Food Industry Standards

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications n-Hexane is an industrial chemical and also found in natural gas, crude oil and gasoline. It is used as an organic solvent for extraction.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Laily, N., et al.: Pharmacogn J. 9, 280 (2017); Nyaba, L., et al.: J. Mol. Liq. 231, 154 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Monoethyl-d5 Phthalate-d4 is an isotope labeled analog of Monoethyl Phthalate, which is a Phthalate metabolite.<br>References Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Aylward, L., et al.: Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 55, 259 (2009), Blair, J., et al.: Environ., Sci. Technol., 43, 6262 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenol (cas# 14868-03-2) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid is a metabolite of polyphenols such as Phloretin (P339000) and Quercetin (Q509500). It may protect skin against blue light and other environmental assaults.<br>References Vaidyanathan, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 897 (2002), Wolfe, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 609 (2003), Marks, S., et al.: J. Agric Food. Chem., 55, 8723 (2007); Chem. and Eng. News p.28 , May 14, 2018<br></p>

<p>Applications Xylitol, is a lower-calorie alternative to table sugar. Studies have shown xylitol chewing gum can help prevent acute otitis media. Xylitol is categorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a food additive.<br>References Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, US., FDA (2012); Azarparzhooh, A., et al.,: Cochrane data. Sys. Revi. (online) (11), (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Ribose is produced by microorganism fermentation of glucose in a fermentation culture medium without adding calcium carbonate.<br>References Ostrowski, S., et al.: Science, 305, 71 (2004), Vavilin, D., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1708, 91 (2005), Fletcher, J., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 2199 (2007), Weissleder, R., et al.: Nature, 452, 580 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 1,1-DCE is mainly used as a comonomer in the polymerization of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, and acrylates. It is also used in semiconductor device fabrication for growing high purity silicon dioxide films.<br> E3<br>References Otsu, T., et al.: J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem., 30, 1559 (1992); Jenkins, A., et al.: Macromol. Symposia, 111, 159 (1996); Eur. Polym. J., 10, 481 (1974)<br></p>

<p>Applications Trichloroethylene is a common industrial solvent that is used in dry cleaning and metal degreasing. Trichloroethylene is also a suspected carcinogen to humans, and is a common groundwater contaminant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Little, D., et al., Appl. Env. Microb., 54, 951 (1988); Vogel, T. &amp; McCarty, P.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 49, 1080 (1985); Wartenberg, D., et al.: Environ. Health Persp., 108, 161 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Diisononyl Adipate is a an additive used in the preparation of polyurethane-based plastic bonded explosives.<br>References Yilmaz, G. et al.: J. App. Polym., 131, 40907 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorodiphenyl Ether is a standard for environmental testing and research. Biodegradability studies with organic priority pollutant compounds.<br>References Tabak, H. H., et al.: J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 53, 1503 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triethylene Glycol Bis(3-​tert-​butyl-​4-​hydroxy-​5-​methylphenyl)​propionate is used as a polymer antioxidant stabilizer in adhesives and polymers for food contact. Generally functions as an antioxidant in the chemistry of plastics.<br>References United States Food and Drug Administration.: Federal Register, 50, 63 (1985); Liang, H., et al.: Acta Endocrinol., 128, 451 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitie<br>Applications One of the biologically active forms of vitamin B12; differing only by the substitution of a methyl for the cyano group. Coenzyme required in the biosynthesis of methionine. Vitamin (hematopoietic).<br>References Kisliuk, R.L., Biochem. J., 75, 467 (1960), Guest, J.R., et al.: Nature, 195, 340 (1962), Dolphin, D., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 18, 34 (1971), Beck, W.S., et al.: Am. J. Hematol., 34, 83 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Pentanediol is used in synthesizing quinoxalines from biomass-derived glycols. Also used in the synthesis of propiconazole (P770100) a fungicide as well as other antifungals.<br>References Climent, M. et al.: J. Catal., 292, 118 (2012); Zhou, Y. et al.: Carbo. Res., 344, 1289 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran, is a toxic polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), detected in domestic meat and poultry. It can be used as purified standards for analytical, toxic, and biological studies of these environmental contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Huwe, J., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 21, 182 (2004), Llobet, J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 178, 117 (2008); Feil, V., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 6163 (2000); Safe, S. H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 32, 68 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol TMC is a bisphenol derivative used in the preparation of polycarbonate, polyester and epoxy resins.<br>References Freitag, D. et al.: Makromol. Chem. Rap. Comm., 12, 95 (1991); Masse, C.E. et al.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 513 (1996); Turner, S.R. et al.: HIgh Perform. Polym., 17, 361 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol F Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)ether is a derivative of Bisphenol F Diglycidyl Ether (B438750). Bisphenol F Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)ether is used as a standard for determining toxic monomers released from polymers of the inner coating of cans.<br>References Philo, M., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 14, 75 (1997), Biles, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 1965 (1999), Hammarling, L., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 17, 937 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanone is an odor-active compound of white wine.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Guth, H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3027 (1997); Tominaga, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 46, 1044 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications ε-​Caprolactam is a synthetic precursor of Nylon-6 and other synthetic polymers. This compound also inhibits the growth of several Bacillus and Rhizobium species, but Arthrobacter species grow normally in the presence of this compound.<br>References Bomfim, Marcus V.J., et al.: Braz. J. Pharm. Sci., 45(1), 21-35 (2009); Kalinova, Jana P., et al.: Food Chem., 157, 380-384 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications n-Heptyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of sulfonylbenzoic acid esters as potential inhibitors of oestrone sulphatase with antitumor activities.<br>References Owen, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 55, 85 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ammelide, is a metabolite of Melamine (1) (M208700), which acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive (2). Also present in pet foods as well (3).Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10. 2. Ehling S. et al.: Food Addit. Contam. 2007 Dec;24(12):1319-25. 3. Vail T. et al.: J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(6):304-12.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Vitamin (enzyme co-factor).<br>References Lichstein, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 161, 311 (1945), McPhalen, C., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 225, 495 (1992), Fenn, T., et al.: Biochemistry, 44, 5317 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 2-Pentylfuran-d11 is the labeled analogue of 2-Pentylfuran (P284953), a volatile compound that is detected in meat smoke aerosol, rice aroma and tomato paste volatiles.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rogge, W., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 1112 (1991); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 36, 1006 (1988); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 336 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Antihypertensive. Neuroprotective &amp; Neuroresearch Product.<br>References Lees, K.R., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 23, 159 (1987), Morgan, T., et al.: J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 10, Supp. 7, S116, (1987)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Aucubine shows antioxidant and protective effects for the liver and kidney organs, shown in mice with induced diabetes.<br>References Jin, L. et al.: Eur. J. Pharm, 582, 162 (2006); Ho, J. et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 28, 1244 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Urinary Phthalate metabolite<br>References Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Samandar, E., et al.: Environ. Res., 109, 641 (2009), Berman, T., et al.: Environ. Int., 35, 353 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Bromodiiodomethane, is a Iodinated trihalomethanes (ITHMs),which can be used for several medicinal or pharmaceutical taste and odor events in drinking water.<br>References Cancho, B. et al.: Wat. Res,, 34. No. 13, 3380 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol P-d16 is the isotope labelled analog of Bisphenol P. Bisphenol P is a derivative of Bisphenol A (B519495) which is a monomer used for policarbonate and epoxy resins.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Methyl Acetate is used as an organic chemical solvent for a multitude of organic processes. Also used in the production of biodiesel.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Xu, Y. et al.: J. mol. Cat., 32, 241 (2005); Ogino, H. et al.: J. Biosci. Bioeng., 89, 451 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol with potential antifungal, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. This product is a mixture of isomers.<br>References Ramage, G., et al.: Front Microbiol. 3, 220 (2012); Miguel, M. G., et al.: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015, 851721 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyldibenzofuranis used in volatile composition of biomass tars used for liquid engine fuels with properties similar to gasoline and diesel fuels.<br>References Soltes, E. J., et al.: Biomass Convers. 5, 1 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Monohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester that was used to characterize human salivary esterase in enzymatic hydrolysis.<br>References Niino, T., et al.: J. Health. Sci., 49, 76 (2003); Moss, E.J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 40, 77 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gallic Acid-d2 is the labelled analogue of Gallic acid (G188978) which is a phenolic acid with antioxidant activity. Gallic acid was found to protect human cells against oxidative damage and showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Gallic Acid and its esters also show antiviral and antifungal activities.<br>References Yen, G. et al.: Food Chem., 79, 307 (2002); Chen, C. et al.: Mol. Nutrit. Food Res., 51, 962 (2007); Kratz, J. et al.: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 103, 437 (2008); Osborne, L. et al.: Infect. Immun., 33, 769 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Syringic Acid is used in biological studies for electron transfer from plant phenolates to carotenoid radical cations with antioxidant interaction entering the Marcus theory inverted region.<br>References Cheng, H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 62, 942 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Vanillin, is used as a flavorant, which is about three times as potent as vanillin (V097500) and can be utilized in the production of chocolate. It has also shown to have antioxidant properties.<br>References Akihiro, T., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 75, 2346 (2011); Yang, X., et al.: Biores. Technol., 102, 3498 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3-Sulfanylhexyl Acetate is a precursor of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (M225270) found in grape juice.<br>References Harsch, M.J., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 61, 3703 (2013); Makhotkina, O., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 486 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Acetoin is a produced via fermentation of wines, dairy products and sugars by fermentive bacteria. Acetoin is used in food flavoring and fragrances and is also found in some fruits and vegetables.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mayo, B. et al.: Biotechnol. Lact. Acid Bact., 3 (2010); Oberman, H. et al.: Nahrung, 26, 615 (1982); Dutta, S.M. et al.: Ind. J. Dairy Sci., 24, 107 (1971);<br></p>

<p>Applications Induces the reversion of transformed phenotypes of v-H-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells at low concentration (12.5 uM) by inhibiting MAP kinase activity. Also inhibits the proliferation of malignant tumor cells by G2/M arrest and induces morphological differentiation. Apigenin has also been reported to enhance the gap juntion intracellular communication in liver cells.uv(max)ethanol: 269, 340 nm (e= 18,800, 20,900) moderately sol. in hot alcohol<br>References Chaumontet, C., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 15, 2325 (1994); Sato, F., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 204, 578 (1994); Kuo, M.L. et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 212, 767 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Phthalate metabolite.<br>References Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Aylward, L., et al.: Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 55, 259 (2009), Blair, J., et al.: Environ., Sci. Technol., 43, 6262 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Butanoic Acid, is found in milk, especially goat, sheep and buffalo milk. It can be used for the preparation of various esters, such as methyl butyrate, which has pleasant aromas or tastes and thus can be used as food and perfume additives.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lupton, J. R., et al.: J. Nutrition, 134 (2), 479 (2004); Grummer, R. R., et al.: J Dairy. Sci., 74 (9),3244 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Stability Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Vitamin D3 is the vitamin that mediates intestinal calcium absorbtion, bone calcium metabolism and probably, muscle activity. It occurs in and is isolated from fish liver oils. Vitamin D acts through a receptor that is a member of the ligand-dependent transcription factor superfamily. It modulates the proliferation and differentiation of both normal and cancer cells. It also has antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects on breast, colon, and prostate cancer cells. Activated vitamin D receptors in intestine and bone maintain calcium absorbance and homeostasis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Haussler, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 247, 2328 (1972); Holick, M.F., Rec. Res. Canc. Res., 164, 3 (2003); Palmer, H.G., et al.: Cancer Res., 63, 7799 (2003); Welsh, J., et al.: J. Nutr., 133, 2425S (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Di(α-tocopherol) Phosphate is used as a vitamin E supplement.<br>References Libinaki, R., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 44, 916 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications 9,​9-​Bis(methoxymethyl)​-​9H-​fluorene is a compound involved in the preparation of polypropylene by heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst.<br>References Luo, Z., et al.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 54, 11247-11250 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications The naturally occuring isomer is the L-form which has been found in apples and many other fruits and plants. Selective α-amino protecting reagent for amino acid derivatives. Versatile synthon for the preparation of chiral compounds including κ-opioid receptor agonists, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogue, and phoslactomycin B.<br>References Rindi, G., et al.: Biochem. J., 80, 214 (1961), Wolfgang, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 37265 (2006), Navarro, D., et al.: Metab. Brain Dis., 23, 115 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications An antioxidant flavenoid.<br>References Dixon, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 285, 36322 (2010), Sheu, M., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 58, 1187 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) Phthalate is a synthetic organic contaminant, and an endocrine disrupting chemical that has threatened seawater quality in marine environments.<br>References Tiwari, M., et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health, A. Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng., 54, 328 (2019); Zhang, X., et al.: Sepu, 36, 634 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications Diallyl Phthalate is used as a reagent in ring-closing ruthenium based reactions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References De Clercq, B. et al.: Tetra. Lett., 42, 8959 (2001); De Clercq, B. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 43, 9101 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl cis-11-Eicosenoate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of unsaturated acyl glycerols for in-meso crystallization of membrane proteins. Also used as a reagent in the synthesis of (Z)-9-tricosene (muscalure) which is an insect pheromone used as a pesticide.<br>References Fu, Y., et al.: Synlett, 6, 809 (2011); Dhillon, R.S., et al.: Indian J. Chem. B, 34B, 718 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of a phthalate ester metabolite used to study the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in the mediating effects of phthalates and metabolites in the liver. Studies suggest that it may possess testicular toxicity.<br>References Lapinskas, P.J. et al.: Toxicology, 207, 149 (2005); Watanabe, N. et al.: J. Health Sci., 48, 527 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-Isopulegol, is a naturally occuring monoterpene having antiplasmodial and antifungal activity. It is present in the essential oil of various plants, and can be used as a fragrance ingredient, and as a flavor additive.<br>References Olagnier, D., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17(22), 6075 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1,2-Dichloroethane-D4 is a labelled analogue of 1,2-Dichloroethane (D434325). 1,2-Dichloroethane is one of the major waste products of the Vinyl Chloride industries, and has also been classified as a potential human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hung, W., et al.: Appl. Surf. Sci., 255, 2205 (2008); Rannug, U., et al.: Chem.-Biol. Int., 20, 1 (1978)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl trisulphide (CAS# 3658-80-8) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications all-trans-Retinyl Palmitate is an ester derivative of Retinol (R252000). all-trans-Retinyl Palmitate is used as a vitamin supplement in the treatment of Vitamin A deficiency. all-trans-Retinyl Palmitate is used as an antioxidant and a source of vitamin A added to low fat milk and other dairy products. all-trans-Retinyl Palmitate is also a constituent of some topically applied skin care products<br>References Wang, S.Q. et al.: J. A. Acad. Dermatol., 63, 903 (2010); Matuk, Y. et al.: Exp. Eye Res., 24, 217 (1977); Reifen, R. et al.: J. Nutrit., 132, 2743 (2002):<br></p>

<p>Applications Tangaretin is a polymethoxylated flavone with potential anti-fungal and inhibitory action against bacteria and fungi in the food industry.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wu, T. et al.: Food Control., 35, 354 (2014); Xu, J. et al.: J. Agri. Foos. Che,., 62, 2182 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalate metabolite.<br>References Larsen, S., et al.: Toxicol., 169, 37 (2001), Silva, M., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 29, 819 (2005), Silva, M., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 79, 647 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Acts as an inhibitor of human cancer cell lines.<br>References Pedro, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 10, 3725 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Di-n-hexyl Phthalate is a Phthalate derivative and an organic extract contaminant found in drinking water, which was shown to activate Nrf-2-Mediated Antioxidant response in human cell line.<br>References Wang, S., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 4768 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalate Ester metabolite, linked to precocious puberty.<br>References Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Blair, J., et al.: Environ., Sci., Technol., 43, 6262 (2009), Xu, Z., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 3130 (2010), Clewell, R., et al.: Toxicol. in Vitro, 24, 327 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Is biologically less active than α-Tocopherol.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications (R,S)-N-Nitroso Anatabine is a metabolite of tobacco, a specific N-nitrosamines. (R,S)-N-Nitroso Anatabine shows mutagenic effects.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hoffmann, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 39, 2505 (1979), Hecht, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 559 (1998), Hecht, S., et al.: Mutation. Res., 424, 127 (1999), Wang, M., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 616 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Furoic Acid is an heterocyclic carboxylic acid that is widely used in food products as a preservative and flavouring agent.<br>References Hall, I.H., et al.: Arch, Pharm., 326, 15 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine Hydrochloride is produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and can cause mousy off-flavor in wines.<br>References Snowdon, E.M., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 54, 6465 (2006); Costello, P.J., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 50, 7079 (2002); Craig, J.T., et al.: Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 35, 46 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Bisphenol F-13C6 is an isotope labelled analog of Bisphenol F. Bisphenol F is a bisphenol derivative with antioxidant activities. Bisphenol F has been reported to exhibit estrogen agonistic properties.<br>References Higashihara, N. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 81, 825 (2007); Kanai, H. et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 93, 20 (2001); Pospisil, J. et al.: Kinet. Mech. Polyreacti.Int. Symp. Macromol. Chem. Prepr.,5, 383 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane is a building block often used to make polymers. 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane has been used as a precursor to prepatre alkyd resins for linseed oil based paint.<br>References Wang, X., et. al.: J. Polym. Res., 18, 721 (2011); Isiri-Caglar, D., et. al.: Rog. Org. Coat., 77, 81 (2014); Heiskanen,N., et. al.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 119, 209 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Propylparaben. An antimicrobial agent used in cosmetic products.<br>References Gilliland, D., et al.: J. Appl. Bacteriol., 72, 258 (1992), Routledge, E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 153, 12 (1998), Miller, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 32824 (1997), Nakagawa, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1907 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-Ethyl L-Lactate is a naturally occuring chemical compound that is often used as an industrial solvent in chemical reactions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Paul, S. et al.: Tetra. Lett., 53, 2206 (2012); Santiago, A. et al.: Green Chem., 11, 65 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cytotoxic agent against cancer cell lines. Inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase and protein tyrosine kinase. Found to be a specific inhibitor of the nuclear transcription factor, NF-kB. It has also been shown to significantly suppress the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism during inflammation.<br>References Grunberger, D., et al.: Experientia, 44, 230 (1988), Fesen, M.R., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 48, 595 (1994), Su, Z.Z., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 1865 (1994), Zheng, Z.S., et al.: Oncol. Res., 7, 445 (1995), Mirzoeva, O.K. and Calder, P.C.: Essent. Fatty Acids, 55, 441 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-OH-Monopropylheptylphthalate is a phthalate metabolite originating from a DPHP (B523500) used in plasticizers to improve chemical and physical properties.<br>References Kasper-Sonnenberg, M. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 215, 373 (2012); Koch, H. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 214, 188 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Caprate, is an unsaturated biodiesel fuel surrogate. It can also be used as flavor and fragrance ingredients.<br>References Wang, W., et al.: Energy &amp; Fuels, 27, 5527 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexadecanamide (cas# 629-54-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,​6-​Di-​tert-​butyl-​4-​ethylphenol is used as a catalyst for the synthesis of aromatic carboxamides.<br>References Wang, X., et al.: Org. Biomol. Chem., 14, 7028-37 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzoic Acid Methyl Ester, has a pleasant smell, and thus can be used in perfumery industry. It is also used as a solvent and as a pesticide used to attract insects such as orchid bees.<br>References Mcmurry, J., et al.: Phytochemistry, 69 (4), 1018 (2008); Schiestl, F. P., et al.: J. Chem. Ecology, 29 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Quercetin 3-O-β-D Glucoside is a metabolite of Quercetin (Q509500), a flavonoid with anticancer activity. It is a mitochondrial ATPase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor.<br>References Graziani, Y. et al.: J. Biochem., 135, 583 (1983); Levy, J. et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 123, 1227 (1984); Wei, Y.Q. et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 4952 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylfuran is a volatile organic compound (VOCs) used as a potential non-intrusive tool for screening of lung cancer.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References McWilliams, et al.: Curr. Oncol. Rep., 4, 487 (2002), Buszewski, B., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr., 21, 553 (2007), Ligor, T., et al.: J. Breath. Res., 1, 1 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Biotin is a growth factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. Plays an indispensable role in numerous naturally occurring carboxylation reactions. Occurs mainly bound to proteins or polypeptides. The richest sources are liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk. The biotin content of cancerous tumors is higher than that of normal tissue.<br>References du Vigneaud, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 146, 475 (1942); Traub, et al.: Nature, 178, 649 (1956); Siegel, H., et al.: Experienta, 37, 789 (1981); Vesely, D.L., Science, 216, 1329 (1982); Hugues, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 31, 12 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications (Hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose phthalate (cas# 9050-31-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cyclamal, is an ingredient in perfume. It can also be used in the synthesis of Cyclamen Alcohol (C987655).<br>References Borowiecka, J. et al.: Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna,43, 445 (2010); Opdyke, D. L. J., Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 17, 267 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled phtalate ester found in plastic gasket used in food packaging. Used in environmental toxicology studies as a present contaminant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Novak, J. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 26, 1591 (2007); Yu, Y. et al.: Ship. Gong. Keji, 29, 243 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate is an antioxidant that is used in polyethylene.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Blazquez-Blazquez, Enrique. et al., ACS Omega. 16, 9055-9063(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalate metabolite.<br>References Ye, X., et al.: Environ. Res., 108, 260 (2008), Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Samandar, E., et al.: Environ. Res., 109, 641 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 2-Pentylfuran is a volatile compound that is detected in meat smoke aerosol, rice aroma and tomato paste volatiles.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rogge, W., et al.; Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 1112 (1991); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 36, 1006 (1988); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 336 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholesterol is a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexylene Glycol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of functionalized boronic esters. Also used in the preparation of vinylboronates.<br>References Demory, E. et al: Org. Proc. Res. Dev., 15, 710 (2011); PraveenGanesh, N. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 72 4510 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications A potent novel antineoplastic agent with high selectivity and cooperativity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2 ligand). It inhibits proliferation of mesothelioma cells by selective down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptors. Furthermore, it has been shown to enhance the anti-tumor effect of dendritic cell vaccines.<br>References Weber, T. et al.: Clin. Can Res., 8, 863 (2002);Staphelberg, M. et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 318, 636 (2004); Ramathapuram, L.V. et al.: Cancer Immunol. Immununother., 55, 166 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications dl-α-Tocopherol Acetate is the racemic analog of α-Tocopherol Acetate (T526155), one of the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>