APIs for research and impurities

<p>D-Val(10)-Semaglutide is a semaglutide impurity. The amino acid at position 10 has been replaced by the D-form of the amino acid D-valine (D-Val). Semaglutide impurities are structurally related compounds that arise during synthesis, purification, or storage of semaglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.</p>

<p>Tirzepatide impurity</p>

<p>Olmesartan is a drug that belongs to the class of angiotensin II receptor antagonists. It is used for the treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and kidney disease. The therapeutic effect of olmesartan can be increased by concomitant use with other drugs if it is being used as a combination therapy. This drug interacts with many other drugs, including diuretics and ACE inhibitors. Drugs that are known to interact with olmesartan include furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene, chlorothiazide and quinethazone. Blood sampling is often required during therapy in order to monitor the efficacy of this drug.</p>

<p>N-Methyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(3-thienyl) propanamine tartrate is an impurity standard used for the quantitative analysis of norephedrine in pharmaceutical products. It is also a metabolite of methamphetamine, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities.</p>

Degradation product of olanzapine

<p>Glipizide EP Impurity F is a synthetic impurity that is used as a research and development impurity standard. It has high purity and is pharmacopoeia grade. Glipizide EP Impurity F is also a metabolite of the drug product Glipizide and has been shown to have analytical applications for pharmacokinetic studies. It can be synthesized from natural materials or can be custom synthesized depending on the needs of the customer.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about (1S,2S,3R,5S)-3-[7-[[(1R,2S)-2-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]-5-(2-hy droxyethoxy)-1,2-cyclopentanediol including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>5-Methyl Zolpidem is a zolpidem tartrate that is used for the treatment of insomnia and as a sedative. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of zolpidem tartrate, which is synthesized from 5-methyl-1-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole with potassium t-butoxide. The synthesis starts with the conversion of 5-methyl-1-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole to 1-(4'-methylphenyl) benzene by reaction with methyl iodide followed by hydrolysis of the ester group to form 1-(4'-methylphenyl) benzene. The next step involves a nucleophilic substitution reaction using potassium t-butoxide to produce 1-(4'-methylphenyl) benzene t-butoxide, followed by reaction with methanol</p>

3-Bromo-N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionamide is a natural metabolite of the drug 3-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. It is an impurity found in the synthesis of 3-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and has been shown to be a metabolite of this compound. 3-Bromo-N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionamide is also used as an analytical reference material for HPLC. This chemical can be synthesized from commercially available starting materials or custom synthesized with your specifications.

<p>N,N'''-(Dithia-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-(N'-cyano-N''-methyl)guanidine is a metabolite of guanidine. It is a synthetic compound that is used as an analytical reference standard and impurity in pharmaceutical products. It is also used to create an impurity standard for HPLC analysis. This compound has been found in natural sources such as plants and animal tissues, but it can also be synthesized in the lab. The CAS number for this substance is 74886-59-2.</p>

<p>Ethyl 3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate is an anticancer drug that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of dpp-iv and pde5, which are enzymes involved in cellular proliferation. Ethyl 3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate has also been shown to have antiinflammatory properties, which may be due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. <br>Ethyl 3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate is a multinuclear compound that reacts with nitrogen atoms from the pyrazoles to form a stable molecule. Dimethylformamide is used as a solvent for this reaction. The synthesis of ethyl 3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate starts with acetylation, which converts the carboxylic acid group into an acetic acid group. The acetic acid group reacts with ammonia and hydrogen cyan</p>

5-Methoxy-2-[[(3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulphinyl]-1H-benzimidazole is a natural product. It is an impurity in the drug development process and may be present as an analytical marker for impurities. 5-Methoxy-2-[(3,5-dimethylpyridinium)methyl]sulfinyl]-1Hbenzimidazole is used as a pharmacopoeia standard and can be synthesized on request.

<p>Di-isopropyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate is a metabolite of gatifloxacin. It is a natural product and its CAS number is 21881-78-7. Diisopropyl 1,4-dihydro 2,6-dimethyl 4-(3 nitrophenyl) pyridine 3,5 di carboxylate is an impurity standard for gatifloxacin. It has been synthesized and can be custom made to meet the pharmacopeia or API impurity requirements for drug development. The purity of this compound ranges from 98% to 100%. This compound is used in HPLC standards for research and development purposes such as metabolism studies.</p>

<p>Cetirizine glycerol ester impurity is a drug product that is an analytical impurity. It is a natural, API impurity, and synthetic. The CAS number for this impurity is 1243652-36-9. Research and Development (R&amp;D) of cetirizine glycerol ester impurity is required for the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. High purity cetirizine glycerol ester impurity can be used as a pharmacopoeia standard for HPLC analyses.</p>

<p>N-((-3-(3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)methyl) acetamide is a custom synthesis, drug product, niche, Metabolite, Drug Development, CAS No. 224323-50-6. It is a natural compound and has pharmacopoeia and API impurity. It is an analytical standard for HPLC and research and development. It is a high purity synthetic with impurity standard.</p>

Please enquire for more information about L-138,037 including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

<p>Rabeprazole Impurity 2 is a research and development impurity standard that is used for qualitative analysis. It can be custom synthesized to meet specific needs, and it can also be used in drug product synthesis. Rabeprazole Impurity 2 is a high purity synthetic compound that has been pharmacopoeia-qualified. It can also be used as a metabolite or analytical standard, and it has been studied for its metabolism studies with HPLC-MS. Rabeprazole Impurity 2 has CAS No. 1807988-36-8.</p>

<p>Tacrolimus is a macrolide antibiotic that binds to the calcineurin receptor and inhibits the production of cytokines. It is used to treat certain types of autoimmunity and hyperproliferation in patients with cancer, organ transplant recipients, and those who have undergone radiation therapy. The drug is available in two forms: tacrolimus (the natural form) and desmethyl tacrolimus (a metabolite). Desmethyl tacrolimus is produced by microbial transformation, which converts the natural form into a more water-soluble derivative. This conversion can be prevented by adding additives such as proton pump inhibitors or pde5 inhibitors. Symptoms of tacrolimus include hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, fever, skin rash, diarrhea, and anemia. Tacrolimus has been shown to inhibit the activity of fk506-binding proteins in vitro and in vivo through competitive inhibition.</p>

<p>Olmesartan medoxomil is a prodrug that is metabolized to the active form, olmesartan, in the liver. The esters of olmesartan medoxomil are metabolized by hydrolysis and by esterases. The most common side effects of olmesartan medoxomil are headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea and diarrhea. Olmesartan medoxomil is used for the treatment of high blood pressure in adults. This drug also has anti-inflammatory properties due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>4-Isobutyl-2-pyrrolidinone is a colorless liquid that belongs to the category of phosphites. It has a high boiling point, which makes it suitable for use in organic solvents and as a heat transfer agent. The thermodynamic properties of 4-Isobutyl-2-pyrrolidinone have been evaluated using the protonation theory. It can be protonated at either the nitrogen or the methyl group, and both forms are present in solution. This means that 4-Isobutyl-2-pyrrolidinone is acidic and can react with other compounds to form salts called lactams. There are two isomers of this compound: cis and trans. Both isomers exist in equilibrium; however, the cis isomer predominates at room temperature. The most common impurities of 4-Isobutyl-2-pyrrolidinone are dehydration products formed during synthesis or</p>

<p>Dimethyl-2-ene-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionamide is an impurity that is found in N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)-propionamide. It is a white solid and has a melting point of 132°C. Dimethyl-2-ene-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionamide is not soluble in water or ethanol. This compound is used as a high purity, API impurity, HPLC standard, niche, pharmacopoeia, Custom synthesis, Drug development, analytical and Synthetic drug product. Dimethyl-2-ene-3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionamide can be metabolized by the liver to 2-[(2E)-1H-[1]benzopyran--5(6H)-ylidene]-N,N'-dimethylethane--3(2H)-carbox</p>

<p>Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity C is a research and development chemical with CAS No. 1207-0284-00-6 that belongs to the class of drugs. It is a custom synthesis, high purity, pharmacopoeia grade drug product that exhibits analytical properties similar to the drug product. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity C has been shown to be a metabolite of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and is used for metabolism studies.</p>

<p>This compound is a research and development impurity standard. It is synthesized in accordance with the pharmacopoeia, and it is an API impurity. It is also used as a metabolite standard for drug development and metabolism studies. This compound has been tested in HPLC standards.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-toluoyl-D-ribopyranoside is a synthetic impurity standard for the drug product. It has been used in studies on metabolism and as an analytical reference material. Methyl 2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-toluoyl-D-ribopyranoside is also available as a custom synthesis at high purity.</p>

<p>1,3-Bis(p-chlorobenzylidene)amino]guanidine hydrochloride (1,3-BCBGAH) is a method for the determination of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in reaction solutions. It is used as an analytical reagent in the analysis of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in pharmaceuticals and other organic chemicals. The matrix effect can be reduced by adding quillaja saponaria to the extraction solution. The main application of this compound is for the detection of resistant mutants in infectious diseases such as liver lesions and tissue infection. 1,3-BCBGAH has also been shown to be effective against robenidine and polymyxin B., with a more favorable toxicity profile than maduramicin ammonium or anhydrous sodium.</p>

<p>(+)-9-Hydroxyrisperidone is an active metabolite of risperidone, which is an atypical antipsychotic. It functions as a dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist and serotonin (5-HT2A) receptor antagonist. The (+)-9-hydroxyrisperidone binds to the D2 receptor in the brain and prevents dopamine from binding, thereby blocking dopamine D2 receptors. This blocks the action of dopamine on postsynaptic cells, which results in a decrease in dopaminergic effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms and akathisia. In addition, (+)-9-hydroxyrisperidone binds to serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and blocks serotonin from binding, thereby blocking serotonin effects such as hallucinations and suicidal thoughts.</p>

The synthesis of N,N-dimethyl-2-(1-phenyl-1-(pyridin-4-yl)ethoxy)ethanamine is a two step process. It involves the reaction of pyridine with 2,6-dichloroacetophenone in the presence of excess potassium carbonate followed by the elimination of diethyl ether to produce the desired product. The yield for this reaction is high and it is selective when compared to other reactions that use organic solvents. This product can also be quantified using various analytical methods such as thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography.

<p>Fluticasone furoate impurity F is a synthetic, high-purity, pharmacopoeia grade drug product. It has been developed for research and development purposes only. Impurity standard: Fluticasone furoate impurity F is a metabolite of fluticasone furoate.<br>Synthetic: Fluticasone furoate impurity F is a synthetic compound that has been custom synthesized to meet your requirements.<br>Drug Development: Fluticasone furoate impurity F has been developed as a drug product to be used in the development of new drugs.<br>Metabolism Studies: Fluticasone furoate impurity F can be used in metabolism studies and analytical determinations.END&gt;&gt;</p>

<p>Intermediate in the synthesis of ribavirin</p>

<p>1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester is an API impurity. It is a white or cream powder with a melting point of about 135°C. This impurity can be used as an impurity standard for HPLC applications to determine the purity of drug products. It is also suitable for use as a pharmacopoeia analytical reference material and as a synthetic intermediate in research and development (R&amp;D) studies.</p>

<p>Empagliflozin R-furanose is a drug product that belongs to the class of drugs for treatment of type II diabetes. It is a synthetic derivative of Empagliflozin, which is a natural compound found in plants. Empagliflozin R-furanose has been shown to inhibit the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) and reduce postprandial glucose levels in healthy subjects. This drug product has also been shown to be safe and effective in lowering blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance.</p>

<p>Dutasteride impurity D is a natural impurity found in dutasteride and has been reported to be an analytical marker for dutasteride. It is also used as an impurity standard, HPLC standard, and custom synthesis for drug development. Metabolism studies have shown that the major route of elimination for Dutasteride impurity D is through glucuronidation with minor amounts being excreted in urine unchanged.</p>

<p>Nisoxetine is a norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant. It has been shown to be a potent and selective NE reuptake inhibitor with a high affinity towards the NE transporter in rat brain synaptosomes, with potency several times higher than that of tricyclic antidepressants. Nisoxetine's major advantage over other antidepressants is its high efficiency, which makes it suitable for large-scale production. The synthesis of nisoxetine involves two steps: 1) reaction of 3-[methyl(phenylmethyl)amino]-1-phenyl-1-propanone hydrochloride with toluene to form the corresponding methyl ester and 2) hydrogenation of the methyl ester to form nisoxetine. This synthesis is efficient, stable, and chiral due to the use of bimetallic catalysts.</p>

<p>2,5-Pyrazinedipropionic acid is a pyrazine derivative with two carboxylic acid groups. It has been shown to be effective in the stabilization of bladder tissue and as a treatment method for bladder cancer. 2,5-Pyrazinedipropionic acid can also be used in the diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma and mesoporous silica nanoparticles that are used in cancer detection. The compound has been found to have a high melting point and water absorption capacity, which makes it suitable for use as an aminolevulinic acid precursor for photodynamic therapy. The compound also has vibrational spectral characteristics that make it suitable for nucleophilic attack on DNA</p>

<p>(R)-5-Hydroxymethyl tolterodine is a prodrug that is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in the liver to its active form, tolterodine. This drug can be used as an alternative for gabapentin in the treatment of detrusor muscle overactivity associated with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The pharmacokinetic properties of (R)-5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine are similar to those of gabapentin, including the elimination half-life and volume of distribution. However, unlike gabapentin, which has been shown to increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow, there is no evidence that this drug has any effect on GFR or renal blood flow. There is also no evidence that (R)-5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine causes any symptoms that may be attributed to</p>

<p>Amoxicillin EP impurity K is a research and development impurity standard. It is a synthetic ampicillin-derived beta-lactam antibiotic that is a metabolite of amoxicillin. Amoxicillin EP impurity K has been shown to be an inhibitor of bacterial protein synthesis, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the activity of ribosomes and 50S subunits. This product can be custom synthesized and is available at high purity. Amoxicillin EP impurity K is used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products, such as tablets and capsules, for drug development.</p>

<p>2-Methyl-10-(2-nitrophenyl)-10H-benzo[b]thieno[2,3-e][1,4]diazepin-4-amine is an analytical standard for HPLC. It is a research and development chemical and should be handled with care. 2-Methyl-10-(2-nitrophenyl)-10H-benzo[b]thieno[2,3-e][1,4]diazepin-4-amine is a drug development API impurity that can be found in the drug product. Impurities standards are available for this compound. The CAS number for 2 methyl 10 (2 nitrophenyl) 10H benzo [b] thieno [2,3 - e][1,4] diazepin 4 amine is 71437–05–9.</p>

<p>Clobazam impurity D is a natural metabolite of clobazam. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in methanol, ethanol, and dichloromethane. Clobazam impurity D has been shown to be an analytical standard for HPLC analysis. It has also been used as a reference material for the pharmacopoeia, which is a publication that sets standards for purity or strength of chemicals and drugs. Clobazam impurity D is synthesized by the reaction of 3-chloro-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)benzamide with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal.</p>

<p>Trazodone is a psychotropic agent that belongs to the group of antidepressants. Trazodone hydrochloride impurity C is a metabolite of trazodone and can be used as an impurity standard for the drug product in pharmacopoeia. Trazodone hydrochloride impurity C has been found in urine, blood, and saliva after administration of trazodone. It is also found in the plasma of pregnant women who are taking trazodone to treat depression or anxiety during pregnancy. <br>Trazodone hydrochloride impurity C is synthesized using a custom synthesis with high purity. It has been shown to have a niche market as an analytical reference material for HPLC standards.</p>

<p>Hydrocortisone dimer impurity 4 is an impurity found in the drug product Hydrocortisone. It is a natural, API impurity, CAS No. 5949-44-8, and has been synthesized for use as an analytical standard. The substance's Metabolism studies were conducted using rats and mice, and it was found to be metabolized mainly by hydrolysis with glucuronidases or esterases. It also has a high purity of &gt;99%.</p>

2,3,4-Trimethoxybenzyl alcohol is a photooxidant that is used in pharmaceutical formulations. It has a catalytic effect on the photooxidation of trifluoroacetic acid and is used for the production of fluoroquinolones. It can also be used to produce other pharmaceutical compounds such as antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs. 2,3,4-Trimethoxybenzyl alcohol is found in small quantities in many natural products such as fruits and vegetables. It has been shown to have potential impurities including 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and selectivity modifiers.

<p>Clarithromycin EP Impurity K is an impurity standard for Clarithromycin in the form of a crystalline white powder. It is a synthetic compound which has been used as a drug product and as an analytical standard. This compound can be synthesized from erythromycin A, but it is not active against bacteria. Clarithromycin EP Impurity K has been shown to have metabolite properties in animals and humans, including metabolism studies with HPLC standards.</p>

<p>Intermediate for tiotropium bromide synthesis</p>

Calcipotriol EP Impurity B is a drug product that is an impurity in Calcipotriol EP. It is produced during the synthesis of calcipotriol and may be present in the natural product. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, and can be used as a research tool to study calcipotriol metabolism.

Methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-(2H)-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylate-1,1-dioxide is a centrosymmetric molecule with an aspergillus flavus conformation. It is an acetanilide derivative that has been shown to be an effective antioxidant and medicine for the treatment of cancer. This product is also used in the production of hydrogen bonds and linkers in organic synthesis. The yields are high and it can be oriented during irradiation.

Olanzapine N-oxide is a metabolite of olanzapine. It is produced by the oxidative deamination of olanzapine, which is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Olanzapine N-oxide has been shown to be responsible for some of the side effects associated with olanzapine, such as weight gain and sedation. The presence of olanzapine N-oxide in human plasma has been shown to increase with age and in women, which may be due to its higher affinity for α1-acid glycoprotein. Olanzapine N-oxide can be detected in urine or faeces using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS).

<p>11-Piperazin-1-yl-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepine is a drug used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is a member of the thiazepine class of antipsychotics that blocks dopamine receptors in the brain. 11-Piperazin-1-yl-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepine has been shown to be effective for treatment trials and toxicity studies in animals. This drug has also been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect on cytokines such as il-10. The drug interacts with other drugs by inhibiting the activity of certain enzymes that metabolize it so it can be eliminated from the body more quickly. The elimination half life for this drug is about 6 hours. 11-Piperazin-1-yl-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepine binds to specific receptors in the brain which</p>

<p>Roxithromycin impurity K is a custom synthesis that is used as a research and development tool. It is not intended for use in drug products. Roxithromycin impurity K has been shown to have effects similar to those of roxithromycin, but with different metabolic pathways and properties. Roxithromycin impurity K has been shown to be metabolized through the cytochrome P450 system, which may result in the production of metabolites that are more potent than roxithromycin itself.</p>

<p>Remdesivir related compound 12 is a synthetic drug product. It is an impurity standard used for the production of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, remdesivir. The substance is a custom synthesis and can be synthesized to meet customer specifications. Remdesivir related compound 12 has been studied in animal models for metabolism studies and human pharmacokinetic studies. This substance is also used for research and development, as well as niche drug development.</p>

The impurity (2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde) is a metabolite of montelukast. It is an analytical impurity that has been quantified in the drug product and has also been found to be present in the synthetic process. The impurity standard was developed using HPLC. It can be used as a high purity reference material for pharmacopoeia and custom synthesis.

<p>Sildenafil N-Oxide is a solvate, hydrate, and prodrug of sildenafil citrate. It is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension. Sildenafil N-Oxide is an oral drug that is converted to its active form, sildenafil, in the liver by CYP3A4. Sildenafil N-Oxide's effects on human erection are thought to be due to its ability to block phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which increases the levels of cGMP in smooth muscle cells and causes relaxation of the corpus cavernosum. This leads to increased blood flow into the penis and an erection.</p>

<p>Caspofungin impurity C is a high-purity, chromatographically pure, caspofungin impurity. It was isolated by chromatography and was found to have a retention time of 12.5 minutes on the chromatogram. The impurity is thought to be an organic compound with a molecular weight of 437.2 and may be due to the presence of an acetyl group or hydroxyl group.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-[[3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]benzoate is a bifunctional modulator of androgen receptors. It is a competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor with an IC50 of 16 nM. Methyl 2-[[3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]benzoate has been shown to have weak binding affinity for the human androgen receptor, but it is not soluble in water and will require further research before it can be used clinically.</p>

<p>Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity C is a drug product that is an analytical standard. It is a synthetic impurity found in the drug Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate, which is used for the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy. Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Impurity C has been shown to be metabolized through oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes and conjugation with glucuronic acid. The impurity has been shown to have no effect on the pharmacological activity of the parent compound.</p>

<p>Methotrexate dimethylamide is a research and development impurity standard with high purity. It is a synthetic drug product that can be custom synthesized to meet the needs of the customer. Methotrexate dimethylamide has been used as an analytical standard for HPLC analysis and as a natural metabolite in metabolism studies. This compound is also known as 71074-44-7, CAS No. 71074-44-7, or Metabolite.</p>

<p>(3R,5S)-Atorvastatin sodium salt is a synthetic compound that is used in the treatment of high cholesterol. It belongs to the class of statins, which are used for lowering blood cholesterol levels. The drug product contains at least 99% by weight of (3R,5S)-atorvastatin sodium salt. This product also has an analytical purity greater than 98%. It is metabolized via oxidation and hydroxylation to form metabolites that exhibit pharmacological activity similar to the parent molecule. (3R,5S)-Atorvastatin sodium salt is a natural product that can be found in plants such as yew trees. This drug has been shown to have niche applications in drug development and research and development.</p>

<p>Desfluoro atorvastatin is a crystalline polymorph of atorvastatin that has been shown to have improved flowrate and dissolution profile compared with the conventional form. Desfluoro atorvastatin is synthesized by adding a fluorine atom to a specific position in the molecule. The synthesis procedure includes chromatographic purification and analysis of impurities, which are then eliminated by diode laser irradiation. Impurities may also be eliminated through hydrogenation or recrystallization.</p>

<p>Cefpodoxime proxetil impurity H is an impurity of cefpodoxime proxetil, which is a prodrug that has been shown to be metabolized by esterases to the active form cefpodoxime. Cefpodoxime proxetil impurity H was found in the elution fraction when using liquid chromatography with reversed-phase as the separation method. It is thought that this impurity may arise from the use of methanol in the process of preparing cefpodoxime proxetil, although other mechanisms have not been ruled out. The mass spectrum for cefpodoxime proxetil impurity H shows peaks at m/z 812 and 682, which correspond to the parent drug and its hydrolysis product, respectively. The fragmentation pattern observed for cefpodoxime proxetil impurity H corresponds to that seen for cephalosporins.</p>

<p>D-Thr(5)-Semaglutide is a semaglutide impurity. The amino acid at position 5 has been replaced by the D-form of the amino acid D-threonine (D-Thr). Semaglutide impurities are structurally related compounds that arise during synthesis, purification, or storage of semaglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.</p>

<p>Tirzepatide impurity.</p>

<p>Ethyl (5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylate, racemic) is a molecule that can be used in the treatment of cardiac diseases. It is a cardiotonic agent that has been shown to shorten the duration of ventricular fibrillation and restore contractility. This drug also decreases the frequency and severity of angina pectoris and enhances coronary artery blood flow. The most effective dose for this drug is 1.5 mg per kg body weight. It is administered orally or intravenously and should not be used with fatty esters because it may cause hypotension. Ethyl (5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylate, racemic) has been shown to have an effect on metal coordination profiles as well as an activated form of the molecule.</p>

<p>Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity B is a high purity, synthetic, custom synthesis drug product. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity B is a metabolite of lisdexamfetamine and the impurity standard for lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. It is used in pharmacopoeia to develop drugs. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate impurity B is also used in analytical studies such as HPLC standards.</p>

<p>Tirzepatide impurity.</p>

<p>D-Glu(21)-Semaglutide is a semaglutide impurity. The amino acid at position 21 has been replaced by the D-form of the amino acid D-glutamic acid (D-Glu). Semaglutide impurities are structurally related compounds that arise during synthesis, purification, or storage of semaglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.</p>

Defluoro atorvastatin calcium is a bulk drug that has been approved to be used as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated cholesterol levels in adults. Defluoro atorvastatin calcium is the desfluoro-enantiomer of atorvastatin, which is a statin that inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, which is an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol. The fluoro group on defluoro atorvastatin calcium is not expected to have any significant effect on its potency or metabolic pathways and any impurities are not expected to have any therapeutic effect.

<p>N-Methylnitroacetamide is a pyridinium salt used as an additive in pharmaceutical preparations. It is also a drug substance that is used for oral dosage, and has been shown to be active in methylene chloride and organic solvents. This chemical has been found to have a number of impurities, including acidic compounds and organic solvents, which can cause it to degrade over time. The use of this compound requires validation and kinetic studies to ensure it meets the quality standards for its intended use.</p>

<p>Cis-4-[[[(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]amino]methyl]-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is a tert-butyl derivative of cis-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. It has been shown to interact with plasmin and inhibit both the enzymatic activity and the binding of plasmin to its substrates. Cis-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid interacts with the side chain of the amino group in plasmin's active site, which is different from other known inhibitors. This compound has also been shown to inhibit urokinase and picolyl plasminogen activator (PPA).</p>

<p>4-(1-Hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-propyl-1[4-[2-(trityltetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methylimidazol-5-caboxylic acid (4MPPC) is a water soluble, clear liquid that is used as a solvent. It can be prepared by the reaction of sodium carbonate with an organic or inorganic salt solution in acetonitrile. The solvents are then removed using filtration and the final product is obtained by evaporation of the solvent. 4MPPC has been used in the preparation of medoxomil, which is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by binding to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.</p>

6'-Methoxy-2'-acetonaphthone is a reactive chemical that can be used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is an electron-rich aromatic compound and its reactivity is enhanced by electron-donating groups such as -OH, -NH2, or -SH. 6'-Methoxy-2'-acetonaphthone can be used to form new carbon-carbon bonds in the presence of metal catalysts. This reaction can be done in either the presence or absence of a solvent, although the yield is better when carried out in organic solvents. Oxime derivatives are formed as oxidation products during this reaction. Acetylation may also occur, which would produce acetophenones or phenylacetones.

<p>Pantoprazole sulphone is a proton-pump inhibitor that inhibits the production of stomach acid and protects the esophagus from damage. Pantoprazole sulphone has been shown to be effective in treating heart disease patients and reducing their risk of death. It also has biological properties, including modulating the effects of bosentan, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pantoprazole sulphone has been shown to be chemically stable and stereoselective, which means it binds more strongly to one site than another. Clinical pharmacology studies have found that pantoprazole sulphone has no effect on abomasal motility or gastric emptying time.</p>

<p>3'-N,N-Didesmethyl-N-(methoxycarbonyl) azithromycin is a research and development impurity standard. It is synthesized by reacting 3-desacetylazithromycin with methoxycarbonyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. This product has been tested for purity by HPLC. CAS No. 16892-65-2</p>

<p>Atorvastatin epoxy tetrahydrofuran impurity is a byproduct of the synthesis process. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in organic solvents and sparingly soluble in water. Atorvastatin epoxy tetrahydrofuran impurity has been shown to be an impurity of atorvastatin. It is not known to have any biological activity, but it may pose a health risk if present in large quantities.</p>

<p>5-(2-Cyclopropyl-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl acetate is a substance that is used as a reference in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. It is used to validate the method in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). The substance is also known as prasugrel hydrochloride and it is used as an antiplatelet agent.</p>

<p>Tirzepatide Impurity</p>

<p>All-trans-retinol-d5 is a supplement that is used to protect the brain from oxidative damage and to help maintain healthy skin. It is an antioxidant that prevents free radicals from damaging cells and helps maintain the structural integrity of cell membranes. All-trans-retinol-d5 can be found in high concentrations in animal tissues, such as liver, lung, kidney, heart, brain, and eye. It can also be found in human urine. The presence of all-trans-retinol-d5 in urine has been correlated with neuroprotective effects. Retinol levels have been shown to be higher in children who are less obese than those who are obese or overweight. All-trans retinol has been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by inhibiting protein synthesis at the level of transcription.</p>

Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bulimia nervosa, panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and social anxiety disorder. It is also used as an appetite suppressant in some countries. Fluoxetine inhibits the neuronal uptake of serotonin by blocking the presynaptic transporter protein. The most common adverse effects are nausea, diarrhea, drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision and sexual dysfunction.

<p>Cetirizine Impurity B is a custom synthesis impurity. It is a product of the metabolism of cetirizine, an anti-allergic drug. Cetirizine Impurity B is used as an impurity standard for drug development and analytical HPLC studies. It has been assigned CAS number 113740-61-7 by the Chemical Abstracts Service. The purity of this compound is greater than 99%.</p>

Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that inhibits the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells. Omeprazole impurity F and G are metabolites of omeprazole. Omeprazole impurity F is a metabolite of omeprazole that forms by oxidation of the methylthio group in omeprazole to form a sulfoxide. Omeprazole impurity G is formed by hydrolysis of the methylthio group in omeprazole to form an alcohol. The purity of this product is high and can be custom synthesized based on customer's needs. It is also available as an HPLC standard or as an API impurity for use in metabolism studies.

Allopurinol impurity C is a product of the reaction between allopurinol and n-butyl alcohol, which occurs in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution and dimethylformamide. The reaction condition is heated to reflux for 12 hours, after which the mixture is filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resultant crude product is purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate and then recrystallized from methanol. The synthesis scheme can be found in Figure 1.

<p>Tirzepatide impurity.</p>

<p>[[5-[[(2-Aminoethyl)thio]methyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]dimethylamine is a metabolite of the drug [[5-[[(2-Aminoethyl)thio]methyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]dimethylamine. It is found in the urine of patients taking [[5-[[(2-Aminoethyl)thio]methyl]furan-2-yl]methyl]dimethylamine and has been used as an impurity standard for [[5-[(2-(Aminoethyl)thio]-methyl]-furan-2ylmethyl]-dimethylamine.</p>

<p>Tirzepatide Impurity</p>

<p>25-Hydroxytachysterol is a drug product that is manufactured by natural and synthetic means. The natural form of the compound is found in the urine of pregnant women, while the synthetic form is produced by chemical synthesis. 25-Hydoxytachysterol has been shown to be an analytical standard, impurity standard, and API impurity. It also has been used extensively in metabolism studies and pharmacopoeia research.<br>25-Hydroxytachysterol can be synthesized from cholesterol or obtained from animal sources such as bile acids or piglets. The compound is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to produce 7alpha,24-dihydroxycholesterol, which has progesterone-like properties.</p>

<p>(R)-3-(3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one (FPH) is a synthetic drug product that is used as an impurity standard in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. It is also used in metabolism studies and research and development. FPH has been shown to be a metabolite of the drug product, 3-(3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one, which is classified as an API impurity for pharmacopoeia purposes. FPH has a molecular formula of C11H14FO2N2O and a molecular weight of 222.26 g/mol. The CAS number for FPH is 168828-82-8.</p>

<p>3,5-Di-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-ribofuranosyl isocyanate (CAS No. 53477) is a drug product that belongs to the class of drugs called nucleosides. 3,5-Di-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-ribofuranosyl isocyanate has been shown to be metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. This product has been shown to have antiplasmodial activity and may be useful in the treatment of malaria.</p>

<p>5-Methoxy-2-[[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulphonyl]-1H-benzimidazole N-oxide is a cyclic sulfoxide that has shown to be a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. It is an important intermediate in the synthesis of esomeprazole magnesium, a proton pump inhibitor used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and other gastrointestinal disorders. 5-Methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy 3,5 dimethyl 2 pyridinyl) methyl] sulphonyl]-1H benzimidazole N oxide is also known as (RS)-N-[4-(4′ methoxyphenyl)-3,5 dimethylpyrazol -2 - ylmethyl] methanesulfonamide. This compound has been shown to have a polymorphic form with two different</p>

<p>Colchicine EP Impurity B is a synthetic, impurity standard that is used in research and development for drug product development. It is also used as an analytical reagent. Colchicine EP Impurity B has been shown to be a metabolite of colchicine, which is found in the natural environment. This impurity can be synthesized by reacting 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with nitroethane and sodium nitrite in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Analytical methods to detect this impurity include HPLC and GC-MS.</p>

<p>3-O-Methylcarbidopa is a drug that belongs to the class of dopa decarboxylase inhibitors. It is an inactive prodrug, which is converted into its active form by hydrolysis in the body. 3-O-Methylcarbidopa has been shown to have a plasma concentration that can be detected, with an elimination rate of about 4 hours. The active substance is found in the particle size range of 0.1 to 1 micrometer and can be analyzed using chromatographic methods. 3-O-Methylcarbidopa is primarily used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, but also has potential applications in other diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, depression and schizophrenia.</p>

<p>Famotidine is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist. It is used to prevent stomach ulcers, heartburn, or "acid indigestion." Famotidine is available in various forms for oral administration: tablets, capsules, and solution. The chemical name for famotidine is N-(aminosulphonyl)-3-[[[2-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-4-thiazolyl]methyl]thio]propanamide hydrochloride.</p>

<p>Rosuvastatin impurity B is a hydrophilic impurity with a molecular weight of 716.8 that is found in the formulation of rosuvastatin. It is an analyte that can be detected by liquid chromatography and interacts with metformin, one of the analytes in the analysis. The calibration curve for this impurity was generated by adding ammonium formate to the mobile phase at different concentrations and measuring its interaction with rosuvastatin. The validation of this method was done by injecting samples containing known amounts of rosuvastatin impurity B and comparing the results to those obtained from the calibration curve. This method has a flow rate of 1 mL/min, which is sufficient for analyzing compounds that are eluted at low concentrations.</p>

<p>2-Hydroxy-2-{4-[2-(hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl}dithiazepin (LPSE) is a monoclonal antibody that is used in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. It binds to the antigenic determinant on the surface of atrial cells and also has high affinity for cardiac troponin I. LPSE has biochemical properties that distinguish it from other antibodies and is not known to have any adverse reactions or interactions with other drugs. The clinical relevance of LPSE has been demonstrated by its ability to detect atrial cells in tissue samples from patients with atrial fibrillation, and to discriminate between samples taken from patients who had undergone catheter ablation or those who had not undergone this procedure. LPSE binds to tetroxide, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), amides, and proteins, as well as hl-60 cells,</p>