Cell Cycle/Checkpoint

CDK7-IN-25 (CY-16-1) is a potent CDK7 inhibitor with an IC50 value of less than 1nM, utilized in cancer research [1].

L 738167 is a potent antagonist of the long-acting fibrinogen receptor.

ML-099 is a pan Ras-related GTPases activator that activates Rac1, Ras, GTP-binding protein (Rab7), Rab2A and cell division cycle 42.

GGTI 2147 decreased Rac1 activity, down-regulated p65 expression, and ameliorated OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis.

WRN Inhibitor 4 (Example 107), a cyclic vinyl sulfone-based compound, serves as an inhibitor of the Werner Syndrome ATP-dependent helicase enzyme (WRN).

WRN Inhibitor 3 (example 110), a cyclic vinyl sulfone-based compound, serves as an inhibitor of the Werner Syndrome ATP-dependent helicase enzyme (WRN).

CDK-IN-11, a heterocyclic compound, promotes cardiomyocyte maturation [1].

Homouridine, an analogue of uridine, functions as an intermediate in the synthesis of MMP-2 inhibitor (compound I, IC50 = 150 μM).

Sapacitabine (CS682) is a nucleoside analog precursor with anticancer activity used in the study of leukemia.

USP1-IN-3 is a selective inhibitor of USPI that inhibits USPI-UAFI (IC50<30 nM). USP1-IN-3 can be used to study cancer.

CDK4/6-IN-17 (compound 12) is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CDK4/6, demonstrating potent activity with IC50 values between 10-100 nM in BE(2) cells.

3-Hydroxyxanthone (3-Hydroxy-xanthen-9-one), a xanthone derivative, exhibits inhibitory effects on NADPH-catalyzed lipid peroxidation in human umbilical vein

H3B-968 is a potent inhibitor of Werner syndrome protein (WRN) with an IC50 of approximately 10 nM, effectively targeting its helicase, ATPase, and exonuclease

CDK9-IN-8 is a highly potent and selective CDK9 inhibitor (IC50: 12 nM).

DNA Gyrase-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of DNA gyrase, demonstrating antimicrobial activity with an IC50 of 8.45 µM [1].

c-Myc inhibitor 8 suppresses cell growth in various cancers and is used in research.

BI-1950: potent inhibitor of LFA-1, key in immune function and drug target.

DMA-IN-1 is a DNA adenine methyltransferase (DAM) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 48 μM.

GSPT1 degrader-2 is a potent degrader of GSPT1 [1].

pppApG serves as an initial substrate for the synthesis of vRNA (viral RNA) and cRNA (complementary RNA), with applications in influenza virus research [1].

53BP1-binding protein 1 (53BP1) engages with dimethylated lysine 20 on histone 4 (H4K20me2) through its tandem tudor domains within a homodimer configuration, crucial for the DNA damage response. UNC2170, a micromolar 53BP1 ligand, selectively interacts with this site, demonstrating at least 17-fold preference for 53BP1 over similar proteins. This interaction occurs in a pocket formed by the 53BP1's tudor domains. Moreover, UNC2170 acts as an antagonist to 53BP1 in cellular lysates, effectively inhibiting class switch recombination, a process dependent on the functional 53BP1 tudor domain, thus confirming its cellular activity.

Thymidine-5’-O-(α,β-methylene)diphosphate (TMP-CP), a hydrolytically stable derivative of TDP, functions as an inhibitor of thymidine kinase (Ki = 23 µM).

Bexotegrast (PLN-74809) inhibits αVβ1/αVβ6 integrins, preventing TGF-β1 activation to treat IPF and PSC.

RIOK2-IN-1 (com 4) is a selective RIOK2 inhibitor with a Kd of 150 nM, though it demonstrates low cellular activity with an IC50 of 14,600 nM.

(±)9(10)-DiHOME, the diol derivative of (±)9(10)-EpOME—a cytochrome P450-derived epoxide of linoleic acid also known as leukotoxin—is formed through the action of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in neutrophils. It exhibits toxicity towards Sf21 cells expressing sEH as well as tolacZ-expressing control cells, differing from leukotoxin which only harms sEH-containing cells. Furthermore, combined exposure to 9(10)- and 12(13)-DiHOME leads to cell death in rabbit renal proximal tubule cells by disrupting mitochondrial respiration, and causes lung injury, respiratory distress, and mortality in mice, highlighting its role as a toxic lipid mediator. Specifically, 9(10)-DiHOME has been associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe and often deadly complication in patients with major burns. Elevated levels of this compound have been detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of women, but not men, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and its levels are also increased in patients with allergic asthma, indicating its significance in respiratory conditions.

Abetimus (LJP 394 free base), an immunosuppressant composed of four double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) oligonucleotides, can crosslink anti-dsDNA antibodies on B cell

PD 121373, a Benzothiopyrano-indazole, inhibits nucleic acid synthesis, equally affecting DNA/RNA.

NSC15520 is an RPA inhibitor that inhibits helical destabilization of double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and can be used to study DNA damage repair.

Integrin Antagonists 27 is a small molecule integrin αvβ3 antagonist. It has a binding affinity of 18 nM and as a novel anticancer agent.

KIF18A-IN-7 is an orally active inhibitor targeting KIF18A, demonstrating potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 9.4 nM against the microtubule-dependent

OXA-06 hydrochloride, an ATP-competitive ROCK inhibitor, impedes anchorage-dependent growth and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. It effectively inhibits cofilin phosphorylation without inducing apoptosis [1].

Cytidine 3'-monophosphate, a ribonucleotide, results from the hydrolysis of cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate via RNase—a process that cytidine 3'-monophosphate itself inhibits. Additionally, it can be dephosphorylated to cytidine by 3'-nucleotidase.

CCT239065 is a novel, selective, and efficacious nanomolar pyridopyrazinone V600EBRAF and LCK inhibitor.

Galidesivir hydrochloride is an inhibitor of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). It inhibits SARS-CoV-2 by tightly binding to its RdRp.

GSK2646264 (Compound 44) inhibits SYK (pIC50=7.1) and kinases like LCK, LRRK2; penetrates skin.

Carotegrast, an orally available α4 integrin receptor inhibitor, has anti-inflammatories activities.

USP1-IN-6 (Compound 11) functions as a potent USP1 inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 value of less than 50 nM.

CDK8-IN-3 is an inhibitor of CDK8.

hDHODH-IN-1 is an inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) with an anti-inflammatory effect.

VER-00158411 is a checkpoint kinase 1 and CHK2 inhibitor (IC50: 4.4 nM and 4.5 nM, respectively).

MOMA-341, ATP-competitive WRN allosteric inhibitor (Cys727 site), induces DNA damage and tumor regression in dMMR/MSI-H models, for solid tumors.

CDK7-IN-14 (compound 3) is a pyrimidine-derived CDK7 inhibitor applicable for studying cancers associated with transcriptional dysregulation.

Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate (ara-CMP), an active metabolite of the nucleoside analog cytarabine formed by deoxycytidine kinase, is incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerase α, significantly slowing DNA synthesis. It inhibits nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication in S. cerevisiae at 15 mM and improves survival in an L1210 murine leukemia model at 3.5-75.1 mg/kg.

5′-Guanylyl methylenediphosphonate (sodium) serves as a GTP analogue and acts as a specific, competitive inhibitor of the GTP reaction in protein synthesis [1].

CDK9-IN-29 (compound Z11) is a potent inhibitor of CDK9, exhibiting high kinase selectivity and an IC50 value of 3.20 nM.

USP1-IN-5 (compound 10) is a potent inhibitor of both USP1, with an IC50 of less than 50 nM, and MDA-MB-436 cells, where it also exhibits an IC50 of less than

Halofuginone hydrochloride (RU-19110), a derivative of Febrifugine, functions as a competitive inhibitor of prolyl-tRNA synthetase, displaying a Ki value of 18.3 nM. This compound effectively inhibits type-I collagen synthesis, providing therapeutic benefits in osteoarthritis (OA) by impeding TGF-β signaling. Additionally, it serves as a potent pulmonary vasodilator, mainly through the activation of Kv channels and the inhibition of various calcium channels including voltage-gated, receptor-operated, and store-operated ones. Beyond its vascular effects, Halofuginone hydrochloride exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-fibrotic properties, supported by multiple studies.

8-NH2-ATP tetrasodium, an inactive ATP variant, originates from 8-NH2-Ado tetrasodium, which triggers the apoptosis-associated cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase [1] [2].

KY386 is a potent and selective DHX33 helicase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 19 nM.

Palmitoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid, a palmitoylated Carba-like cyclophosphatidic acid and LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) analog, possesses distinct biological activities compared to LPA, including the inhibition of RhoA activation and melanoma cell migration. This compound has demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting experimental lung metastasis and reducing tumor nodule counts in a B16-F0 xenograft mouse model [1].

PLK4-IN-4 (compound 22), a potent inhibitor of PLK4, exhibits an IC50 value of 7.9 nM, suggesting its potential use in cancer research [1].

Wee1 Inhibitor I is an ATP-binding site-targeting Wee1 inhibitor.

Amotosalen is a Dermatologic Agent.

αvβ1 integrin-IN-2 (compound 32) is a potent inhibitor of ανβ1 and α5β1 integrins, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.9 nM and 33 nM, respectively.

WRN Inhibitor 5 (Example 157), a cyclic vinyl sulfone-based compound, serves as an inhibitor of Werner Syndrome ATP-dependent helicase enzyme (WRN).

LDC3140 is a potent inhibitor of Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7).

L-Methioninamide hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of methionyl-tRNA synthetase that reduces the toxicity of CDDP.

CT1113, a potent inhibitor of both USP28 and USP25, effectively reduces MYC levels in vivo and demonstrates anti-tumor efficacy in a mouse pancreatic cancer CDX

GRK2 Inhibitor 2 (Compound 8h), with an IC50 of 19 nM for GRK2 and 137 nM for Aurora-A, enhances β-AR-mediated cAMP accumulation in GRK2-overexpressing HEK293

Mevociclib (SY-1365) is a highly selective covalent inhibitor of CDK7. SY-1365 possesses therapeutic potential in both hematological and solid tumors.

Zaurategrast (CDP323) is an oral α4-integrin antagonist that blocks VCAM-1 interactions and is used to study immune cell trafficking.

DNA polymerase-IN-3 (Compd 5b), a coumarin derivative, demonstrates inhibitory activity against Taq DNA polymerase and has potential applications in

Pelitrexol (AG2037) is a GARFT inhibitor, which can inhibit the activity of mTORC1, block the cell cycle in the s-phase, with antiproliferative activity,NSCLC .

NVS-SM2 boosts SMN2 splicing, enhances exon 7 inclusion, and raises SMN protein levels orally.

CASK-IN-1 is a highly potent and selective CASK inhibitor with a K d value of 0.022 μM.

BMT-090605: AAK1 inhibitor (IC50=0.6 nM), also affects BIKE (45 nM) and GAK (60 nM), has antinociceptive properties.

PLK1/p38γ-IN-1 (compound 14) serves as a dual inhibitor targeting both PLK1 and p38γ kinases, effectively suppressing the proliferation of human hepatocellular

SB-267268: αvβ3 inhibitor (IC50: 0.68 nM human, 0.29 nM mouse), blocks αvβ3/αvβ5 integrins (Ki: 0.9 nM human, 0.5 nM monkey αvβ3, 0.7 nM human αvβ5).

5'-ODMT cEt m5U Phosphoramidite Amidite, a locked nucleic acid (LNA) analog, demonstrates exceptional safety and antisense activity [1] [2].

3-Cyanovinylcarbazole phosphoramidite: an antiviral, hinders viral DNA synthesis, modifies ribonucleotides.

GW814408X, a kinase chemical genome group (KCGS) compound, inhibits the AURKC kinase, which is involved in cell cycle progression, checkpoint regulation, and cell division. It exhibits cell line-dependent toxicity, such as cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells, and acts as a protein kinase inhibitor across ATP-dependent and -independent luciferases, potentially impacting Fluc reporter assays [1].

5'-ODMT cEt N-Bz A Phosphoramidite Amidite, a locked nucleic acid (LNA) analogue, exhibits hybridization and mismatch discrimination capabilities similar to LNA, and shows resistance to exonuclease digestion [1].

JNJ-26076713, an oral alpha V integrin blocker, may treat macular edema, AMD, and diabetic retinopathy.

Compound 6k, also known as Anti-hepatic fibrosis agent 2, is an orally active inhibitor of the COL1A1 enzyme and exerts anti-fibrogenic effects by targeting the

Mps1-IN-6 (Compound 9) is a highly effective Mps1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6.4 nM and exhibits significant anti-proliferation and anti-tumor effects on

HQ005, a potent CCNK degrader, exhibits an impressive DC50 value of 0.041 µM and functions as a molecular-glue degrader.

TNH, a dimeric compound, possesses the ability to penetrate living cells and facilitate the recruitment of proteins into cellular structures [1].

PD-321852, a Chk1 inhibitor, boosts gemcitabine's effect in pancreatic cancer cells, varying from minimal in Panc1 to >30-fold in MiaPaCa2.

Pen is an oral cancer drug that blocks DNA synthesis by inhibiting key enzymes and integrating into DNA.

CDK9-IN-2, a CDK9 inhibitor from patent WO/2012131594A1, IC50: 5 nM in A2058, 7 nM in H929 at 72hr.

PTC258 is a specific, orally active modulator of the splicing of the Elongator complex protein 1 gene (ELP1), enhancing its expression both in vitro and in vivo

Lerociclib (G1T38) is a CDK4/6 inhibitor with anticancer and antitumor activities, inhibiting CDK4/CyclinD1 and CDK6/CyclinD3.

FT671 is a non-covalent, selective USP7 inhibitor, disrupts the stability of USP7 substrates including MDM2, elevates p53, induces p21, inhibits tumor growth.

SJ26 is a Wnt1 inhibitor known for its anticancer activity. It inhibits the expression of WNT1 and the downstream signaling pathways mediated by WNT1 in a G-quadruplex structure-dependent manner, thereby suppressing the migratory activity of cancer cells.

AVG-233 is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor with antiviral activity for the study of respiratory syncytial virus infections.

PDD00031705 is a benzimidazolone core cell-inactive Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.

DYRKs-IN-2 has antitumor activity. DYRKs-IN-2 is a potent DYRKs inhibitor with IC50s of 30.6 nM and 12.8 nM for DYRK1B and DYRK1A, respectively.

MS-444 (BE-34776) is an MLCK and HuR inhibitor with antitumor activity that can be used to study triple-negative breast cancer and colorectal cancer.

CCT241533 hydrochloride is an effective and selective ATP competitive inhibitor of CHK2 (Ki: 1.16 nM; IC50: 3 nM).

ROCK2-IN-2 is a selective inhibitor of ROCK2 (IC50 of <1 μM).

LX7101 is a potent inhibitor of both LIM kinase (LIMK) 1 and 2, and Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) and ROCK2, with IC50 values of 32, 4.3, 69, and 32 nM, respectively. It is selective, demonstrated by its lack of cross-reactivity in a panel of binding assays involving 78 receptors, transporters, and an additional 430 kinases, at a concentration of 10 μM. The topical administration of LX7101 (3 μl of a 1 mg/ml solution) to the eye has been shown to reduce intraocular pressure in a dexamethasone-induced mouse model of glaucoma.

4′-DTMP (4-Demethyltrimethoprim) is a DHFR inhibitor with antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli.

ROCK2 inhibitor is a chemical compound associated with the therapeutic management of psoriasis.