Amino Acids (AA)

<p>Applications Labeled Sucrose (S697000). Yuanzhen sugar is a polysaccharide polymer, containing a certain amount of fructooligosaccharides.<br>References Watanabe, T., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 72, 3167 (2008), You, Y., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 709 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-Glutaconic Acid is used in the synthesis of iso and azokainoids which act as agonists for glutamate receptors. E-isomer of Glutaconic Acid (G596945).<br>References Felluga, F. et al.: Chirality, 24, 112 (2012); Wang, W. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 1949 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid Mono 4-Methyl-7-carboxy-heptyl Ester is a possible metabolite of the di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) monoester (MINCH).<br>References Koch, H., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 87, 799 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 5-Methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is used as a reagent in the synthesis of N-(2-acylaminobenzyl or 2-acylaminoheterocyclylmethyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide derivatives as antithrombotics. It is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of diamide derivatives as FXa inhibitors. 5-Methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is an intermediate for Edoxaban (E555520).<br>References Mochizuki, A., et al.: Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 2010120852 A 20100603. Jun 3, 2010; Mochizuki, A., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2008123017 A1 20081016. Oct 16, 2008<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)glycine (~90%) (cas# 5835-28-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxy-5-(methylsulfonyl)benzoic acid (cas# 50390-76-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3'-Methylacetophenone is a reagent that is used in the preparation of 3-aryl-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles which has anticancer properties.<br>References Koppireddi, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 5428 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-N-(1-Carboxyethyl)-D-norvaline 1-Ethyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Perindoprilat (P287530), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Antihypertensive.<br>References Pascard, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 663 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxytetrahydrofuran is a reactant in the preparation of ruthenium(III) chloro benzimidazolylmethylamine derivative complexes as oxidation catalysts.<br>References Murali, M., et. al.: Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 22, 3238 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylalanine is an Alanine (A481400) derivative. Alanine is an amino acid that occurs naturally in nature. It is a functional component in the alanine cycle which regulates the level of alanine aminotransferases which can be used as a diagnostic tool to predict type II diabetes.<br>References Naveed S. et al.: Diab., 53, 11 (2004); Barlind, J. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 2721 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methyl-N-nitroso-1-hexadecanamine is a compound found in a wide range of cosmetic products and cleaning emulsions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kamp, E.. et al.: Food. Chem. Toxicol., 29, 203 (1991); Lalljie, S. P. D., et al.: Adv. Mass. Spec., 14, 33790 (1998); Abidi, S.L., et al.: J. Chroma., 324, 209 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid (cas# 488-15-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzoic Acid is used in the synthesis of Hsp90 inhibitors as EGCG analogues. Also used in the preparation of vanillates exhibiting cytostatic properties towards cancel cells resistant to pro-apoptotic stimuli.<br>References Khandelwal, A. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 78, 7859 (2013); Lamoral-Theys, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 3823 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(4-methylphenyl)oxirane (cas# 13107-39-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Genetic incorporation of a metal-ion chelating amino acid into proteins as a biophysical probe.<br>References McRee, D., et al.: J. Struct. Biol., 125, 156 (1999), Wang, L., et al.: Science, 292, 498 (2001), Ioerger, T., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 374, 244 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Potent crosslinking inhibitors.<br>References Sloan, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 23740 (1999).<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamic acid 5-methyl ester is a protected form of L-Glutamic acid (G596960). L-Glutamic acid is a nonessential amino acid that is important to the mammalian central nervous system. L-Glutamic acid is also a neurotransmitter for cone photoreceptors in the human brain and is used as a treatment for patients who have liver disease accompanied by encephalopathy (a condition termed ‘hepatic coma’).<br>References Anderson, H., et al.: J. Nutr., 99, 82 (1969); Brandon, C. &amp; Lam, D.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 80, 5117 (1983); McDermott Jr, W., et al.: New Engl. J. Med., 253, 1093 (1955)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Iohexol EP Impurity K<br>Applications 5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic Acid (Iohexol EP Impurity K) is an intermediate for nonionic iodinated X-ray contrast agents.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methylacetamide can be used for the synthesis of N-​sulfonyl amidines and acyl sulfonyl ureas.Environmental contaminants; food contaminants.<br>References Chow, S. Y., et al.: J. Org. Chem. 82, 2515 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled L-Serine is used in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines as antibacterial/antifungal agents, as well as acting as a proteinogenic compound.<br>References Olivella, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 6109 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Valeric Acid Sodium Salt (cas# 6106-41-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamine (Alpha-15n, 98%) (cas# 80143-57-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Acrylonitrile (ACN).<br>References Guengerich, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 41, 4925 (1981), Leonard, A., et al.: Mutation Res., 436, 263 (1999), Stadler, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5550 (2004), Dybing, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 43, 365 (2005), Rice, J., et al.: Mutation Res., 580, 3 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Isoleucine is not biosynthesized in the human body and is therefore categorized as an essential amino acid that must be obtained through diet. It is also an important building block that is used in the formation of hemoglobin in humans.<br>References Albanese, A.: J. Biol. Chem., 157, 613 (1945); Martin, R. &amp; Kirk, K.: Blood, 109, 2217 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Aspartic Acid Dimethyl Ester Hydrochloride is a useful synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of MK-7246 (M425045); a potent and selective CRTH2 antagonist for the treatment of respiratory diseases.<br>References Molinaro, C., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 77, 2299 (2012); Gervais, F.G., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 79, 69 (2011); Gallant, M, et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 288 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications A cysteine derivative as potential antitumor agent. (A609645)A vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate. (F680300)<br>References Paul, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., et al.: 19, 1002 (1976), Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010), Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010), Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010), McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Acrylonitrile (ACN).<br>References Guengerich, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 41, 4925 (1981), Leonard, A., et al.: Mutation Res., 436, 263 (1999), Stadler, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5550 (2004), Dybing, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 43, 365 (2005), Rice, J., et al.: Mutation Res., 580, 3 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-1-methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate (cas# 16843-24-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.<br>References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A carnitine ester of unsaturated fatty acid. Used in the studies of fibroblasts in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and fatty acid oxidation disorders.<br>References Gross R.W., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 258, 5221 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled L-Ornithine. A non-essential amino acid for human development but is required intermediate in arginine biosynthesis. L-Ornithine is found in virtually all vertebrate tissues as well as incorporated into proteins, such as tyrocidine. Isolation from chicken excreta.<br>References Fattori, D. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 550 (2007); Gomez-Alonso, S. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 608 (2007); Subramaniam, R. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18, 3333 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(4-Cyanophenyl)-glycine (cas# 42288-26-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Aminobutyl-d8 Guanidine is the labelled analog of the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine (A769500) and also an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis.<br>References Golding, B.T., et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 22, 391S (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Arginine-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-d7 HCl (CAS# 204244-77-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound. It can be used with Raman scattering for imaging living cells and organisms.<br>References Min, W., et al., PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014205074 A2<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxymethyl-5-methylimidazole (cas# 29636-87-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Chloro-2-methylpropene is a reagent in the synthesis of pyrrolyl and indolyl diketo acids and esters as nucleotide-competitive non-nucleoside inhibitors of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Costi, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 7431 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyl-7-methylamino-8-nitro-quinoxaline (cas# 78411-55-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Crotonaldehyde.<br>References Gray, J.M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 1, 55 (1971), Chung, F., et al.: Mutat. Res., 424, 71 (1999), Smith, C., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 38, 637 (2000), Pan, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 367 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-3-Amino-iso-butyric-2,3,3-d3 Acid is the labeled version of DL-3-Aminoisobutyric Acid (A603043(P)), which is a useful compound for suppressing atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mouse.<br>References Shimba, Y., et al.: Bio. Pharma. Bull., 43, 1016 (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications A natural constituent of animal structural proteins such as collagen and elastin. Several microorganisms producing proline trans-4- and cis-3-hydroxylase were discovered and these enzymes were applied to the industrial production of trans-4- and cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline.<br>References Langmaier, F. et al.: Int. J. Cosm. Sci., 24, 273 (2002); Lawrence, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 313, 185 (1996); Mori, H., et al.: J. Bacteriol.; 179, 5677 (1997); Clifton, I., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 268, 6625 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]glycylglycine is a reagent in the synthesis of Glycylglycyl-L-tyrosine (G718500), which is a fungal tyrosinases and their capability to oxidize peptide-bound tyrosine residues is important in a view of applicability of tyrosinases.<br>References Bowness, J., et al.: Biochem. J., 53, 620 (1953), Cuff, M., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 278, 855 (1998), Kubo, I., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 5349 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications An essential amino acid found in naturally produced peptides. Unlike its stereoisomer, L-tryptophan, it is not used in structural or enzyme proteins.<br>References Karunakaran, S.et al.: Bochem. J., 414, 343 (2008); Pallaghy, P.K. et al.: Biochem., 38, 11553 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fmoc-Ser(TBDMS)-OH (cas# 146346-81-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Pipecolic acid is involved in synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. The l-form occurs in plants.<br>References Nomura Y., et al.: Neurochem. Res., 6, 391 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-ACETYLISOLEUCINE (cas# 3077-46-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Methyl Isocyanate.<br>References Slatter, J. G., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 4, 157 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid-d16 (CAS# 203805-96-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methyl-N-nitroso-ethenamine is used as research reagent for base induced fragmentation to give aldehydes or ketones and smaller alkylnitrosamine<br>References Leoppky, R.N., et al.: J Org. Chem, 23, 135(1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications Myristoyl-L-carnitine Hydrochloride is a long-chain fatty ester of carnitine which is accumulated and released into the circulation, in fatty-acid oxidation defects. Pattern of Lauroyl-L-carnitine can be diagnostic for a number of ß-oxidation defects.<br>References Ventura, F., et al.: Clinica Chimica Acta, 281, 1 (1999); Pourfarzam, M., et al.: Clinical Chem,, 40, 2267 (1994); Schaefer, J., et al.: Pediatric Res., 37, 354 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylresorcinol (cas# 608-25-3) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(3-Methoxypropoxy)-2,3-dimethylpyridin-1-ium-1-olate is used in preparation of Picolylsulfides and related drugs by using Esterification and Thioetherification as the key steps.<br>References Wang, D., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, (2019);<br></p>

<p>Applications A substrate for pyroglutamate aminopeptidase. Used for colorimetric determination of pyrrolidonyl peptidase activity in bacteria.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Szewczuk, A., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 8, 63 (1969), Szewczuk, A., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 39, 268 (1971)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levodopa EP Impurity A; Levodopa USP Related Compound A<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 6-Hydroxy-L-DOPA (Levodopa EP Impurity A; Levodopa USP Related Compound A) is the 6-hydroxy derivative of the amino acid L-DOPA (D533751) with neurotoxic properties. Studies show that exogenously administered 6-Hydroxy-L-DOPA is biotransformed by amino acid decarboxylase to the highly potent and catecholamine-selective neurotoxin, 6-Hydroxydopamine. The treatment of 6-Hydroxy-L-DOPA in rats resulted in the stimulation of acetylcholinesterase.<br>References Jaim-Etcheverry, G. et al.: Brain Res., 100, 699 (1975); Kostrzewa, R.M. et al.: Amino Acids, 14, 175 (1998); Berthet, A. et al.: J. Neurosci., 29, 4829 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications DL-Cystine-2,2',3,3,3',3'-d6 (CAS# 352431-53-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid that can be synthesized by the human body under normal physiological conditions if a sufficient quantity of methionine is available. Cysteine is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Cysteine is used as a processing aid for baking, as an additive in cigarettes, as well as in the preparation of meat flavours.<br>References Hui, N. et al.: Meat Sci. Appl., 74 (2001); Kiviharju, K. et al.: J. Biotechnol., 117, 299 (2005); Pecivova, P. et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 90, 1681 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methyl-6-(methylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one is a heterocyclic Triazine based building block useful in organic synthesis. It is related to 2-Amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine (A616880), which is used to synthesize pesticides.<br>References Klein, J., et al.: J. AOAC Intrnational, 86, 1015 (2003); Pang, G., et al.: J. Chromat. A, 1125, 1 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications (2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (cas# 1878-49-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 5'-O-Methylthymidine (cas# 14504-60-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Dl-leucine<br></p>

<p>Impurity Duloxetine EP Impurity B<br>Applications A Duloxetine intermediate. Duloxetine EP Impurity B.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Dityrosine (DY), a tyrosine dimer formed by 3,3’-biaryl bond formation can be used as a biomarker to detect oxidative protein damage and selective proteolysis. Fluorescence intensity decays of Dityrosine are generally characterized by two decay components, one with a lifetime in the range of 150 to 800 ps and another between 2.5 and 4.5 ns.<br>References Libertini, L., et al.: Biophys. J., 47, 765 (1985), Huggins, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268, 12341 (1993), Malencik, D., et al.: Biochemistry, 35, 4375 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications (4-Methylphenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone is a useful reactant in organic synthesis.<br>References Hu, Zhiyuan, et al.: Org. &amp; Biomol. Chem., 16(31), 5653-5660 (2018);Liao, Yang, et al.: J. of Organometallic Chem., 881, 1-12 (2019)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxypropyl Acetate causes moderate irritation, significant reduction in body weight development and thymic atrophy in rats as well as pronounced prenatal toxicity in rats.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ma-Hock, L., et al.: Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 24, 95-99 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Abrine is an indoleamino acid that displays radical scavenging and antioxidant properties.<br>References Yang, M., et al.: Food. Funct., 5, 2268 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluorouracil EP Impurity D<br>Applications 5-Methoxyuracil (Fluorouracil EP Impurity D) is methoxylated uracil, a component of nucleid acid. 5-Methoxyuracil is used in the preparation of nucleosides.<br>References Vorbrueggen, H. et al.: Chem. Ber., 114, 1279 (1981); Novacek, A. et al.: Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm., 32, 1045 (1967);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanesulfonic acid is used in the biosynthesis of Thiamine (T344185) in yeast.<br>References White, R., et al.: Journal of the American Chemical Society, 104, 4934 (1982).<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol B Mono-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of Bisphenol B (B519565), which is the analogue of Bisphenol A (B519495), that is used to make certain plastic an epoxy resins. BPA and its analogs, are also shown to activate human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor that functions as a master regulator of xenobiotic metabolism.<br>References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003); Yipeng, S., et al.: Env Hea. Pers., 120, 399 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-acetic acid (cas# 118054-54-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>