hydrochloride is a modification of an oligosaccharide and a carbohydrate. It is synthesized by the methylation and glycosylation of isofagomine. Tri-O-benzyl-isofagomine hydrochloride has been shown to have high purity and can be used in the treatment of cancer, as well as being a potential drug for diabetes mellitus. This drug also prevents the formation of glycosaminoglycan polymers, which are responsible for cartilage rigidity. The CAS number for this drug is 569287-73-2.</p>

<p>Competitive inhibitor of ceramide-glycosyltransferase used for substrate reduction therapy in lysosomal storage disorders. It inhibits glucosylceramide synthase, which catalyses the initial step in glycosphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. This compound delays the onset of symptoms in type 1 Gaucher disease, Sandhoff disease and Tay-Sachs disease. It also reduces brain abnormalities in mucolipidosis type IV.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a modification of the natural carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide synthesized with custom synthesis. The synthetic process involves the methylation and glycosylation of the monosaccharides. Fluorination and saccharide linkages are also used in the production of this compound. 2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-2-deoxyglucopyranoside can be used as a building block for complex carbohydrates or as a research reagent for glycobiology.</p>

<p>N-acetyl D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is an aldohexose (2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucose) in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by NHAc (Collins, 2006). N-acetyl D-glucosamine forms the exoskeletons of molluscs and insects as the building block of the polysaccharide chitin (Rudrapatnam, 2003). N-acetyl D-glucosamine is a key component of N- and O-linked glycans, present in glycolipids and the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (Fallacara, 2018). A recent study has suggested that N-acetyl D-glucosamine may have therapeutic potential for COVID-19 as it affects the spike protein-ACE2 receptor interaction during the infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus (Baysal, 2021).</p>

<p>N-[2-(4'-Methoxyphenylacetonitrile)]-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of a carbohydrate. It is a synthetic saccharide that is modified by fluorination and methylation. This compound has high purity and can be custom synthesized to order.</p>

1-Amino-2,5-anhydro-D-glucitol is a synthetic monosaccharide with the chemical formula C6H12O6. It is often used in custom synthesis and click modification of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The fluorination of this compound can be done to obtain a fluorinated 1-amino-2,5-anhydro-D-glucitol. 1AADG can also be modified at its methyl group to produce N,N'-diacetylmethylenecyclohexane carboxamide (CAS No. 2166517-07). This product has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

<p>Sunitinib N-glucuronide is a synthetic small molecule with a molecular weight of 517.63 Da and a chemical formula of C14H18F3N5O6S. Sunitinib N-glucuronide is a monosaccharide sugar that is modified with fluorine. It is one of the products of the methylation, custom synthesis, and click modification reactions. The CAS number for this product is 70698-74-7. Sunitinib N-glucuronide has a purity level of 98%, which means that it has less than 2% impurities. This product can be used in oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, or saccharides as a complex carbohydrate or high purity carbohydrate. It can also be used as an additive to modify the properties of monosaccharides and sugars.</p>

<p>Iron sucrose is a form of iron that is used in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Iron sucrose is administered orally and absorbed in the small intestine. The amounts of iron absorbed are not sufficient to correct the underlying cause of iron deficiency anemia, but can be used as a substitute for oral iron therapy. Iron sucrose has been shown to be safe and effective in treating chronic bowel disease and may be useful in other diseases with inflammatory components, such as infectious diseases and inflammatory bowel disease. Iron sucrose may also be helpful for patients with congestive heart failure or nephrology dialysis who require supplemental erythropoietin.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-5-bromo-3-indoxyl-2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester is a custom synthesis of an acetylated bromoglycoside. This compound is a synthetic modification of the natural product and has been shown to be effective against various bacteria. The synthesis of this compound can be achieved by the click reaction with methyl 2,2'-dithiopropionate and 5,5'-dimethoxytrityl chloride in the presence of trimethylsulfonium iodide. N—Acetyl—5—bromo—3—indoxyl—2,3,4—tri—O—acetyl--b--D--glucuronic acid methyl ester is also a monosaccharide sugar that is a carbohydrate with a high purity and modifies proteins at their active site. It also has</p>

<p>Methyl 6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-lyxo-hexopyranosid-4-ulose is a fluorinated sugar that can be used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and carbohydrates. This sugar has been custom synthesized and has been modified with methylation and click chemistry. The CAS number for this product is 93558-18-7.</p>

<p>3,5-Dideoxy-3,5-imino-1,2-O-isopropylidene-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl-6-O-tert.butyldimethylsilyl-a-D-glucofuranose is a methylation product of 3,5 dihydroxy -3,5 imino -1,2 O isopropylidene -N (4 methoxyphenyl) methyl -6 O tert. butyldimethylsilyl A D glucofuranose which is an oligosaccharide. It has been synthesized for the purpose of Click modification and modified with a fluorine atom on the carbonyl group. This product has high purity and is custom synthesized according to customer specifications.</p>

<p>6-Deoxy-D-psicose is a sugar molecule that is made up of six carbon atoms. It is one of the two possible epimers of D-psicose, and it can be used as an alkaline equilibrating agent for the conversion of D-fructose to 1-deoxy-D-fructose. 6-Deoxy-D-psicose can also be used as a substrate in reactions with other sugars to form new compounds. 6DPSC can be transformed into rhamnose by heating it at 100°C in alkaline solution, or into l-rhamnose by heating it at 120°C in alkaline solution. The transformation process converts 6DPSC into its epimer, which is stable at high temperatures without decomposing. 6DPSC has been shown to have efficient properties for use in research and for the production of various substances.</p>