Oligosaccharides

<p>Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin. The polysaccharide is deacetylated in order to render it soluble, which is then possible at pH values of less than 7 (normally in dilute acid). This then allows the material to be used in a number of industrial applications as a binder and film former.</p>

<p>Lactulose is a non-absorbable sugar used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It is used by mouth for constipation and either by mouth or in the rectum for hepatic encephalopathy. It generally begins working after 8-12 hours, but may take up to 2 days to improve constipation.</p>

<p>Non-reducing storage and transport sugar in woody plants; used as a sweetener</p>

<p>α 1,4-glucooctasaccharide derived from starch by hydrolysis and chromatography</p>

<p>4-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)ribitol is a disaccharide that is antigenic and has been shown to elicit an antibody response in rabbits. The carbohydrate is a determinant for the staphylococcus group A antigen and is an epitope for the S. aureus group D antigen. 4-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)ribitol also shows inhibitory activity against bacterial growth, including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus.</p>

<p>Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are a class of oligosaccharides that consist of galactose, galactose derivatives, and glucose. They are found in the human diet as a result of lactose breakdown by gut bacteria. GOS can bind to glycoconjugates in the human body, such as glycoproteins and glycolipids, and have been shown to be effective in preventing the growth of pathogens. Galacto-oligosaccharides are also synthetically produced, using a chromatographic method that separates them into individual sugars, where they can be used for research or diagnostic purposes. The biosynthesis of GOS is also known; it is an enzyme-catalyzed reaction involving calcium ions. This process is regulated by Ca2+ signaling, which leads to an increase in the production of GOS when there is a need for more immune cells or white blood cells.</p>

<p>Starting material for semi-synthesis of N-glycans</p>

<p>Biotin-labelled oligosaccharide domain of the monosialylated glycosphingolipid GM2 of a-series. The compound is present on neuronal cells and plays a key role in the regulation of dendritogenesis in cortical pyramidal neurons. In lysosomal storage disorders Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease, where hexosaminases A and B are deficient, GM2 ganglioside accumulates in the nervous system. GM2 is also overexpressed in melanomas and other tumours of neuro-ecto origin. Moreover, the sugar moiety of this ganglioside is a receptor allowing viral infection of cells with reovirus and rotavirus.</p>

<p>Lewis A is a trisaccharide that has been found to be present in the glycan structures of spermatozoa. It has also been identified as a major component of the glycan structures on the surface of HL-60 cells. Lewis A is composed of three monosaccharides, galactose, fucose, and N-acetylgalactosamine, which are linked together with a beta (1→4) linkage. The hydroxyl group on the galactose molecule allows for steric interactions with neighboring sugar molecules through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. The Lewis A trisaccharide is an important marker for identifying blood type O because it does not have any antigenic determinants that can cause an immune response.</p>

<p>Kestoheptaose is a long-chain inulin with a molecular weight of 1,000 Da. It is found in the plant family Asteraceae and is the only natural polysaccharide with seven glucose units. Kestoheptaose has been shown to be involved in the regulation of muscle glycogen levels and can be used as a supplement for athletes or those who are active. The biochemical functions of Kestoheptaose have been validated using an oral ethanol extract, which was shown to increase muscle glycogen levels by up to 132%. This extract also decreased malondialdehyde concentrations by up to 41% and increased urea nitrogen levels by up to 89%.</p>

<p>2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-a-D-cellobiosyl bromide is a naturally occurring trisubstituted steroidal glycoside. It is insoluble in water and activated by chloride ions. 2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-a-D-cellobiosyl bromide has been shown to have antiviral properties in mammalian tissue cultures. This compound also has potential use as an ingredient in skin care products due to its ability to inhibit the production of fatty acids that are essential for the replication of viruses.<br>2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-a-D-cellobiosyl bromide can be found in microalgae and food composition as a nutrient.</p>

<p>6'-a-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine-PAA-biotin is a biotin labelled sialyllactose.  PAA - poly-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide.  The MW of PAA is ca 20,000DaSugar content: ca 10 mol%</p>

<p>Man-3a N-Glycan is a N-linked oligosaccharide with a trimannosyl core</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-4-O-levulinoyl-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-(4 methoxybenzyl)-2 deoxy 6 - O-(4 methoxybenzyl) - 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate that can be custom synthesized. It has been fluorinated. The modification of methyl groups on the saccharide moiety and its glycosylation make it a highly purified carbohydrate. This product has CAS No. 71181, Click modification, and Modification.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-6-sulfo-D-glucopyranose sodium salt is a synthetic compound that is used in glycosylation reactions. It can be used for the production of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates, as well as for the modification of natural products. 2 Acetamido -2 deoxy -4 O-(b-D galactopyranosyl) -6 sulfo D glucopyranose sodium salt has a purity of 98% and was synthesized by fluorination. The CAS number is 145447 78 5.</p>

<p>Glycyl-sialyllacto-N-tetraose a is a custom synthesis that is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 471. It has the CAS No. of 882859-14-6 and can be modified by methylation, glycosylation, and fluorination. This saccharide is a polysaccharide that can be modified by glycosylation, methylation, and click modification. The carbohydrate has a high purity and can be synthesized using organic chemistry or biochemistry techniques. Glycyl-sialyllacto-N-tetraose a is an Oligosaccharide with a sugar composition of (1) D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (2) D-Sorbitol 3 phosphate (3) Lactose (4) Glycyl-(1→4)-β--D--Galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-α</p>

<p>2,4,6-Tri-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-benzyl a -D -mannopyranose is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the click chemistry reaction. It is an example of a glycosylation reaction, in which the sugar is conjugated to an amine group on the triphosphate moiety of uridine diphosphate glucose. The product has been modified with fluorination and methylation to improve its stability.</p>

<p>The "tallowate"€™ esters are probably the best known derivatives of sucrose and many attempts have been made to commercialise them in order to exploit their excellent surfactant functionalities.  The most functional products are the mono- and diesters of the tallow acids (stearic, palmitic, oleic) with hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) values that lend themselves to surfactant applications in foods and cosmetics.  They also have other uses, for example in coating fruits with a semipermeable membrane that acts as a preservative.  Manufacturing economics have prevented these products from mass production and they remain in niche applications.</p>

<p>a1,2-Galactobiosyl b-methyl glycoside is a methylated galactose monosaccharide that is covalently bound to the terminal amino group of b-methyl glycosides. The fluorination of the methyl group can be achieved by reacting with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a palladium catalyst. This modification increases the stability of the compound and reduces its susceptibility to hydrolysis. The synthesis of this product is carried out using custom synthesis by clicking reaction with an azide moiety on a benzyl alcohol derivative. The resulting product has CAS No., Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide, saccharide, Carbohydrate, Fluorination, complex carbohydrate, High purity, Modification, Monosaccharide, sugar Synthetic properties.</p>

<p>A carbohydrate that is a modification of the saccharide, oligosaccharide, sugar, or fluorinated carbons. It is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from monosaccharides. This compound has an acetylated glucopyranosyl group and a methylated glucopyranosyl group that are attached by an acetal linkage. The compound can be modified with click chemistry to produce a desired product.</p>