Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Applications L-Threonolactone is formed in the autoxidation of L-Ascorbic acid (A786990), a compound that is essential for numerous enzymatic reactions in the body and is also responsible for scavenging free radicals to prevent oxidative damage to cells.<br>References Miyake, N., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Bioch., 61, 2069 (1997); Kvernberg, P. &amp; Pedersen, B.: Acta Chem. Scand., 48, 646 (1994); Tsukaguchi, H., et al.: Nature, 399, 70 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Used for fragrance compositions and perfumes with long-lasting fragrance.<br>References Ternes, T., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 225, 81 (1999), Simonich, S., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 2839 (2002) Metcalfe, C., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 22, 2872 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Potassium p-Nitrophenyl Sulphate (cas# 6217-68-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Pivaloylglycine is used in the biological study between dogs and rats. In a high dose toxicity study of pivalic acid (PA), PA caused skeletal muscle disorder in dog, and a significant increase of pivaloyl carnitine (PC) was observed in canine muscle, but not in rat muscle.<br>References Yamaguchi, T., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 214, 61-68 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled L-Serine is used in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines as antibacterial/antifungal agents, as well as acting as a proteinogenic compound.<br>References Olivella, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 6109 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Oleyl Oleate is a synthetic analog of jojoba oil. Used as a wax ester for various applications.<br>References Lopes, D. et al.: Food Sci. Biotech., 20, 1203 (2011); Radzi, S. et al.: J. Oleo. Sci., 59, 127 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulforhodamine 101 is a red fluorescent dye used in the calcium imaging methods in neurophysiological experiments.Dyes and metabolites.<br>References Strouse, J., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 437, 77 (2013); Collot, M., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 14923 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Acid violet 17 is an anionic dye used in adsorption studies and to dye proteins in electrophoresis applications. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val p-Nitroanilide is a highly sensitive peptide substrate that is hydrolyzed by both human and mouse neutrophil elastase and PR3 but not cathespin.<br>References Rao. N. et al.: J. Biol., 266, 9450 (1991); Mantovani, A. et al.: Nat. Rev. Immunol., 11, 519 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hansa Yellow is used in method for dyeing keratinous material, comprising the use of an Organosilicon compound, a Chromophoric compound and a film-forming polymer II.<br>References Krohn, R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., (2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Aminoisoquinoline is a reactant used in the preparation of N-[{2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl}methyl] N'-(6,6-fused heterocyclic) ureas as highly potent TRPV1 antagonists.<br>References Sun, W., et. al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 25, 803 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-6-[N,N-di(2-hydroxybenzyl)amino]-9-isopropylpurine (cas# 1076199-83-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A constituent of nucleic acids.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Miles, et al.: Science, 142, 1458 (1963), Bugg, et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 3, 436 (1968),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light and Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Menaquinones are isoprenoid quinones of the naphthalene series and belongs to the K2 Vitamin homologs. Menaquinones were originally discovered as the anti-hemorrhagic factor and now encompasses a variety of physiological processes. Menaquinone 7 belongs to the class of K2-Vitamins homologs. Menaquinone 7 has been identified as the most bioactive cofactor for the carboxylation reaction of Gla-proteins such as osteocalcin and matrix-Gla protein, which plays a crucial role in building and maintaining overall bone health.<br>References Hugenholtz, P., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 180, 4765 (1998), Ginet, N., et al.: Biochemistry, 40, 1812 (2001), Cape, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 34654 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Azido-5-deoxy-D-fructose (cas# 94801-02-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Abacavir-d4 is deuterium labeled Abacavir (A104990). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Pigment Red 23 (cas# 6471-49-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Vailne. L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.<br>References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-O-(α-D-Galactopyranosyl)-D-galactose is used in determination of antibody potency in blood serum by ELISA<br>References Abramenko, I.V., et al.: Tsitologiya, 35 (5), 91 (1993), Kelly, R.F., et al.: Mol. Microbiol., 10 (3), 615 (1993), Stortz, C.A., et al.: J. Carbohydr. Chem., 13 (2), 235 (1994), Neethling, F.A., et al.: Transplantation, 57 (6), 959 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Proflavine hemisulfate (CAS# 1811-28-5) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A sulfhydryl reactive homobifunctional crosslinking reagent.Spacer Arm: 13.3 Angstroms<br>References Han, J.C., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 220, 5 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Decanoyl-L-carnitine-d3 Chloride is the isotope labelled analog of Decanoyl-L-carnitine Chloride (D212580); a metabolite of L-Carnitine (C184110) which is an essential cofactor of fatty acid metabolism. Also required for the transport of fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane.<br>References Mitchell, M.E., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 31, 293 (1978); Lango, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 51, 21 (2001); Vaz, F.M., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 361, 417 (2002); Karlic, H., et al.: Nutrition, 20, 709 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-erythro-N,N-Dimethylsphingosine is general modulator of protein kinases . D-erythro-N,N-Dimethylsphingosine is implicated in neuropathic pain.<br>References Igarashi, Y. et al.: Biochemistry, 28, 6796 (1989), Igarashi, Y. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 265, 5385 (1990); Chemical and Engineering News, 90(4) 8 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ademethionine 1,4-Butanedisulfonate is used in the synthesis of sulfonio-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) salts.<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycine conjugated Hyodeoxycholate, facilitates the biological transport of Hyodeoxycholate within the intestine<br>References Yang, L., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 21, 2280 (2008), Sato, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 4849 (2008), Gnewuch, C., et al.: World J. Gastroenterol., 15, 3134 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sphingosine base present in crayfish and drosophila, contributing to muscle degeneration<br>References Kita, K., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 268, 592 (2001), Fyrst, H., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 49, 597 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite from endophytes of the medicinal plant Erythrina crista-galli.<br>References Stadler, M., et al.: Planta Med., 60, 128 (1994), Kopcke, B., et al.: Phytochemistry, 60, 709 (2002), Chu, M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 66, 1527 (2003), Weber, D., et al.: J. Antibiot., 57, 559 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Mutilin, is used to perform biological studies with focus on antimicrobial activity. This complex is also a reagent in the production of pleuromutilin derivatives.<br>References Helmut, E., et al.: J. Antibiot., 29, 923 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications 10-Azido-1-decanol (cas# 57395-48-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycolithocholic-2,2,4,4-d4 Acid (CAS# 2044276-16-4) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of 17α-Methyltestosterone (M326400).<br>References Dumasia, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 11, 323 (1981), Tang, P., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 182, 289 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Valaciclovir EP Impurity M<br>Applications N-Formyl Valacyclovir (Valaciclovir EP Impurity M) Valacyclovir (V085000) impurity.<br>References Furman, P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 20, 518 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N,N’-Diacetyl-L-lanthionine Disodium Salt is a derivative of N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (A172091), which is a metabolite of Methyl Isocyanate.<br>References Slatter, J. G., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 4, 157 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Used in peptide N-terminal amino acid determination.<br>References Prota, G., et al.: Biochimie, 53, 51 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Stability Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications An amine reactive fluorescent labeling reagent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethionine-induced inhibition of protein synthesis and lowering of ATP level in the liver.<br>References Rotig, A., et al.: Lancet, 356, 391 (2000), Forsgren, M., et al.: Biochem. J., 382, 519 (2004), Johnson, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 31397 (2005), Horvath, R., et al.: Neurology, 66, 253 (2006), Mollet, M., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 117, 765 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) Sodium Salt is useful for various surfactant applications.<br>References Mansour, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., et al.: 96, 377 (2006); Dudia, A., et al.: Nano Lett., 8, 1105 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Poly(ethylene Glycol) molecules of an average molecular mass of 600. Poly(ethylene Glycol) is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry. Recent research has shown PEG maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals. In rats, it has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery. It is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction. PEG is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.<br>References Borgens, R. et al.: J. Neurosci. Res., 66, 1179 (2001); Stavisky, R. et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 376, 98 (2005); Nalam, P. et al.: Tribiol. Lett., 37, 541 (2010); Steinmetz, N. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 17093 (2009); Li, X. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 11147 (2011); Li, L. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 447, 192 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Chloro-1,4-phenylenediamine Sulfate<br></p>

<p>Applications Propargyl Butylcarbamate is used in the preparation of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schmaus, G., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2007), WO 2007062957 A1 20070607;<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications An anthraquinone derivative that is a potent and selective protein kinase CK1 delta inhibitor. Studies suggest that it has potential solar cell applications. Used in studies as a potential competitive non-peptidic inhibitor of HIV-1 proteinase. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Cozza, G. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18, 5672 (2008); Brovelli, F. et al.: Polym. Bull., 58, 521 (2007); Brinkworth, R.I. et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Prot. Struct. Mol. Enzymol., 1253, 5 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4,6-Di(methyl-d3)benzen-2,3,5-d3-amine is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Aminohippuric Acid is used in the measurement of renal plasma flow as a diagnostic tool which may be applied towards kidney disorders.<br>References Phillips, R. et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 152, 523 (1948);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pentaethylene glycol dichloride is a useful synthetic intermediate. Pentaethylene glycol dichloride is used as a reagent to prepare various Crown Ethers.<br>References Peng, C., et al.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 70, 501 (1998); Park, S., et al.: Chem. Lett., 35, 1024 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Food Red No. 102 is an artificial coloring food additive. Dye. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References McCann, D. et al.: Lancet. 370, 1560 (2007); Kim, Y. et al.: Text. Res. J., 71, 318 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Nitrophenyl-α-L-arabinofuranoside is a substrate for the enzyme arabinofuranosidase.<br>References Tefsen, B., et. al.: Biol. Chem., 393, 767 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,5-Diiodo-DL-tyrosine is used for diagnosis of hypothyroidism caused by DEHAL1 gene defects.<br>References Encinas, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 946 (1998), Daneshvar, A., et al.: Chemosphere, 80, 301 (2010), Eriksson, J., et al.: Photochem. Photobiol., 86, 528 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is a long chain fatty acid, acting as a luminescence marker. Is used in enhancing radiotherapy for cancer treatment<br>References Dotsikas, Y. et al.: Anal. Sci., 28, 753 (2012); Choi, J. et al.: J. Nanomet., 8, 863704, (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications N6-​[Bis(ethylamino)​methylene]​-D-​lysine is an intermediate in preparation of analogs of transforming and epidermal growth factor fragment.<br>References Nestor, John J., et al.: U.S., (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications A fluorescent reagent and indicator of intracellular zinc ions. An analogue of widely used indicator, TS-Q. Zinquin ethyl ester is membrane permeable therefore useful to detect intracellular zinc ions. Zinquin ethyl ester forms a complex with a zinc ion with two nitrogen atoms in the structure. Used for studying the role of zinc in apoptosis.Fluorescence: max. Abs. l = 368nm, max. Em. l = 490nm<br>References Zalewski, P.D., et al.: Biochem.J., 296, 403 (1993), Zalewski, P.D., et al.: J. Histochem. Cytochem., 42, 877 (1994), Zalewski, P.D., et al.: Biochem.J., 303, 278 (1994), Zalewski, P.D., et al.: Chemistry &amp; Biology, 1, 153 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Flumorph can be used in analytical study of simultaneous determination of 106 pesticides in nuts by LC-​MS​/MS using freeze-​out combined with dispersive solid-​phase extraction purification.<br>References Wang, J., et al.: J Sep Sci, 40, 2398 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Phenylethylamine hydrochloride (cas# 156-28-5) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Indole-3-acetyl-L-phenylalanine is an indole-3-acetyl-amino acid conjugate involved in regulatory mechanisms for the control of auxin activity during physiological and pathophysiological responses.<br>References Ostrowski, M., et al.: J Plant Physiol, 191, 63-72 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications A useful linker for biomolecules.<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Methylglyceric Acid is a biogenic secondary organic aerosol used in air quality diagnosis.<br>References Ru, P., et. al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 8491 (2014); Napelenok, S.L., et. al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 464 (2014); Stone, E.A., et. al.: Environ. Chem., 9, 263 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene-d6 is the isotopically labeled compound form of 1,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene(D454158) which is used in preparing rhodol-based fluorescent probes for the detection of fluoride ion and its application in water, tea and live animal imaging.<br>References Jin, Xilang. et al., SPECTROCHIM. ACTA. A. 224, 117467(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-O-Dodecylglycerol is a antibacterial agent which stimulates autolysin activity in Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790. It is also found to be synergistic with amphotericin B against fungi.<br>References Ved, H., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 259, 8115 (1984); Haynes, M., et al.: Antimicro. Agents Chemother., 38, 1523 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications A sulfhydryl cross-linking reagent.<br>References Loo, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 40, 36877 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Used in efficient synthesis of 1β-O-acyl glucuronides via regioselective acylation<br>References Meng, X., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 6165 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(Azidomethyl)pyrene (cas# 1006061-57-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of an essential amino acid found in naturally produced peptides. Unlike its stereoisomer, L-tryptophan, it is not used in structural or enzyme proteins.<br>References Karunakaran, S.et al.: Bochem. J., 414, 343 (2008); Pallaghy, P.K. et al.: Biochem., 38, 11553 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Indigo is a chemical compound used as a dye in industrial clothing and textile processes. Also used in the synthesis of organic semiconductors. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References He, B. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 15093 (2014); Pitayatanakul, O. et al.: J. mat. Chem. C., Mat. Op. Elec. Dev., 9311 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Adenosine 5'-diphosphate monosodium salt (cas# 20398-34-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexetidine, mixture of stereoisomers is an antibacterial and antifungal agent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in transsulfuration whereby the mammal transfers the sulfur of methionine via homocysteine to cysteine.<br>References Prochazka, Z., et al.: Collection Czechoslov. Chem. Commun., 45, 1982 (1980), Yorek, M.A. &amp; Spector, A.A.: Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 179, 361 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-Biotin 4-Amidobenzoic Acid, Sodium Salt is a fluorigenic substrate for the determination of Biotinidase activity.<br></p>

<p>Applications An endogenous antidiuretic hormone in most mammalian species. It is released into the blood from nerve terminals in the posterior pituitary and median eminence. It is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and also implicated in a variety of physiological processes such as regulating water balance by antidiuretic action. It is a peptidic V1a receptor agonist that produces vasoconstriction via V1aR-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell contraction and is being used to increase blood pressure in septic shock, a form of vasodilatory hypotension.<br>References Perucca, J. et al.: J. AM. Soc. Nephrol., 19, 1721 (2008); Toba, K. et al.: Prog. Brain Res., 119, 337 (1998); Berrada, K. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 27229 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Glycodeoxycholic acid is a bile acid that induces severe pancreatitis in rats.<br>References Houghton, A., et al.: Neuroreport, 8, 3795 (1997); Lake, A., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharm., 268, 132 (2013); Zhao, X., et al.: Scand. J. Gastroentero., 37, 1351 (2002)<br></p>