Organometallic Ligands

<p>Ligand of plasminogen; used for bleeding control</p>

<p>Histamine (H1) antagonist; used to treat allergies, rhinitis and urticaria</p>

<p>Apatinib, also known as rivoceranib, is an inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) tyrosine kinase. Apatinib targets VEGFR2 with its action and has proven to have strong anti-tumor effects in human cancers. In studies in mice, apatinib acted as an Inhibitor of VEGFR2 and played an antiangiogenic effect. Apatinib has been suggested for the treatment of ischemia-induced proliferative retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration.</p>

<p>Recombinant protein against VEGF(A); binds placental growth factor (PIGF)</p>

<p>Iron chelator</p>

<p>Anti-folate inhibitor of thymidylate synthase</p>

<p>Aldose reductase AKR1B10 inhibitor; hepatotoxic</p>

<p>Vasopressin acetate is a synthetic analog of the natural hormone vasopressin, which is derived from peptide synthesis. This product acts as an antidiuretic hormone, primarily targeting kidney receptors to promote water reabsorption and constrict blood vessels. Its mode of action involves binding to V1 and V2 receptors, leading to increased water retention and vasoconstriction.</p>

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; antioxidant</p>

<p>5-HT6 serotonin receptor antagonist; anti-convulsant</p>

<p>Inhibits Akt translocation by targeting the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Inhibits hepatitis C virus NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (IC50 = 79 µM). Attenuates cannabinoid agonist-mediated proliferation of neural stem/precursor cells.</p>

<p>A tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent activity against EGFR, STAT3, JAK3/STAT, JAK3/AP-1 and JAK3/MAPK. Suppresses IL-2 signaling pathway, inhibits T-cell growth and activation of JAK3, AP-1, STAT, MAPK. Has anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effect on cancer cells.</p>

<p>Nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor antagonist</p>

<p>Uricosuric agent</p>

<p>Dopamine reuptake inhibitor</p>

<p>Farnesyltransferase inhibitor</p>

<p>Inhibitor of CKD1, CDK2, and CDK4 serine/threonine kinases</p>

<p>Voxelotor is an oral therapeutic agent, which is a small molecule obtained through synthetic chemistry with targeted activity on hemoglobin. Its mode of action involves the allosteric modification of hemoglobin, specifically increasing hemoglobin oxygen affinity. By stabilizing the oxygenated hemoglobin state, voxelotor reduces the sickling and polymerization of red blood cells that are characteristic of sickle cell disease (SCD).</p>

<p>C16(Plasm) LPC is a lysophosphatidylcholine, a type of lysophospholipid derived predominantly from plasma membrane phospholipids. It originates from the enzymatic action of phospholipase A2, which cleaves the fatty acid chain, typically at the sn-2 position. This leaves behind the lysophospholipid with a single acyl chain.</p>

<p>Selective inhibitor histone methyltransferases SUV420H1 and SUV420H2 (IC50 values = 25 nM and 144 nM, respectively). Reduces histone H4K20me2 and H4K20me3 expression whilst increasing H4K20me1 global expression. Inhibits formation of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) foci upon ionizing radiation and reduces NHEJ-mediated DNA-break repair.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of γ-secretase and Notch signalling</p>

<p>Cyclosporin B is an antifungal and immunosuppressive cyclic peptide, which is derived from the fungus *Tolypocladium inflatum*. The compound is a member of the cyclosporin family, characterized by cyclic polypeptides with a unique arrangement of amino acids that enable its biological activity. Though its precise mode of action is not completely delineated, it is observed to influence cell growth and viability by potentially disrupting cellular communication or signal transduction pathways.</p>

<p>Serine protease inhibitor</p>

<p>Pam3Csk4 (Pam3) is a TLR1/2 agonist which when combined with the TLR3 agonist polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyI:C), forms the adjuvant system known as L-pampo. L-pampo has demonstrated the ability to produce stronger antibody generation against Hepatis B Virus compared to Alum and takes part in cell-mediated immune responses for example leading to elevated multifunctional CD4+ T cells. It has also shown its potential in producing strong humoral and cellular immune responses as an adjuvant against SARS-CoV-2.</p>

<p>Vismodegib is a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor belonging to the 2-arylpyridine class. It acts as a competitive antagonist of the smoothened receptor (SMO) localized in the cell membrane. SMO activates an intracellular cascade that results in activation and nuclear translocation of Gli family transcription factor. Vismodegib has been used in clinical trials for treatment of advanced cancers.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of Abl and Src kinases; anti-proliferative; antineoplasticÂ</p>

<p>Loreclezole is an antiepileptic drug, which is a synthetic compound with therapeutic effects on the central nervous system. This drug is classified as a 1,2-benzothiazole derivative and primarily impacts neuronal activity. Its source is entirely synthetic, developed through chemical synthesis processes designed to target specific neural pathways involved in seizure activity.</p>

<p>Multi-kinase inhibitor; inhibits epoxide hydrolase; antineoplastic</p>

<p>Active metabolite of ifosfamide; alkylates and cross-links DNA; antineoplastic</p>

<p>Inhibitor of DNA replication; inhibitor of theophylline and caffeine metabolism</p>

<p>FP receptor ligand; activator of PGF2αR</p>

<p>Inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase</p>

<p>Protective agent against mercuric chloride poisoning</p>

<p>Sodium channel blocker; anti-arrhythmic agent</p>

<p>Inhibitor of TASK tandem pore potassium channel; respiratory stimulant</p>

<p>mTOR kinase inhibitor; anti-neoplastic</p>

<p>Ionic dimeric contrast agent for diagnostic imaging of the liver</p>

<p>Antagonist of serotonin receptors 5-HT3</p>

<p>Muscle relaxant; anti-inflammatory</p>

<p>Inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 7</p>

<p>1-NM-PP1, also known as 1NM-PP1, is an inhibitor of the Src kinase. Studies have shown that 1-NM-PP1 inhibits analog-sensitive kinases (as-kinases) characterised by a small amino acid as gatekeeper of the ATP binding site. Tested to prevent parasitic infections, 1-NM-PP1 inhibited the Toxoplasma gondii life cycle when used at a higher concentration than 500 nM.</p>

<p>Serotonin receptor and histamine (H1) receptor antagonist</p>

<p>Inhibitor of NPM-ALK kinase</p>

<p>Analogue of GABA; GABA receptor agonist used in epilepsy</p>

<p>SU 3327, originally introduced as a thiadiazole JNK inhibitor (De et al. 2009) has recently been identified as having antibiotic activity against a broad range of bacteria including drug-resistant gram positive and negative strains (Strokes et al. 2020). This molecule has been given the fictional name ‘Halicin’ inspired by the AI approach used to discover its novel biological activity.</p>

<p>PI3K enzyme inhibitor</p>

<p>Inhibitor of voltage-activated calcium channels</p>

<p>Heparinase II is an enzyme derived from the bacterium Flavobacterium heparinum, which is known for its ability to degrade glycosaminoglycans such as heparin and heparan sulfate through preferential endolytic cleavage. This enzyme specifically recognizes and acts upon the 1,4-glycosidic linkages in heparin and heparan sulfate substrates, leading to their depolymerization into smaller oligosaccharides.</p>

<p>Small molecule antagonist of heparan sulfate that binds to glycosaminoglycans electrostatically. Surfen neutralised anti-coagulant activity of unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins, inhibited enzymatic sulfation and degradation reactions. Surfen also blocked signalling and cell adhesion to fibronectin that was triggered by heparan sulphate.</p>

<p>Binds to FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) to form a complex that inhibits mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR). Blocks p70 S6 kinase activation by interleukin-2 and thereby inhibits proliferation of T cells. Induces differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to mesendoderm and blood progenitor cells.</p>