Toxicology

<p>Applications 4-Dimethylaminosulfotoluidide-d7 is an isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of Tolylfluanide (T536730), a polyvalent sulfamide fungicide that is closely related to dichlofluanide.<br>References Wainwright, A. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 1, 275 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gagne, F., et al.: Environ. Res., 103, 238 (2007), LaChapelle, A., et al.: Reprod. Toxicol., 23, 20 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Calcium regulator. Preparation by reduction of Tachysterol. It is widely used for hypocalcemic hypoparathyroidism following surgical removal of parathyroids.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schilling, T., et al.: Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes, 105, 237 (1997), Bushinsky, D., et al.: Lancet, 352, 306 (1998), Jehle, D., et al.: J. Med., 30, 39 (1999), Winer, K., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 88, 4214 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Selective herbicide. Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes and skin; dermatitis, skin sensitization; dyspnea, weakness, incoordination, salivation; hypothermia; liver injury.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs)<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dalgaard-Mikkelsen, S., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 14, 225 (1962), Muller, K., et al.: J. Environ. Qual., 31, 309 (2002), Backhaus, T., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 23, 258 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-carbamoylformimidamide Tritosulfuron is a metabolite of Tritosulfuron (T886903) is a sulfonylurea herbicide found in in ground, surface and wastewater.<br>References Fenoll, J., et al.: Talanta, 101, 273 (2012); Huntscha, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1268, 74 (2012); Reemtsma, T., et al.: Water Res., 47, 5535 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Vismodegib targets the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Inhibition of the Hh signaling may be effective in the treatment and prevention of many types of human cancers. Potent Hedgehog inhibitor.<br>References Gupta, S. et al.: Ther. Advances in Med. Oncology 2,237(2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Retapamulin is an antibacterial agent used as a substitute for the more commonly known Penicillin (P223505).<br>References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Tyrosol 3-Sulphate is a metabolite of Hydroxy Tyrosol (H977000).<br>References Owen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer., 36, 1235 (2000), Bakalbassis, E., et al.: Lipids, 36, 181 (2001), Nenadis, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1874 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Trimethoprim (T795615) with inhibitory effects on the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase.<br>References Kompis, I. et al.: Enzyme Inhib. Proc. Meet., 177 (1980); Hess, S. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 25, 531 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Propylphosphorothioic triamide is used to significantly reduce ammonia volatilization in urea.<br>References Sunderlage, B., et al.: Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 82, 253 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications LEE011 is an orally bioavailable and highly specific CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6) inhibitor. LEE011 in combination with LGX818 (a V600E BRAF specific inhibitor) or BYL719 (a PIK3CA specific inhibitor) leads to robust anti-tumor activity in melanoma and breast cancer tumor models.<br>References Kim, S., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 12, PR02 (2013); Rader, J., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 19, 6173 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled Phentolamine (P302550). An adrenergic blocking agent. An antihypertensive. Used for the treatment of pheochromocytoma.<br>References Meier, R., et al.: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 71, 70 (1949), Spergel, G., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 211, 266 (1970), Gould, L. and Reddy, C.V.R.: Am. Heart J., 92, 397 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3’-N-Didesmethyl-3’-N-tosyl Azithromycin is a derivative of Azithromycin (A927000, dihydrate) which is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic.<br>References Langtry, H.D., et al.: Drugs, 56, 273 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Widely distributed in small amounts in plants. Used as an antioxidant and food preservative.<br>References Smart, M.G., et al.: Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 6, 485 (1979), Chen, C., et al.: J. Food Lipids, 2, 35,1995, Benzie, I., et al.: Anal. Biochem. 239, 70 (1996), Nardini, M., et al.: Food Chem., 79, 119 (2002), Lee, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 2647 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane a synthetic organochlorine insecticide. 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane functions by opening sodium ion channels in the insects’ neurons, causing them to fire spontaneously which in turn leads to death. 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane is banned for agricultural use in North America, it is still commonly used in some countries and particularly as a means of malaria control.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Balkew, M. et al.: Paras. Vect., 3, No pp. given (2010); Kikankie, C.K. et al.: Malaria J., 9, No pp. given. (2010); Battu, R.S. et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 78, 173 (1989);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Disperse Polyester Dark Blue causes photocontact dermatitis in workers engaged in its manufacturing.<br>References Davies, Keith A., et al.: J. Appl. Chem. Biotechn., 25(3), 195-204 (1975)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Genistein-7-sulfate 4’-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of Genistein (G350000), a compound that exhibits specific inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinases,including autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase.<br>References Akiyama, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5592 (1987); O'Dell, T.J., et al.: Nature, 353, 588 (1991); Aharonovits, O., et al.: Biochim Biophys. Acta, 1112, 181 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Metriram is a polymeric dithiocarbamic fungicide used in agriculture. Metiram is present as a mixture rather than a complex and is not assigned an ISO name. Metiram is used commonly in the protection of grapevines, apples, tomatoes, potatoes as well as other crops.<br>References Golyshin, N.M&gt; et al.: Khim. Sel. Khoz., 4, 897 (1965); Ross, R.G. et al.: Can. J. Plant Sci., 58, 601 (1978); Newsome, W.H. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 24, 999 (1976);<br></p>

<p>Applications Brivaracetam-d7, is the labeled analogue of Brivaracetam (B677645), which is a 4-n-propyl analog of levetiracetam (L331500), and a racetam derivative with anticonvulsant properties.<br>References Rosenstiel, P., et al.:Neurotherapeutics, 4 (1), 84 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Aziprotryne is a pesticide.<br></p>

<p>Applications Baricitinib is a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor and have been used as a promising treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.<br>References Greenwald, L.J., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Rheumatol., 6, 401 (2011); Fridman, J.S., et al.: J. Immunol., 184, 5298 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic, related to sisomicin. Antibacterial.<br>References Miller, G.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 10, 827 (1976), Raab, W., et al.: Adv. Clin. Pharmacol., 15, 91 (1978), Noone, P., et al.: Drugs, 27, 548 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Xiaochongliulin is used in methods and formulations for preventing downward migration of agricultural materials.<br>References Essig, Kenneth J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl.,(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications Trinexapac-ethyl<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N-Dimethylformamide Di-tert-butyl Acetal is used as a reagent in the synthesis of fused bicyclic ethers which act as herbicides on broad-leaved weeds. It is also used as a reagent in the preparation and biological evaluation of cystobactamide 507 which is bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schaetzer, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 4643 (2014); Casalini, F., et al.: Moreno, M., et al.: Synlett, 26, 1175 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluometuron is an phenylurea based herbicide used on cotton and sugarcane crops.<br>References Can, A., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 35, 369 (2013); Reiss, R., et al.: Food. Chem. Toxicol., 50, 4421 (2012); Bibi, A.C., et al.: J. Agri. Sci., 150, 365 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxyisofenphos is a stable degredation product of Isofenphos, a soil insecticide.<br>References Felsot, A.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. B, B19, 13 (1984); Hsin, C.Y., Coats, J.R.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 25, 336 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Buprofezin is a insecticide which works as a chitin synthesis inhibitor. Buprofezin is used to control stubborn rice pests and is effective in controlling green leaf hoppers and white back plant hoppers for long durations. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br>References Hou, X., et al.: Food. Chem., 138, 1198 (2013); Sohrabi, F., et al.: Crop. Protect., 45, 98 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isocarbophos is an organophosphorus pesticide residue found in spicy foods and nuts.<br>References Gao, Y., et al.: Huaxue Shiji, 39, 1083 (2017); Dong, Y., et al.: Fenxi Huaxue, 45, 1397 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications It was reported to be a new naturally occurring plant-growth regulator. Present in plant cuticle waxes and in beeswax as the palmitate.<br>References Farag, R., et al.: J. Food Prot., 52, 665 (1989), Cuvelier, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 42, 665 (1994), Huang, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 701 (1994), Offord, E., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 16, 2057 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled S-Enantiomer of Pregabalin (P704790). A GABA analogue used as an anticonvulsant. Anxiolytic analgesic used to treat peripheral neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia.<br>References Taylor, C.P., at al.: Epilepsy Res., 14, 11 (1993), Field, M.J., et al.: Pain, 80, 391 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.<br>References Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010), Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010), Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010), McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levofloxacin USP Related Compound C<br>Applications Levofloxacin Ethyl Ester (Levofloxacin USP Related Compound C) is an impurity of Levofloxacin (L360000).<br>References Lalitha Devi, M. et al.: J. Pharrm. Biomed. ANal., 50, 710 (2009); Mehta, J. et al.: Int. J. PharmTech Res., 2, 1932 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiacloprid is an insecticide of the neonicotinoid class.<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Lindane (L465990) is an insecticide that is used as a treatment for scabies and lice.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bist, R., et al.: Int. J. Pharm. Pharma. Sci., 4, 117 (2012); Heinz, M., et al.: Human. Health. Handbook., 1, 355 (2012); Bay, S.M., et al.: Enviro. Toxciol. Chem., 31, 2711 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (4R,6S)-rel-5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-Dioxide is used as a reactant in the preparation of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride (D535100), which is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; antiglaucoma agent.<br>References Lippa, E.A., et al.: Ophthalmology, 98, 308 (1991); Wang, R.-F., et al.: Arch. Ophthalmol., 109, 1297 (1991); Whikehart, D., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol., 7, 195 (1991); Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bevantolol is a cardioselective β-adrenergic blocker. Bevantolol is used as an antianginal, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic.<br>References Hoefle, M.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 148 (1975), Dukes, I.D., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 84, 365 (1985), Lucas, C.P., et al.: Clin. Ther., 8, 49 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of 17β-Estradiol.<br>References Cushman, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2041 (1995), D’Amato, R.J., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 3964 (1994), Forsis, T., et al.: Nature, 368, 237 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Butylbenzo[D]isothiazol-3(2H)-one (cas# 4299-07-4) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amitriptyline EP Impurity C<br>Applications Nortriptyline Hydrochloride (Amitriptyline EP Impurity C) is a tricyclic antidepressant.<br>References Hale, J. L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 233 (1972), Rubin, E.H., et al.: J. Clin. Psychiatry, 46, 418 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Stearalkonium chloride. A compound used in products for promoting skin cleanliness and health.<br>References Lin, J., et al.: Biotechnol. Bioeng., 83, 168 (2003), Gabriel, M., et al.: Bioconjug. Chem., 17, 548 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Aprepitant-d4 is a labeled analogue of Aprepitant (A729800), A novel selective neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist. In vitro studies using human liver microsomes indicate that Aprepitant is metabolised primarily by CYP3A4 with minor metabolism by CYP1A2 and CYP2C19, and no metabolism by CYP2D6, CYP2C9, or CYP2E1. Aprepitant-d4 is a potential treatment for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.<br>References Hale, J.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 4607 (1998); Campos, D., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 19, 1759 (2001); Van Belle, S., et al.: Cancer, 94, 3032 (2002); Majumdar, A.K., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 291 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tropisetron-d5, is the labeled analogue of Tropisetron Hydrochloride (T892700), which is specific serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist. It is also an antiemetic.<br>References Richardson, B.P., et al.: Nature, 316, 126 (1985), Williams, F.M., et al.: J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 7, 550 (1985), Waeber, C., et al.: Neuroscience, 31, 393 (1989), Seynaeve, C., et al.: Anti-Cancer Drugs, 2, 343 (1991), Fischer, V., et al.: Dug Metab. Dispos., 20, 603 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications A phenethylamine derivative; 2C-B designer drugs.<br>References Quirino, J., et al.: Science, 282, 465 (1998), de Boer, D., et al.: Pharm. World Sci., 26, 110 (2004), Carmo, H., et al.: Toxicology, 206, 75 (2005), Kanamori, T., et al.: Forensic Sci. Int., 148, 131 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetylmethadol Hydrochloride is a synthetic opioid similar in structure to Methadone (M225865, HCl) used in the treatment of opiate dependence. It acts as a μ-opioid receptor agonist. It also acts as a potent, noncompetitive α3β4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.<br>References Billings, R.E., et al.: Life Sci., 14, 1437 (1974); Galici, R., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 81, 626 (2005); Xiao, Y., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 299, 366 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications Amphotericin B Methyl Ester is the methyl ester derivative of the polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B (A634250). Amphotericin B Methyl Esterin is a cholesterol binding compound that showed inhibiton of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).<br>References Waheed, A.A. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006); Waheed, A. et al.: J. Virol., 82, 9776 (2008); Waheed, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Betulinic Acid-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of Betulinic Acid (B330250); a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that displays anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activity. Betulinic Acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells by directly activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis through a p53- and CD95-independent mechanism. Betulinic Acid also exhibits TGR5 agonist activity.<br>References Pisha, E. et al.: Nat. Med., 1, 1046 (1995); Fulda, S. et al.: Cancer Res., 57, 4956 (1997); Kashiwada, Y. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 1016 (1996); Genet, C. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 178 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Albendazole EP Impurity E<br>Applications Carbendazim (Albendazole EP Impurity E) is a fungicide and an impurity of Albendazole.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zeng, Z., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 44, 3374 (1996), Lewis, D., et al.: Xenobiotica, 28, 235 (1998), Hodgson, E., et al.: J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 21, 182 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Probenazole can be used in agricultural use and biological study of preparation of nicotinamide compounds containing chiral oxazoline and application thereof as agricultural antimicrobial agent.<br>References Li, S., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, CN 106397422 A 20170215 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Metolachlor OA-d11 is a deuterium labeled form of Metolachlor OA (M338705), which is a derivative of herbicide Metolachlor (M338700). Metolachlor OA is a drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. McGahen, L. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978 26 (2), pp 414–4192. Chesters, G. et al.: Rev. Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989;110:1-74<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amoxicillin EP Impurity L ; Amoxicillin USP Related Compound L<br>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A derivative of Amoxicillin (A634235), a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications A chemoattractants against Pseudomonas strains. A reactant used in the preparation of influenza neuraminidase inhibitors, inhibitors of transthyretin amyloid fibril formation and Iihibitors of the protein chaperone Hsp90.<br>References Menzella, H. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 1518 (2009); Johnson, S. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1576 (2005); Parales, R.: App. Environ. Microbiol., 70, 285 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications An antibacterial agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Piipari, R., et al.: Clin. Exp. Allergy, 28, 358 (1998), Kanerva, L., et al.: Contact Dermatitis, 44, 193 (2001), Frauen, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 25, 965 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalimide-d4 is the isotope labelled analog of Phthalimide (P384550); a reagent used to transform allyl- and alkyl halides into protected primary amines. Phthalimide analogues have been extensively used in medicinal chemistry owing to their wide spectrum of applications as anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypolipidimic and immunomodulatory activities.<br>References Sharma, U., et al.: Med. Chem., 10, 678 (2010); Reddy, P.Y., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 62, 2652 (1997); Le, Z.G., et al. Synthesis., 208 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Deuterated Zolpidem, a selective non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonist. Sedative, hypnotic. Controlled substance (depresssant).<br>References Arbilla, S., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 330, 248 (1985), Cashman, J.N., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 21, 205 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxydiazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide.<br>References Xu, H.: Shijie Nongyao, 29, 42 (2007).<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetraoctyltin was coupled to C-H bonds of 2-aryl- and 2-benzyl-substituted 4,4-​dimethyl-​2-​oxazolines and pyridines to give the benzene ring-​alkylated products in good yields by using 5 mol % Pd(OAc)​2 as the catalyst.<br>References Chen, X., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 78 (2006).<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorophenylamine is an organic chemical reagent and precursor in the synthesis of various drugs and dyestuffs. It is a building block and a degredation product of Chlorhexidine (C335045), an antiseptic as well as azo dyes and pigments in printing and textiles.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Leucea, D. et al.: Ind. Text., 61, 304 (2010); Below, H. et al.: Microchim. Acta 146, 129 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nelfinavir Mesylate is an antiviral. HIV protease inhibitor. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Patick, A.K., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 292 (1996), Bardsley-Elliot, G.L., et al.: Drugs, 59, 581 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hawkinsin is a urinary metabolite from the rare disorder of tyrosine metabolism, known as Hawkinsinuria; Also, it is derived from 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (H949060), which is a compound present in olive oil. An important fine chemical intermediate with broad prospects for application development.<br>References Gomez-Ospina, N., et al.: J. Inherit. Metab. Dis., 39, 821-829 (2016); Shu, Y., et al.: Guangdong Huagong, 37, 108 (2010), Papadopoulos, G., et al.: J Am Oil Chem Soc, 68, 669 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled quinoline methanol antimalarial agent.<br>References Carroll, F.I., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 17, 210 (1974), Davidson, M.W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 20, 1117 (1977), Brown, R.E., et al.: Life Sci., et al.: 25, 1857 (1979), Lim, P., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 157 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lorazepam USP Related Compound A<br>Stability hygroscopic<br>Applications Lorazepam is an anxiolytic compound that potentiates GABAergic synaptic transmission by binding at the benzodiazepine site on the GABAA receptor.1,2 This product is intended for forensic and research applications. Lorazepam acts as ananticonvulsant. Lorazepam USP Related Compound A.Controlled substance (depressant).<br>References Rutgers, G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 9, 397 (1980), Korkmaz, S., et al.: Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 8, 175 (1998), D’Onofrio, G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 340, 915 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fipronil- 13C2 15N2 is the labeled analogue of Fipronil (F342200), which is a broad spectrum insecticide which actively disrupts the CNS of contacted insects by blocking the passage of chloride ions through GABA receptors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ling, S., et al.: App. Entomol. Zool., 44, 543 (2009), Li, X., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 29, 127 (2010), Savant, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 1447 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications An labelled epilepsy drug. It has been used as co-therapy for treatment of epilepsy. It inhibits the enzymes responsible for metabolism of other anti-convulsant agents.<br>References Laurie, D., et al.: J. Neurosci., 12, 4151 (1992), Smith, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 311, 601 (2004), Trojnar, M., et al.: Pharm. Rep., 57, 154 (2005), Drafts, B., et al.: J. Pharm. Exp. Ther., 318, 1094 (2006), Picton, A., et al.: Brain Res., 1165, 40 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications An α2-Adrenergic agonist. Sedative; analgesic.<br>References Scheinin, M., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 24, 443 (1987), Stenberg, D., et al.: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 10, 319 (1987), Virtanen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 150, 9 (1988), Cullen, L.K., et al.: Br. Vet. J., 152, 519 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a potent and selective inhibitor of Aurora B kinase. Cells treated with ZM-447439 progress through interphase, enter mitosis and assemble bipolar spindles but chromosome alignment, segregation and cytokinesis all fail. It induces apoptosos in Hep2 cancer cells and in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines but its propensity to induce polyploidy does not inevitably result in apoptosis.<br>References Ditchfield, C., et al.: J. Cell Biol., 161, 267 (2003), Long, Z.J., et al.: J. Cell Cycle, 7, 1473 (2008), Walsby, E., et al.: Haematologica, 93, 662 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoic Acid is used in biochemical genetics studies such as Plasmid-encoded phthalate catabolic pathway in Arthrobacter keyseri 12B.<br>References Eaton, Richard W., Journal of Bacteriology, 183, 3689-3703, (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloramphenicol Succinate Sodium is a derivative of Chloramphenicol (C325030) which are broad spectrum antibiotic obtained from cultures of the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial; antirickettsial.<br>References Bartz, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., et al.: 172, 445 (1948), Gottlieb, et al.: J. Bacteriol., 55, 409 (1948), Szulczewski, D., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 47 (1975), Price, A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 118 (1981), Shalit, I., et al.: Drugs, 28, 281 (1984),<br></p>