Purines and Pyrimidine Derivatives

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Tenofovir (T018500).<br>References Hazra, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 124 (2004), Piketty, C., et al.: Antivir. Ther., 11, 213 (2006), Molto, J., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 29, 648 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Nicotinic acid (N429250) derivative for treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease.<br>References Hales, N.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 3853 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications R-Methotrexate is an enantiomer of Methotrexate (M260675), a folic acid antagonist. Used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications An analog of Thyroxine (L425600) with stimulatory effects on human red blood cell membrane Ca2+-activated ATPase. It is a potential inactivator of iodothyronine deiodinase type II.<br>References Davis, F.B. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 258, 12373 (1983); Safran, M. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268, 14224 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications An adenosine deaminase inhibitor used as an anti-cancer therapeutic drug. Shown to be effective in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia as well as having use in the treatment of other types of cancer such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rogler-Brown, T. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 28, 201 (1979); Johnston, J.B. et al.: J. Natl. Canvcer Inst., 80, 765 (1988); Fortune, A.F. et al.: Leuk. and Lymph., 51, 839 (2010); Robak, T. et al.: Drugs, 69, 2415 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Zolmitriptan (Z639000) impurity.<br></p>

<p>Applications A well-known, highly active stimulant of cell divisions in plant tissue cultures.<br>References D.S. Letham: Phytochemistry, 12, 2445 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Temozolomide, an antineoplastic.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl Memantine is an intermediate used for preparation of Memantine (M218000).<br>References Gerzon, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 760 (1963), Reddy, J., et al.: Org. Process Res. Dev., 11, 268 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled xanthine oxidase inhibitor; decreases uric acid production. Used in treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. Antiurolithic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Benezra, S.A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 1, (1978), Dalbeth, N., et al.: Rheumatology, 44, 1090 (2005), Dinarello, C., et al.: J. Exp. Med., 201, 1355 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 9-(2-Propenyl)adenine is an N-substituted purine used in the preparation of mesityl dihydroisoxazolyl homo-N-nucleosides.<br>References Thalassitis, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 6433 (2009); Chiacchio, U. et al.: Tetrahedron, 60, 441 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ondansetron EP Impurity C<br>Applications 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-9-(methyl-d3)-4H-carbazol-4-one (Ondansetron EP Impurity C) is used in the preparation of 5-HT3 modulators useful in the treatment and prevention of 5-HT3 receptor-mediated diseases. 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-9-methyl-4H-carbazol-4-one is an impurity of Ondansetron (O655000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Huang, W. et al.: Zhong. Yao. Dax. Xueb., 30, 1 (1999); Kim, M. et al.: Heterocycles, 45, 2041 (1997); Feng, R. et al.: Zhong. Yaox. Zaz., 46, 1436 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications N6-(2-Isopentenyl)adenine can be used in biological study for cytokinins stimulated expression of stress-related proteins and transcripts in Arabidopsis thaliana with isopentenyltransferase overexpression.<br>References Skalak, J., et al.: J. Exp. Bot., 67, 2861-2873 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid. L-Phenylalanine is biologically converted into L-tyrosine, another one of the DNA-encoded amino acids, which in turn is converted to L-DOPA and further converted into dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. L-Phenylalanine is produced for medical, feed, and nutritional applications such as in the preparation of Aspartame.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ondansetron EP Impurity B<br>Applications Ondansetron EP Impurity B.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Iopamidol, a nonionic radiocontrast medium. Diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium).<br>References Drayer, B., et al.: Am. J. Neuroradiol., 3, 59 (1982); Molyneux, A.J., et al.: Br. J. Radiol., 55, 117 (1982); Sovak, M., et al.: Radiology, 142, 115 (1982); Felder, E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 115 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications A fluorescent analog of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide as a coenzyme for glutamate dehydrogenase.<br>References Gafni, A., et al.: Biochemistry, 20, 6041 (1981), Creedon, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 16364 (1994), Seley, K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 6, 797 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture sensitive<br>Applications Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate is an antiviral agent and a Tenofovir (T018500) intermediate. Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as an anti-HIV agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mackman, R., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5519 (2007), Baudy, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 771 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-[3-(Aminocarbonyl)-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid is an impurity of Febuxostat (F229000), an xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor used for the treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout.<br>References Kadivar, M.H., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 56, 749 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications A useful synthetic intermedate. A naturally occuring, biologically active isomer of guanosine. Reported to stimulate the accumulation of cyclic-AMP in the brain. It is an inhibitor of IMP pyrophosphorylase, and its 5’-di and -tri-phosphates inhibit glutamic acid dehydrogenase. May contain approximately 0.6 moles of water.<br>References Divakar, K.J., et al.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans., 1, 771 (1991), Montsch, H.H., et al: Biochemistry, 14, 5593 (1975), Hagen, C.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 293, 105 (1973), Huang, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 15, 462 (1972)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications A reagent used in the preparation of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors and PMPA prodrugs with antiretroviral activity.<br>References Sheng, X. et al.: Bioorg, Med. Chem. Lett., 169, 3453 (2009); Arimilli, M.N. et al.: Antiviral Chem. Chemother., 8, 557 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Zolmitriptan is a serotonin 5HTID-receptor agonist and used to treat migraine (1,2,3).<br>References (1) Glen, R.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3566 (1995)(2) Seaber, E., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 41, 141 (1996)(3) Tepper, S.J., et al.: Curr. Med. Res. Opin., 15, 254 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Chlorodiphenylamine (cas# 101-17-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Thyroxine is one of the thyroid hormones involved in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Synthesized and stored as amino acid residues of thyroglobulin, the major protein component of the thyroid follicular colloid. Synthesis and secretion are regulated by the pituitary hormone (TSH). Deiodinated in peripheral tissues to the active metabolite, liothyronine. The D-form has very little activity as a thyroid hormone, but has been used to treat hyperlipidemia.<br>References Post, A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 5, 225 (1976); Nelson, J.C., et al.: Clin. Chem., 34, 1737 (1988); Fischer, D.A., et al.: Clin. Chem., 42, 135 (1996); Cavalieri, R.R., et al.: Thyroid, 7, 177 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive, Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir Monoisoproxil Dimer Ammonium Sodium Salt is an impurity in the synthesis of Tenofovir disoproxil (T018505),an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor.<br>References Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Tetrabenazine in vivo. The trans izomer of Dihydrotetrabenazine is used for the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders.<br>References Kilbourn, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 278, 249 (1995), Perera, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 2599 (2003), Mager, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 94, 2475 (2005), Zheng, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 5018 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ethyl-(S)-(+)-Clopidogrel Sulfate is an analogue of S-(+)-Clopidogrel Hydrogen Sulfate (C587250) which is used as an antithrombotic.<br>References Mills, D.C.B., et al.: Arterioscler. Thromb., 12, 430 (1992), Feuerstein, G., et al.: Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 4, 425 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lablled Caffeine (C080100). Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine is an impurity of Thiamine (T344185). Thiamine Impurity B.<br>References Aluwihare, L., et al.: Science, 308, 1007 (2005), Koch, B., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 1758 (2007), Reemtsma, T., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 1430 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate is used in the synthesis of the major metabolites of Febuxostat (F229000), a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. 40-120 mg/day febuxostat was proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.<br>References Li, X., et. al.: Lett. Org. Chem., 12, 217 (2015); Vallu, V., et. al.: Anal. Chem. Indian J., 14, 339 (2014); Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxythiobenzamide is used in the synthesis of PPARα agonists used in increasing HDLc levels. Also used in the synthesis of potent CDK5 inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.<br>References Sierra, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 685 (2007); Zhong, W. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 5384 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Rizatriptan EP Impurity C<br>Applications Iso Rizatriptan (Rizatriptan EP Impurity C) is a potential impurity of Rizatriptan. A regioisomer of Rizatriptan.<br>References Dill, K., et al.: J. Phys. Chem., 91, 1980 (1987), Cole, L., et al.: Anal. Chem., 64, 1317 (1992), Street, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 1799<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled specific serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist. Antiemetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kris, M.G., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 6, 659 (1988), Faris, P..L., et al.: Lances, 355, 792 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Purine in cocaine addiction.<br>References Jansen, R., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 38, 362 (2005), Vorst, O., et al.: Metabolomics, 1, 169 (2005), Want, E., et al.: ChemBioChem., 6, 1941 (2005), van der Werf, M., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 370, 17 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tenofovir Disoproxil derivative as antiviral and antitumor agent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Pirimiphos-methyl is a phosphorothioate used as an insecticide. Pirimiphos-methyl is commonly used for mosquito control as well as control of greenhouse crop pests and stored-product insects.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Deighton, J. et al.: Mosq. News, 34, 163 (1974); LaHue, D.W.: J. Econ. Entomol., 68, 236 (1975); Antonious, G.F. et al.: J. Entomol. Sci., 30, 191 (1995):<br></p>

<p>Applications Pemetrexed Sodium Methyl Ester is an impurity of Pemetrexed(P219550). Pemetrexed Disodium Heptahydrate is an chemotherapy drug for the treatment of pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer. Pemetrexed Disodium Heptahydrate exhibit inhibitory activities towards thymidylate synthase as well as other folate dependent enzymes.<br>References Vogelzang, N.J., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 21,2636 (2003); Paz-Ares, L., et al.: Lancet. Oncol., 13, 247 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of Caffeine (C080100).<br>References Grant, D.M., et al.: Clin. Pharm. and Ther., 33, 591 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound G<br>Applications An intermediate of Zolmitriptan, as a novel inhibitor of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme aromatase. Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound G.<br>References Ahmed, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 5, 2789(1995), Ahmed, S., et al.: Drug. Des. Discov., 15, 239 (1998), Brodie, A., et al.: Steroids, 65, 171 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of Caffeine (C080100).<br>References Wong, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 28, 693 (2002), Nyeki, A., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 55, 62 (2003), Jetter, A., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 65, 411 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Methyluric Acid is a methylated derivative of uric acid that inhibits peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation, which has potential therapeutic application in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. 3-Methyluric Acid is also a known metabolite of Caffeine (C080100).<br>References Kean, R.B. et al.: J. Immunol., 165, 6511 (2000); Caubet, M.-S. et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 27, 261 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications A reagent used in the preparation of prodrugs of diacidic nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist as well as pyrrolothiazole platelet activating factor antagonist.<br>References Aungst, B.J. et al.: Pharmac. Res., 12, 763 (1996); Davidsen, S.K. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 4423 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Memantine (M218000), used for the treatment of neurological disorders.<br>References Eiichi, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 33, 4680 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Zolmitriptan (Z639000).<br>References Buckingham, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3566 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sumatriptan Succinate is a selective 5-HT1B/1D-receptor agonist with anticonvulsant properties (1,2). Sumatriptan Succinate is used for migraine relief (2).<br>References (1) Razzaque, Z., et al.: Br J Clin Pharmacol. 47, 75 (1999) (2) Cady, R. K., et al.: J Headache Pain. 18, 17 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A useful synthetic intermediate for making potent and selective coronary vasodilators.<br>References Niiya, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 4557 (1992)<br></p>