Toxicology

<p>Applications Spiromesifen is a useful insecticide and miticide in plant breeding. Also useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications Dopamine (D1 and D2) receptor agonist. Emetic. Antiparkinsonian.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Neumeyer, J.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 1850 (1970), Ginos, J.Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1194 (1975), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 121 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Anorexic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pinder, et al.: Drugs, 10, 241 (1975), Caccia, S., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 29, 221 (1985), Finner, N., et al.: Curr. Ther. Res., 38, 847 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Gliftor is a rodenticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Menon, K., et al.: J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 15, 47 (2001); Xie, W., et al.: J. Hygiene Res. 31, 316 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications The major metabolite of herbicidal Glufosinate (G596950).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Ropivacaine (R675000). Anesthetic (local).<br>References Cederholm. I., et al.: Reg. Anesth., 19, 18 (1994), Johansson, B., et al.: Anesth. Analg., 78, 210 (1994), Oda, Y., et al.: Anesthesiology, 82, 214 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Haloxyfop-d4 is the labeled analogue of (±)-Haloxyfop (H104040) a herbicide.<br>References Manalil, S., et. al.: Weed Sci., 59, 210 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Protic Solvent<br>Applications Cefalonium is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used as a long-acting intramammary cerate for infusion of dairy cows.<br>References Endo, T.: Kach. Kokin. Kenk., 12, 8 (1991); Berry, E.A. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 90, 760 (2007); Bradley, A.J. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 1566 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled 24 Bisphenol S (B519620) is a material used in thermal printing. 24 Bisphenol S is also used in the development of black leuco dyes.<br>References Shima, H. et al.: J. Imag. Sci. Technol., 54, 020502 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-Naproxen-d3 is the labeled analogue of (S)-Naproxen (N377520), an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Harrison, I.T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 203 (1970)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Chlorhexidine Diacetate EP Impurity C<br>Applications An impurity standard for Chlorhexidine.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity F / USP Azithromycin Related Compound F<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Azithromycin impurity.<br>References Kirst, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 33, 1419 (1989), Fouda, H., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 17, 179 (1995), Gandhi, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 23, 1073 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyribambenz-Isopropyl is used in method for controlling herbicide resistant or tolerant weeds.<br>References Kraemer, G., et al.: PCT Int. Appl.,(2019);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled (R)-Cetirizine (C281100). A nonsedating type histamine H1-receptor antagonist. A major metabolite of Hydroxyzine. Pharmacological activity resides primarily in the (R)-isomer. Antihystaminic.<br>References De Vos, C., et al.: Ann. Allergy, 59, 278 (1987), Juhlin, L., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 80, 599 (1987), Fadel, R., et al.: Clin. Allergy, 17, 373 (1987), Gengo, F.M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 42, 265 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Atrazine is a major metabolite of Atrazine (A794600).<br>References Thurman, E., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 26, 2440 (1992), Evgenidou, E., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 6423 (2002), Namiesnik, J., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 381, 279 (2005), Hultgren, S., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 393, 929 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Difenacoum is a 4-hydroxycouramin derivative. Difenacoum is a second generation anticoagulant rodenticide used against rodent pests such as rats and mice.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hadler, M.R. et al.: J. Hygiene, 74, 441 (1975); Rehman, A.B. et al.: J. Pharm., 1, 1 (1982); Quy, R.J. et al.: Crop Prot., 11, 14 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications An anticonvulsant, hypnotic. A metabolite of Mephenytoin.<br>References Knabe, J., et al.: Arch. Phar., 313, 538 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclacillin is an aminosalicylic semisynthetic penicillin; Antibiotic.<br>References Scheld, W.M., et. al.: Antimicrob. Agents CH., 30, 350 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fosthiazate is a pesticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lehotay, S., et al.: J. AOAC Int., 88, 595 (2005); Hiemstra, M., et al.: J. Chromat. A, 1154, 3 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications An isotopically Labelled analog of retinoic acid. Physiological metabolite of vitamin A. Effects gene expression via nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR); mediates cellular growth and differentiation.A representative lot contains 11% d4, no d0 or d1 present.<br>References Kamm, J.J., et al.: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 6, 652 (1982), Warrel, R.P., et al.: Leukemia, 8, 929 (1994), Sasai, Y., et al.: J. Neurol., 249, 41 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications o-Isopropoxyphenol is used in the synthesis of α1-adrenoreceptor antagonist activity of tamsulosin analogues. Also used in the preparation of 5-HT1A receptor agonists.<br>References Sagratini, G. et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 45, 5800 (2010); Franchini, S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2017 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications DEET is an Insect repellent.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Gilbert, I.H., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 48, 741 (1955), Ambrose, A.M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 1, 97 (1959), Blomquist, L., Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 41, 235 (1977), Yeung, J.M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 16, 600 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fumagillol is an analog of Fumagillin (F862650), a compound isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Fumagillin is an antimicrobial agent used in the treatment of microsporidiosis. Fumagillin shows promise as both an an anti-infective and antiangiogenic agent.<br>References Molina, J.M. et al.: N. Eng. J. Med., 346, 1963 (2002); Hou, L. et al.: Pathol. Int., 59, 448 (2009); Ingber, D. et al.: Nature, 348, 555 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor. Antifungal.<br>References Fung-Tomc., J.C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42, 313 (1988), Tsuruoka, A., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 46, 623 (1998), Gupta, A.K., et al.: J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol., 19, 437 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyflubumide is an acaricide used in the control of phytophagous mites.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhang, Y.: Shijie Nongyao, 38, 15 (2016), Furuya, T., et al.: J. Pest. Sci. , 40, 38 (2015), Van L., et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 121, 12 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Colestilan, is a copolymer of 2-methyl-1H-imidazole and epichlorohydrin, and a bile acid sequestrans, that can be used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia.<br>References Handelsman, Y., et al.: Diabetes Care, 34, S244 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Potent, selective inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes with anticarcinogenic properties. Occurs naturally in broccoli. It was found to inhibit chemically induced mammary tumor formation in rats. Antitumor agent.<br>References Zhang, Y., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 2399 (1992), Shikita, M., et al.: Biochem. J., 341, 725 (1999), Wittich, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 3296 (2002), Lee, J., et al.: Cancer Lett., 224, 171 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dolutegravir is a second generation HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Dolutegravir is currently in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of HIV infection. Dolutegravir has been shown to potently inhibit HIV replication in cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), MT-4 cells and CIP4 cells infected with a self-inactivating PHIV lentiviral vector.<br>References Kobayashi, M. et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 55, 813 (2011); Garrido, C. et al.: Antiviral, Res., 90, 164 (2011); Lenz, J.C.C. et al.: Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 20, 537 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled imidazole, a versatile heterocycle used in the preparation of various biologically active compounds such as the amino acid histidine and is present in many antifungal medication. It is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor on transition metals such as copper.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Arispe, N. et al.: Biophys. J., 95, 4879 (2008); Troesken, E.R. et al.: Endo. Res., 30, 387 (2004); Otmacic Curkovic, H. et al.: Corr. Sci., 51, 2342 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]-formamide is an impurity of miconazole (M342500). Antifungal (topical).<br>References Godefroi, E.F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 12, 784 (1969), Brugmans, et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 102, 428 (1970), Heel, R.C., et al.: Drugs, 19, 7 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Potassium channel blocker.<br>References Carmeliet, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 262, 809 (1992), Norgaard, B.L., et al.: Am. Heart J., 137, 1062 (1999), Torp-Pedersen, C., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 857 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Fenthion (FEN).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Buratti, F., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 167, 245 (2006), Buratti, F., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 295 (2005), Buratti, F., et al.: Toxicology, 241, 33 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Strobilurin fungicide; inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1. Agricultural fungicide. Used in Pesticide detection. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Smalling, K., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 29, 2593 (2010), Lu, X., et al.: Phytopathol., 100, 1162 (2010), Schafer, R., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 1665 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications A nonsteroidal, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Antiosteoporotic.Insoluble in water.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jone, C.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 27, 1057 (1984), Buelke-Sam, J., et al.: Reprod. Toxicol., 12, 217 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Mezlocillin Sodium is an antibacterial agent. Penicillin antibiotic effective against gram negative and gram positive bacteria.<br>References Sanders, C. et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 9, 15 (1982); Gasca, M. et al.: Am. J. Hosp. Pharm., 44, 574 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications Flurprimidol is a plant growth regulator used to control stem elongation.<br>References Lee, J., et al.: Horttechnology, 25, 480-486 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Controlled substance (stimulant). CNS stimulant. Four isomers of Methylphenidate are known to exist. One pair of threo isomers and one pair of erythro are distinguished, from which only d-threo-Methylphenidate exhibits the pharmacologically usually desired effects. This compound is a 4:1 mixture of rac-erythro (M325670) and rac-threo (M325671).<br>References Greenblatt, E.N., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 131, 115 (1961), Padmanabhan, G.R., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 473 (1981), Srinivas, N.R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 14 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Quercetin 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide is the major metabolite of Quercetin (Q509500).<br>References Ajay, M., et al.: Life Sci., 74, 603 (2003), Shen, S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 197, 84 (2004), Amira, S., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol. 599, 126 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Metolachlor is an acyanilide herbicide similar to selective pre-emergence herbicides (1). It is a contaminant in the groundwater and potential pollutant (2). This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. McGahen, L. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978 26 (2), pp 414–4192. Chesters, G. et al.: Rev. Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989;110:1-74.<br></p>

<p>Applications Diazoxon, is the oxidized form of Diazinon (D416880), an organophosphate insecticide. Diazoxon, is shown to be a more potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lazarevic-Pasti, T. D., et al.: J. Electroanal. Chem., 692 (2013); Pasti, T. L., J. Environ. Protect. Ecology, 12, 1168 (2011);<br></p>