Quinones and Derivatives

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled Benzoyl Chloride. Used in the manufacturing of dye intermediates.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-((1r,4r)-4-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-1-oxo-1H-indene-3-carboxylic Acid is the Indene isomer of Atovaquone (A793500)<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-7-Hydroxywarfarin is the S-enantiomer of the 7-hydroxyl metabolite of Warfarin (W498500). (S)-7-Hydroxy Warfarin was present at levels 7-folds higher in chimeric mice with humanized liver (than that in controlled mice) following (S)-Warfarin metabolism.<br>References Wong, Y.W.J. et al.: Pharm. Res., 6, 982 (1989); O'Reilly, R.A. et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 51, 656 (1992); Inoue, T. et al: Drug Metab. Dispos. 36, 2429 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications OR 486 is an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Entacapone (E588500) impurity.<br>References Jenei-Lanzl, Z. et al.: Annal Rheum. Dis., 74, 444 (2015); Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of cis-Entacapone, the (Z)-Isomer of Entacapone (E558500) polymorphic form B. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Adapalene intermediate, an ester of labelled Adapalene.<br>References Charpentier, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 4993 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Amino-4-chlorophenol is a widely used reagent in the synthesis of various drugs, dyes and pesticides. A reagent in the synthesis of aggrecanase-2 inhibitors based on acylthiosemicarbazide zinc-binding, used in the treatment of osteoarthritis.<br>References Arora, P. et al.: Microb. Cell Fact., 11, 150 (2012); Maingot, L. et al.: Eur. J. Med. CHem., 69, 244 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethofumesate is a herbicide.<br></p>

<p>Applications Precursor to the semiquinone free radical of Etoposide, believed to inactivate φX174 DNA.<br>References Kagan, V., et al.: Biochem., 33, 9651 (1994), Gantchev, T., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 53, 422 (1998), Fan, Y., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 1067 (2007), Alegria, A., et al.: Free Rad. Res., 42, 70 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications A vitamin K antagonist with anticoagulant applications<br>References Streiff, M., et al.: Am. J. Hematol., 81, 684 (2006), Vilar, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 1118 (2006), Tavassoli, N., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 63, 221 (2007), Bodin, L., et al.: J. Thromb. Haemost., 6, 1436 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications (αE)-α-[(3,4-Dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methylene]-β-oxo-1-piperidinepropanenitrile is an impurity of Entacapone (E558500), a peripherally acting inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic Acid has been studied for its structure-activity relationship for allosteric NMDA receptor inhibitors for potential development of NMDA receptor modulator agents for a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurological conditions.<br>References Costa, B.M., et al.: Neuropharmacol., 62, 1730 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (E)-6-(1,3-Dihydro-4,6-dimethoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)-4-methyl-4-hexenoic Acid, is the Dimethoxy analogue of Mycophenolic Acid (M831500), which is an immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation. A selective inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation by blocking inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Senda, M., et al.: Transplantation, 60, 1143 (1995), Nimmesgern, E., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19421 (1996), Gummert, J.F., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 291, 1100 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone-d5 is deuterium labelled of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone (D451780), which is a metabolite of Benzophenone (B204980). Benzophenone can be used to synthesize antihistamines, hypnotics and insecticides.<br>References Li, M.H., et al.: Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 94, 566 (2012); Leon, Z.. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 398, 831 (2010); Bechard, K., et al.: Aquat. Toxicol., 90, 310 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Retinoid selective for retinoic acid receptor (RAR) subtypes β and γ. Antiacne.<br>References Griffiths, C.E.M., et al.: J. Invest. Dermatol., 101, 325 (1993), Bernard, B.A., et al.: Skin Pharmacol., 6, 61 (1993), Waugh, J., et al.: Drugs, 64, 1465 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxynaphthoquinone derivative that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport. Antipneumocystic.<br>References Hudson, A.T., et al.: Drugs Exp. Clin. Res., 17, 427 (1991), Fry, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 43, 1545 (1992), El-Sadr, W.M., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 339, 1889 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled Camptothecin derivative; a topoisomerase inhibitor for cancer therapy.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wani, M.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 2358 (1986), Miller, K.D., et al.: Invest. New Drugs, 22, 69 (2004), Punt, C.J.A., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer, 40, 1332 (2004), Wang, J.-Q., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 549 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Lubiprostone is a bicyclic fatty acid metabolite analog of Prostaglandin E1. It activates specific chloride channels in the gastrointestinal tract to stimulate intestinal fluid secretion, increase gastrointestinal transit, and improve symptoms of constipation.<br>References Farthing, M., et al.: Drugs, 56, 11 (1998), Pare, P., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 96, 3130 (2001), Sloots, C., et al.: Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 16, 759 (2002), Coremans, G., et al.: Digestion, 67, 82 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenprocoumon-d5, is the labeled analogue of Phenprocoumon (P318820), known for being an oral anti-coagulant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kohl, C. et al.: Drug. Metab. Disp., 28, 161 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications (2E)-2-Cyano-3-(3-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-N,N-diethyl-2-propenamide is an impurity of Entacapone (E558500), a peripherally acting inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,4,6-Triacetylphloroglucinol (cas# 2161-87-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenindione is a proton pump inhibitor and traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for acute interstitial nephritis and acute kidney injury.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Leonard, C.E., et al.: Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug. Safety., 21, 1155 (2012); Moda, T.L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 22, 2889 (2012); Dhareshwar, S.S., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 99, 2711 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Naphthalene is an abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic and found in tobacco smoke and urban air. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sutherland, K.M., et. al.: Am. J. Physiol., 302, L68 (2012); Bahuguna, A., et. al.: J. Pharm. Res., 5, 1600 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A glucuronide of monohydroxylated Warfarin metabolite, 7-Hydroxy Warfarin (H996130).<br>References Zielinska, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 324, 139 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A substituted naphthoquinones as insecticides and acaricides.<br>References Bhuyan, B., et al.: Cancer., Res., 37, 1057 (1977), Buffinton, G., et al.: Biochem. J., 257, 561 (1989), Hakura, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 7, 559 (1994), , Shimizu, N., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 20, 168 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Naphthylamine is a reagent used to synthesize various dyes used in the textile industry.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Case, R., et al.: Brit. J. Ind. Med., 11, 75 (1954)<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenprocoumon is known for being an oral anti-coagulant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kohl, C. et al.: Drug. Metab. Disp., 28, 161 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue trans-1,2-Dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, a metabolite of Naphthalene.<br>References Sun, Y. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 80, 280 (2006); Cho, T. et al.: Drug Metab. Drug Interact., 22, 235 (2007); Iwamoto, N. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 33396 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Belinostat is a novel histone deacetylase 3 selective inhibitor, which protects the β cells from cytokine-induced apoptosis.<br>References Chou, D.H., et al.: Chem. Biol., 19, 669 (2012); Hwang, J.J., et al.: Inves. New. Drugs., 30, 1434 (2012); Dizon, D.S., et al.: Gynecol. Oncol., 125, 367 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol is used in the preparation of (hydroisoquinolinylidene)acetic ureides with analgesic and antibacterial activities.<br>References Surikova, O. V., et al.: Pharm. Chem. J., 47, 198 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 9-Methylidenefluorene is an analog of 9-Methylfluorene (M305335); a compound that has been shown to be mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 in the presence of 9000 X g supernantant from Aroclor-induced rats.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lavoie, E.J., et. al.: Mutat. Res., 91, 167 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Des[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl] mitoxantrone is a research and development impurity standard for synthesis. It is a synthetic, high purity compound with a CAS number of 89991-52-6. The chemical is not found in nature and does not have any natural metabolites. Des[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl] mitoxantrone has been shown to be metabolized by the liver into various metabolites that have been identified through analysis of urine samples. The metabolite of des[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl] mitoxantrone may be used as an analytical standard for HPLC methods.</p>

<p>Triacetyl aloe-emodin (impurity A) is an impurity found in the Triacetyl Aloe-Emodin HPLC standard, which is a drug product. It is not approved for use as a drug and should be used only for research and development purposes. The impurity can be custom synthesized or purchased from a specialty chemical supplier. Impurities are not typically found in the final drug product but can occur during synthesis or purification of the API. This impurity is not present in any pharmacopoeia and has no known biological activity. The CAS number of this impurity is 25395-11-3.</p>

<p>Mycophenolic acid lactone (MPA) is an analytical standard for HPLC, used as a reference material in drug development. It is also a metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil and mycophenolic acid, which are used to treat immunodeficiency disorders. MPA is not active by itself but it can be converted into the active form, mycophenolic acid, by esterases. MPA has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities and can inhibit the production of prostaglandins in animals. Mycophenolic acid lactone is a metabolite of drugs that are used for the treatment of immunodeficiency disorders, such as mycophenolate mofetil and mycophenolic acid. The chemical structure of MPA is closely related to that of these drugs and it has been shown to have similar anti-inflammatory properties in animal studies.</p>