Biochemicals and Reagents

<p>Applications Tryptamine is a monoamine alkaloid found in plants. Tryptamine is commonly used in the preparation of biologically active compounds such as neurotransmitters and psychedelics.<br>References Nichols, D. E., et al.: Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci., 36, 1(2018); Espinoza, S., et al.: Top. Med. Chem., 23, 175 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Sudan I. A food azo-dye, a liver and urinary bladder carcinogen for rodents and a potent contact allergen and sensitizer for humans. Genotoxic and carcinogenic. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Skog, K., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 14, 2027 (1993), Slob, W., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 84, 167 (2005),,, Slob, W; Food and Chemical Toxicology 2006, 44, 933<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4-Diaminoanisole Sulfate is a compound that was used as a component in hair dyes. There is evidence that indicate that 2,4-Diaminoanisole Sulfate Hydrate has carcinogenic effects and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen by the NTC.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sontag, J.M. et al.: JNCI J. Nat. Cancer Inst., 66, 591 (1981); Sheu, C.-J. et al.: Mutat. Res. Gen. Toxicol. Test., 68, 85 (1979); Burnett, C. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 1, 1027 (1976);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Poly(ethylene Glycol) molecules of an average molecular mass of 20000. Poly(ethylene Glycol) is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry. Recent research has shown PEG maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals. In rats, it has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery. It is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction. PEG is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.<br>References Borgens, R. et al.: J. Neurosci. Res., 66, 1179 (2001); Stavisky, R. et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 376, 98 (2005); Nalam, P. et al.: Tribiol. Lett., 37, 541 (2010); Steinmetz, N. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 17093 (2009); Li, X. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 11147 (2011); Li, L. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 447, 192 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Adenosine monophosphate is useful for skin rejuvenation in dermatology and aesthetic dermatology.<br>References Watanabe, M., et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 127, 1689 (1991), Engelke, M., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 137, 219 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Provisionally listed for use in food, drugs and cosmetics. Sunset Yellow is useful in fermented foods which must be heat treated. It may be found in orange sodas, orange jelly, marzipan, Swiss rolls, apricot jam, citrus marmalade, lemon curd, sweets, hot chocolate mix and packet soups, trifle mix, breadcrumbs, snack chips, shelf fresh noodles, cheese sauce mixes. Sunset Yellow is a sulfonated version of Sudan I, a possible carcinogen. Sunset Yellow itself may be responsible for causing an allergic reaction in people with an aspirin intolerance, resulting in various symptoms, including gastric upset, diarrhea, vomiting, nettle rash (urticaria), swelling of the skin (angioedema) and migraines. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Radomski, J.L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 136, 259 (1962), Gaunt, I.F., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 5, 747 (1967),<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Homocysteine is the stereoisomer of L-Homocystine, increased levels lead to hyperhomocysteinemia; a cardiovascular risk factor in prediction of coronary heart disease as well as being associated with congenital birth defects, pregnancy complications and cancer.<br>References Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003); Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications MTT (cas# 298-93-1) is a useful research chemical. Dyes and metabolites.<br></p>

<p>Applications A red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin, it is produced naturally within some insects as a defense mechanism. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Enoch, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 1547 (2010), Valianou, L., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 3115 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue, reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A selective and potent inhibitor of proteasome-mediated degradation of ubiquitin-tagged proteins. A Streptomyces metabolite that acts as a highly specific inhibitor of the 20S proteasome (MCP: multicatalytic proteinase complex).<br>References Fenteany, G., et al.: Science, 268, 726 (1995), Fenteany, G., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 3358 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications 7ß-Hydroxycholesterol-d7 is a standard used in the simultaneous measurement of F2-isoprostane, hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and hydroxycholesterols in plasma and liver of hepatitis patients.<br>References Yoshida, Yasukazu., Analytical Biochemistry, 379, 105-115, (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications An enzyme inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Applications Vitamin K1 2,3-Epoxide is a metabolite of Vitamin K1 (V676080), which is occurs widely in green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria.<br>References Smee, D.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 23, 676 (1983), Miyamoto, T., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 839 (1986); Hassan, M.M.A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 449 (1988), Breton, J., et al.: Biochemistry, 33, 12405 (1994), Dowd, P., et al.: Science, 269, 1684 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications A fluorescence reagent used to evaluate amino acid racemates from homogenized retinal tissue.<br>References Imai, K., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr., 10, 303 (1996), Tsai, G., et al.: Biol. Psychiatry, 44, 1081 (1998), Ribeiro, C., et al.: Brain Res. 929, 202 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive, Hygroscopic<br>Applications 1-Thioglycerol is generally used as a size-regulating capping agent for nanocrystals. 1-Thioglycerol is also used in bacteriology experiments to induce the synthesis of porphyrin compounds in aerobically growing Escherichia coli.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Harrison, M., et al.: Adv. Mater., 12, 123 (2000); Javor, G. &amp; Febre, E.: J. Bacteriol., 174, 1072 (1992); Wang, Y., et al.: J. Raman Spectrosc.,38, 34 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-L-cystine is an antioxidant, used in the treatment of influenza A virus pandemic (1). N-Acetyl-L-cystine promotes fertilization by reducing disulfide bonds in zona pellucida of mouse (2).Releases N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, which is an antidote for paracetamol poisoning.<br>References (1) Zhang, R., et al.: (2014) Int. Immunopharmacol. 22: 1-8 (2) Takeo, T., et al.: Biol Reprod. (2015) 92: 1-7<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.<br>References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. Cholesterol oxidation product having cytotoxicity effects.<br>References Higley, N., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 983 (1984), Emanuel, H., et al.: J. Food Sci., 56, 843 (1991), Kilsdonk, E., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 505 (1995), Cantwell, H., et al.: Cell Biol. Toxicol., 14, 401 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5β-Cholanic Acid-3α, 6β-Diol is a cholesterol derivative; Plasma lipophilic biomarkers in rats. Also, it is one of two major metabolites from the hydroxylation of hepatic lithocholic acid catalyzed by Cyp3a/Cyp3a11 enzymes in mice.<br>References Mayengbam, S., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr., 55, 1213-1223 (2016); Hrycay, E., et al.: Mol. Cell. Biochem., 389, 119-132 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is commonly present in several medicinal plants. Inhibits secretory phospholipase A2.<br>References Andrikopoulos, N., et al.: J. Med. Food, 5, 1 (2002), Lanteri, S., et al.: Food Chem., 76, 501 (2002), Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 155, 535 (2008), Sotiroudis, T., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr, 47, 69 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Aspartic Acid, is a non-essential amino acid found in food sources. Its conjugate base D-aspartate has potential use as a a therapeutic agent in the treatment of schizophrenia-related symptoms.<br>References Errico, F. et al.: J. Neurosci., 28, 10404 (2008); Denu, J.M. et al.: Biochem., 34, 3396 (1995); Chen, P.E. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 67, 1470 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Aminobutyl-d8 Guanidine is the labelled analog of the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine (A769500) and also an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis.<br>References Golding, B.T., et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 22, 391S (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications Orange G is an azo dye used primarily as a histological stain. Dyes and metabolites.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Olivetol is a precursor in various syntheses of tetrahydrocannabinol.<br>References Kumano, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 8117 (2008), Appendino, G., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 71, 1427 (2008), Sampietro, D., et al.: Food Chem., 115, 1170 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isodeoxycholic Acid is used for comprehensive bile acid profiling in hereditary intrahepatic cholestasis.<br>References Liu, T., et al.: Liver Int. 38, 1676 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications A triphenylmethane dye with fungicidal and limited antiseptic activity. The term Malachine green applies to the oxalate as well as the chloride. Harmful if swallowed. Avoid release to the environment. Dyes and metabolites.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Carter, S.G., et al.: J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 7, 7 (1982), Saikan, S., et al.: J. Chem. Phys., 79, 4154 (1983), Clemmensen, S., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 56, 43 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Leucomycins (&gt;85%) (cas# 1392-21-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Guaiazulene is a lipophilic azulene that is commonly used as a skin conditioning agent in cosmetic, beauty and body care products. It is photomutagenic in Salmonella and also causes DNA damage in human cells.<br>References Chiang, H., et al.: J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 211, 123 (2010); Fiori, J., et al.: Toxicol. Vitro, Kourounakis, A., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 49, 938 (1997); Wang, L., et al.: Mut. Res., 530, 19 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Pantothenic Acid is a member of the B complex vitamins; essential vitamin for the biosynthesis of coenzyme A in mammalian cells. Occurs ubiquitously in all animal and plant tissue. The richest common source is liver, but jelly of the queen bee contains 6 times as much as liver. Rice bran and molasses are other good sources.<br>References Gardner, P., et al.: Food Chem., 68, 471 (2000); Ou, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2772 (2002); Bahorun, T., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 84, 1553 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acid Blue 3 Sodium Salt is an synthetic food dye that is banned in Australia and the USA due to reoccurring allergic reactions. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Siwinska-Stefanska, K., et al.: Dyes. Pigment. 94, 338 (2012); Sharma, V., et al.: J. Chem. Edu., 88, 24 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Oxoadenosine (cas# 29851-57-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(4-Cyanophenyl)-glycine (cas# 42288-26-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Pregnenolone (P712200).<br>References Kramer, R., et al.: J. Steroid Biochemi., 18, 715 (1983), Hiwatashi, A., et al.: J. Biochem., 98, 619 (1985), Eiichi, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Sci., 95, 140 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Vitamin D4 is the active analogue of Vitamin D.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Holick, M., et al.: J. Biochemistry, 10, 2799 (1971), Haddad, J., et al.: J. Bone Miner. Res., 4, 243 (1989), Palmieri, G., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab., 82, 3516 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Epsilon-acetyl-l-lysine is used in the metabolomics study on the combined effect of cocaine and ethanol via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics approach.<br>References Sanchez-Lopez, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 140, 313 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications (5Z)​-5-​Dodecenoic acid is a fatty acid and a component of the essential oils of certain plants, such as Paeonia lactiflora Pall., and is used as biofuel.<br>References Liu, P.; et al.: Industrial Crops and Products, 107, 260 (2017); Xu, L.; et al.: Renewable Energy, 130, 910 (2019).<br></p>

<p>Applications Eosine-5-isothiocyanate is a fluorescence probe.<br></p>

<p>Applications Nα-Boc-L-histidine is an N-Boc-protected form of L-Histidine (H456010). L-Histidine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in mitochondrial glutamine transport and has potential of abolishing oxidative stress caused by brain edema.L-Histidine promotes zinc uptake in human erythrocyes and also has potential as an antioxidant therapy for acute mammary inflammation in cattle.<br>References Chaiyotwittayakun, A., et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 85, 60 (2002); Horn, N., et al.: J. Phys., 489, 73 (1995); Rama Rao, K., et al.: Am. J. Path., 176, 1400 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of S-propylcysteine.<br>References Jones, A.R., et al.: Xenobiotica, 10, 827 (1980), 25) Ramu, K., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 8, 515 (1995), Krause, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 25, 1013 (1997), Powley, M., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 1448 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,5-Diaminotoluene is an aromatic compound that is commonly used in permanent hair-dye formulations. 2,5-Diaminotoluene is weakly mutagenic and is also partially responsible for causing allergic contact dermatitis in humans.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chung, K., et al.: Mutat. Res./Rev. Mutat. Res., 387, 1 (1997); Inouye, M. &amp; Murakami, U.: Food Cosm. Toxicol., 15, 447 (1977); Yazer, K., et al.: Cont. Derm., 66, 27 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Veratrole is common reagent in organic synthesis such as the synthesis of arizonins B1 and C1. Also used in the synthesis of pharmacophores of salmeterol and roflumilast as dual β2-adrenoreceptor agonists-PDE4 inhibitors.<br>References Fernandes, R. et al.: Tetrahedron: Asymm., 24, 1548 (2013); Liu, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 1548 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Disperse Red 1 is an azo disperse dye which is water insoluble. Disperse Red 1 can be used to dye polyester and acetate fibers. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Sareek, J.: J. Soc. Dyers Colour., 78, 326 (1962); Iskender, M., et al.: Textile Res. J., 75, 462 (2005)<br></p>